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Scientific Elegance in NIDS: Unveiling Cardinality Reduction, Box-Cox Transformation, and ADASYN for Enhanced Intrusion Detection

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3897-3912页

作者： amerah Alabrah Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The emergence of digital networks and the wide adoption of information on internet platforms have given rise to threats against users’private *** intruders actively seek such private data either for sale or other inappropriate ***,national and international organizations have country-level and company-level private information that could be accessed by different network ***,the need for a Network Intruder Detection System(NIDS)becomes essential for protecting these networks and *** the evolution of NIDS,Artificial Intelligence(AI)assisted tools and methods have been widely adopted to provide effective ***,the development of NIDS still faces challenges at the dataset and machine learning levels,such as large deviations in numeric features,the presence of numerous irrelevant categorical features resulting in reduced cardinality,and class imbalance in multiclass-level *** address these challenges and offer a unified solution to NIDS development,this study proposes a novel framework that preprocesses datasets and applies a box-cox transformation to linearly transform the numeric features and bring them into closer *** reduction was applied to categorical features through the binning ***,the class imbalance dataset was addressed using the adaptive synthetic sampling data generation ***,the preprocessed,refined,and oversampled feature set was divided into training and test sets with an 80–20 ratio,and two experiments were *** Experiment 1,the binary classification was executed using four machine learning classifiers,with the extra trees classifier achieving the highest accuracy of 97.23%and an AUC of *** Experiment 2,multiclass classification was performed,and the extra trees classifier emerged as the most effective,achieving an accuracy of 81.27%and an AUC of *** results were evaluated based on training,testing,and total time,and a com

关键词： Adaptive synthetic sampling class imbalance features cardinality network security over sampling

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饲料颗粒：家禽生长不可忽视的基础

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中国家禽 2009年第5期31卷 34-39页

作者： a.m.amerah V.Ravindran R.G.Lentie D.G.Thomas 栾德琴吕玲新西兰梅西大学食品营养和人类健康研究所

在家禽养殖中,饲料是支撑家禽生长的最基本元素。除去营养需要外,高度加工处理的饲料从一开始着眼于提高家禽的生产性能,以达到效率最优化。其中,饲料颗粒成为影响家禽生长的重要因素。如何寻求最适的粒度不仅是饲料企业需要解决的问题... 详细信息

在家禽养殖中,饲料是支撑家禽生长的最基本元素。除去营养需要外,高度加工处理的饲料从一开始着眼于提高家禽的生产性能,以达到效率最优化。其中,饲料颗粒成为影响家禽生长的重要因素。如何寻求最适的粒度不仅是饲料企业需要解决的问题,更加是家禽营养学家们需要认真关注的基本认识。本专题以从颗粒大小、粉碎方法、分散度、饲料物理形式等着手全面分析了这些因素对家禽生长性能的影响,同时就粒度与消化道、消化酶、养分利用率、消化道通过率的关系进行了探讨。期望在强调饲料粒度的重要影响的同时,给家禽饲料企业和营业学家们提供借鉴和启示,进而为广大养殖用户提供最适合的家禽饲料。

关键词：家禽养殖饲料颗粒生长性能基础饲料粒度饲料企业养分利用率基本元素

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饲料粒度对小麦和玉米基础日粮肉仔鸡生产性能、能量利用率、消化道发育和消化参数的影响

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中国畜牧兽医 2009年第6期 123-123页

作者： a.m.amerah 刘宁

试验旨在研究了小麦和玉米型日粮饲料粒度对肉仔鸡生产性能、表观氮校正代谢能和消化道形态学、组织学参数的影响。试验为2×2因子设计,即日粮包括细、粗2种粒度和小麦、玉米2种类型。饲料粒度是由锤式粉碎机粉碎全粒谷物分别通过17、m... 详细信息

试验旨在研究了小麦和玉米型日粮饲料粒度对肉仔鸡生产性能、表观氮校正代谢能和消化道形态学、组织学参数的影响。试验为2×2因子设计,即日粮包括细、粗2种粒度和小麦、玉米2种类型。饲料粒度是由锤式粉碎机粉碎全粒谷物分别通过17、mm筛子,然后配制为全价饲料并制粒。每个处理包括6个重复,每个重复8只公雏,试验期为1;1日龄。试验结果表明,制粒不改变小麦和玉米型日粮粒度分布,尤其没有改变粗颗粒的比例（1 mm及其以上粒度）。与细粒度日粮相比,粗粒度日粮显著提高了玉米型日粮肉鸡的增重（P=0.06）,但是对小麦型日粮肉鸡增重没有影响。粗粒度日粮还显著降低了2种类型日粮肉鸡的料重比（P<0.001）,显著提高了小麦型日粮肉鸡表观氮校正代谢能（P=0.06）。粗粒度显著增加了玉米型日粮肉鸡的肌胃重量（P<0.05）,但是粒度对小麦型日粮肉鸡肌胃重量没有影响。日粮粒度和类型没有影响十二指肠绒毛高度、腺窝深度及上皮厚度（P<0.05）。因此,本研究结果表明,饲料粒度对肉鸡生产性能和消化参数的效应变化取决于日粮类型。

关键词：粒度小麦玉米消化道消化参数

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原料粒度对家禽消化和生产性能的影响

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饲料与畜牧（新饲料） 2008年第6期 25-30页

作者： a.m.amerah V.Ravindran R.G.Lentle D.G.Thcmas 郑君杰周剑波北京市饲料监察所陕西汉中动物卫生监督所

饲料工业很少关注蛋白类原料（如豆粕、肉粉等）的粒度，因其在出厂时已经粉碎，但需要控制谷物等的粒度。

关键词：原料粒度生产性能消化家禽饲料工业豆粕肉粉

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Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation performance of multi-layered periodic foundations

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.J.mAHmOODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of mechanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are numerically examined for their responses to longitudinal and transverse modes in the time and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,comprising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber materials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is modeled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the complex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the simulations of wave transmission in the time and frequency domains are performed using the COmSOL *** parametric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity models on the dispersion curves and the wave transmission for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-mode damping is more sensitive to the viscoelasticity model than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from 4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered metamaterial periodic foundation complex dispersion curve wave transmission diagram

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Engineering of efficient visible light photocatalysts:Ti_(1-x+y)Cu_(x)La_(y)O_(2)(x=0.03;y=0,0.005,0.01) compositions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 497-505,I0003页

作者： S.m.Yakout A.m.Youssef Inorganic Chemistry Department National Research Centre(NRC)El Buhouth StDokkiCairo12622Egypt

In dye-photocatalysis, widening the wavelengths absorption range of catalysts as well as aborting the recombination of the photoexcited charge carriers(electrons-holes pairs) are of paramount *** the current study, we report the photocatalytic characteristics of four compositions composed of TiO_(2),Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders for two harmful dyes(Congo red and methylene blue). The X-ray diffraction technique verified the configuration of mixed anatase and rutile phases in pure TiO_(2)and Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2)powders while Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders possess anatase phase only. The changes of the band gap structure and dimensions of the unit cell volume of TiO_(2)confirm the substitution of Ti^(4+)sites by Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions. Remarkable widening of wavelengths absorption with formation of long absorption tails were found in TiO_(2)(3.13 e V) through insertion of La^(3+)plus Cu^(2+)ions. Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)samples exhibit a visible light band gap of 2.3 and 2.7 e V, respectively. Based on SEm images, incorporation of Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions influences the surface morphology of TiO_(2). The resulting Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders present enhanced photocatalytic activity towards Congo red dye degradation compared to pure one under natural solar spectrum. The best Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst exhibits superior photocatalytic activity of 96% for 10 ppm CR dye in 20 min as well as above average photocatalytic efficiency of 63% for 30 ppm CR dye in 120 min. As well, it showed acceptable photodegradation activity of 52% for 30 ppm mB solution in 140 min of sunlight irradiation. The heightened photodegradation efficiency of Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst can be clarified in terms of higher ch

关键词： Semiconductor TiO_(2) Rare earths Congo red methylene blue Solar spectrum Photodegradation

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Nonlinear dynamic modeling of planar moving Timoshenko beam considering non-rigid non-elastic axial effects

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 479-496页

作者： m.ABBASI GAVARI m.R.HOmAEINEZHAD Faculty of mechanical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19991-43344Iran

Due to the importance of vibration effects on the functional accuracy of mechanical systems,this research aims to develop a precise model of a nonlinearly vibrating single-link mobile flexible *** manipulator consists of an elastic arm,a rotary motor,and a rigid carrier,and undergoes general in-plane rigid body motion along with elastic transverse *** accurately model the elastic behavior,Timoshenko’s beam theory is used to describe the flexible arm,which accounts for rotary inertia and shear deformation *** applying Newton’s second law,the nonlinear governing equations of motion for the manipulator are derived as a coupled system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)and partial differential equations(PDEs).Then,the assumed mode method(Amm)is used to solve this nonlinear system of governing equations with appropriate shape *** assumed modes can be obtained after solving the characteristic equation of a Timoshenko beam with clamped boundary conditions at one end and an attached mass/inertia at the *** addition,the effect of the transverse vibration of the inextensible arm on its axial behavior is *** the axial rigidity,the effect makes the rigid body dynamics invalid for the axial behavior of the ***,numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed model,and the results are compared with those obtained by the finite element *** comparison confirms the validity of the proposed dynamic model for the *** to the mentioned features,this model can be reliable for investigating the system’s vibrational behavior and implementing vibration control algorithms.

关键词： planar moving Timoshenko beam non-rigid non-elastic axial effect as-sumed mode method(Amm) nonlinear motion analysis

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Free vibration and buckling analysis of polymeric composite beams reinforced by functionally graded bamboo fbers

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 543-562页

作者： H.m.FEIZABAD m.H.YAS Department of mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

Natural fibers have been extensively researched as reinforcement materials in polymers on account of their environmental and economic advantages in comparison with synthetic fibers in the recent *** fibers are renowned for their good mechanical properties,abundance,and short cycle *** beams are one of the fundamental structural components and are susceptible to mechanical loads in engineering applications,this paper performs a study on the free vibration and buckling responses of bamboo fiber reinforced composite(BFRC)beams on the elastic *** different functionally graded(FG)layouts and a uniform one are the considered distributions for unidirectional long bamboo fibers across the *** elastic properties of the composite are determined with the law of *** Hamilton’s principle,the governing equations of motion are *** generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)is then applied to the equations to obtain the *** achieved outcomes exhibit that the natural frequency and buckling load values vary as the fiber volume fractions and distributions,elastic foundation stiffness values,and boundary conditions(BCs)and slenderness ratio of the beam ***,a comparative study is conducted between the derived analysis outcomes for BFRC and homogenous polymer beams to examine the effectiveness of bamboo fibers as reinforcement materials,demonstrating the significant enhancements in both vibration and buckling responses,with the exception of natural frequencies for cantilever beams on the Pasternak foundation with the FG-◇fiber ***,the obtained analysis results of BFRC beams are also compared with those for carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)beams found in the literature,indicating that the buckling loads and natural frequencies of BFRC beams are lower than those of CNTRC beams.

关键词： bamboo fiber free vibration buckling analysis functionally graded(FG)beam elastic foundation generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)

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Enhanced quantum resources via two distant atom-cavity systems under the influence of atomic dissipation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 62-73页

作者： m Setodeh Kheirabady m K Tavassoly m Rafeie E Ghasemian Laser and Optics Group Faculty of PhysicsYazd UniversityYazd 89195-741Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Intelligent Systems Engineering and Data SciencePersian Gulf UniversityBushehrIran

Quantum resources such as entanglement and coherence are the holy grail for modern quantum technologies. Although the unwanted environmental effects tackle quantum information processing tasks, suprisingly these key quantum resources may be protected and even enhanced by the implementation of some special hybrid open quantum systems. Here, we aim to show how a dissipative atom-cavity-system can be accomplished to generate enhanced quantum *** do so, we consider a couple of dissipative cavities, where each one contains two effective two-level atoms interacting with a single-mode cavity field. In practical applications, a classical laser field may be applied to drive each atomic subsystem. After driving the system, a Bell-state measurement is performed on the output of the system to quantify the entanglement and coherence. The obtained results reveal that the remote entanglement and coherence between the atoms existing inside the two distant cavities are not only enhanced, but can be stabilized, even under the action of dissipation. In contrast, the local entanglement between two atoms inside each dissipative cavity attenuates due to the presence of unwanted environmental ***, the local coherence may show the same behavior as the remote ***, the system provides the steady state entanglement in various interaction regimes,particularly in the strong atom-cavity coupling and with relatively large detuning. more interestingly, our numerical analyses demonstrate that the system may show a memory effect due to the fact that the death and revival of the entanglement take place during the interaction. Our proposed model may find potential applications for the implementation of long distance quantum networks. In particular, it facilitates the distribution of quantum resources between the nodes of large-scale quantum networks for secure communication.

关键词： remote entanglement and coherence atomic dissipation steady state entanglement Bell-statemeasurement

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Effects of multiple shapes for steady flow with transformer oil+Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2) between two stretchable rotating disks

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第2期45卷 373-388页

作者： m.RAHmAN m.TURKYILmAZOGLU Z.mUSHTAQ Department of mathematics Mirpur University of Science and TechnologyMirpur 10250Pakistan Department of mathematics Hacettepe UniversityBeytepeAnkara 06532Turkiye

In this study,we examine the effects of various shapes of nanoparticles in a steady flow of hybrid nanofluids between two stretchable rotating *** steady flow of hybrid nanofluids with transformer oil as the base fluid and Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2)as the hybrid nanofluid is *** shapes of Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2)hybrid nanofluids,including sphere,brick,blade,cylinder,and platelet,are *** shape exists in the same volume of a *** leading equations(partial differential equations(PDEs))are transformed to the nonlinear ordinary differential equations(ODEs)with the help of similarity *** system of equations takes the form of ODEs depending on the boundary conditions,whose solutions are computed numerically by the bvp4c mATLAB *** outputs are compared with the previous findings,and an intriguing pattern is discovered,such that the tangential velocity is increased for the rotation parameter,while it is decreased by the stretching values because of the lower *** the reaction rate parameter,the concentration boundary layer becomes shorter,and the activation energy component increases the rate at which mass transfers come to the higher disk but have the opposite effect on the bottom *** ranges of various parameters taken into account are Pr=6.2,Re=2,m=1.0,φ_(1)=φ_(2)=0.03,K=0.5,S=-0.1,Br=0.3,Sc=2.0,α_(1)=0.2,γ=0.1,E_(n)=2.0,and q=1.0,and the rotation factor K is within the range of 0 to 1.

关键词： transformer oil Brinkman number skin friction coefficient double rotating disk Nusselt number Sherwood number

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