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Finding biomarkers of experience in animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 925-944页

作者： Sarah Babington Alan J.Tilbrook Shane K.Maloney Jill N.Fernandes Tamsyn M.Crowley Luoyang Ding Archa H.Fox Song Zhang Elise A.kho Daniel Cozzolino Timothy J.Mahony Dominique Blache School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Centre for Animal Science The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of Medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3217Australia Poultry Hub Australia University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2350Australia College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare,it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a *** is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare *** behavioural,physiological,and neurobiological indicators that are used to assess animal welfare can verify the absence of extremely negative *** welfare is more than an absence of negative outcomes and an appropriate indicator should reflect the full spectrum of experience of an animal,from negative to *** this review,we draw from the knowledge of human biomedical science to propose a list of candidate biological markers(biomarkers)that should reflect the experiential state of non-human *** proposed biomarkers can be classified on their main function as endocrine,oxidative stress,non-coding molecular,and thermobiological *** also discuss practical challenges that must be addressed before any of these biomarkers can become useful to assess the experience of an animal in real-life.

关键词： Animal experience Animal welfare Biomarker Stress Welfare assessment

Temporal Structures of the North Atlantic Oscillation and Its Impact on the Regional Climate Variability

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 23-32页

作者：黄建平季明霞 kaz HIGUCHI Amir SHABBAR College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 Meteorological Service of Canada 4905 Dufferin StreetDownsviewOntarioCanada M3H 5T4

In this study, the temporal structure of the variation of North Atlantic Oscillation （NAO） and its impact on regional climate variability are analyzed using various datasets. The results show that blocking formations in the Atlantic region are sensitive to the phase of the NAO. Sixty-seven percent more winter blocking days are observed during the negative phase compared to the positive phase of the NAO. The average length of blocking during the negative phase is about 11 days, which is nearly twice as long as the 6-day length observed during the positive phase of the NAO. The NAO-related differences in blocking frequency and persistence are associated with changes in the distribution of the surface air temperature anomaly, which, to a large extent, is determined by the phase of the NAO. The distribution of regional cloud amount is also sensitive to the phase of the NAO. For the negative phase, the cloud amounts are significant, positive anomalies in the convective zone in the Tropics and much less cloudiness in the mid latitudes. But for the positive phase of the NAO, the cloud amount is much higher in the mid-latitude storm track region. In the whole Atlantic region, the cloud amount shows a decrease with the increase of surface air temperature. These results suggest that there may be a negative feedback between the cloud amount and the surface air *** in the Atlantic region.

关键词： North Atlantic Oscillation atmospheric blocking cloud negative feedback

Characterization of Baram and Tanjung sands as potential proppants

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Energy Geoscience 2021年第3期2卷 175-180页

作者： Henry Elochukwu Kenneth kho Khai Kiat Department of Petroleum Engineering Curtin UniversityCDT25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia

Baram and Tanjung sands were evaluated for potential use as *** was conducted on Baram and Tanjung sands following ISO and ASTM recommended *** showed that Baram and Tanjung sand mineralogy is predominantly quartz with presence of metal *** descriptors of both sands for sphericity and roundness were above *** sand was retained by 20/40 mesh size with mean size of 448.2 mm,bulk density of 1.32 g/cc,acid solubility of 1.5%and crush resistance of 4000 *** Tanjung sand was retained by 30/50 mesh size with mean size of 383.2 mm,bulk density of 1.30 g/cc,acid solubility of 1.20%and crush resistance of 8000 *** indicates that Baram sand has larger grain size that supports high permeability at low closure stress,making this sand suitable for shallow depth hydraulic fracturing operations,whereas Tanjung sand is more suitable for deeper domains with high closure *** results and economic comparison with commercial frac sand and other proppant types support using Baram and Tanjung sands as potential proppants.

关键词： Baram sand Tanjung sand Crush resistance Proppant Hydraulic fracturing

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: A review of diagnosis and management

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第2期9卷 50-61页

作者： Joseph R Roberts Lacey L Siekas Andrew M kaz Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology University of Washington School of Medicine Gastroenterology Section VA Puget Sound Health Care System

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia(AIN) is a premalignant lesion of the anal mucosa that is a precursor to anal cancer. Although anal cancer is relatively uncommon, rates of this malignancy are steadily rising in the United States, and among certain high risk populations the incidence of anal cancer may exceed that of colon cancer. Risk factors for AIN and anal cancer consist of clinical factors and behaviors that are associated with the acquisition and persistence of human papilloma virus(HPV) infection. The strongest HPV-associated risk factors are HIV infection, receptive anal intercourse, and high risk sexual behavior. A history of HPVmediated genital cancer, which suggests infection with an oncogenic HPV strain, is another risk factor for AIN/anal cancer. Because progression of AIN to anal cancer is known to occur in some individuals over several years, screening for AIN and early anal cancer, as well as treatment of advanced AIN lesions, is reasonable in certain high-risk populations. Although randomized controlled trials evaluating screening and treatment outcomes are lacking, experts support routine screening for AIN in high risk populations. Screening is performed using anal cytological exams, similar to those performed in cervical cancer screening programs, along with direct tissue evaluation and biopsy via high resolution anoscopy. AIN can be treated using topical therapies such as imiquimod, 5-flurouracil, and trichloroacetic acid, as well as ablative therapies such as electrocautery and laser therapy. Reductions in AIN and anal cancer rates have been shown in studies where high-risk populations were vaccinated against the oncogenic strains of HPV. Currently, the CDC recommends both high-risk and average-risk populations be vaccinated against HPV infection using the quadrivalent or nonavalent vaccines. It is important for clinicians to be familiar with AIN and the role of HPV vaccination, particularly in high risk populations.

关键词：肛门癌症肛门 intraepithelial 瘤形成肛门有鳞的房间癌人的乳头状瘤病毒疫苗人的乳头状瘤病毒

Nest composition and worker relatedness in three slave-making ants of the genus Rossomyrmex Arnoldi and their Proformica Ruzsky hosts （Hymenoptera, Formicidae）

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 361-368页

作者： Alberto Tinaut Francisca Ruano Olivia Sanllorente Alejandra Fernandez-Zambrano Celal Karaman Yelimbek kaz Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Granada Granada Spain Department of Biology Faculty of Arts and Sciences Trakya University Edirne Turkey Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences L.N. Gumilev Eurasian National University Astana Kazakhstan

In this paper, we analyze and compare nest composition and architecture as well as worker relatedness in three related species of slave-making ants： Rossomyrmex anatolicus, R. minuchae, and R. quandratinodum. Colony structure within nests is an important trait in ants, especially in the case of mixed societies, when host and parasite coexist in the same nest. Data for their respective free-living hosts, Proformica korbi, P.. longiseta and P. sp., are also provided. For our study, we integrated a meticulous excava- tion procedure with a genetic method. We conclude that the average number of parasites, as well as of slaves, is species-specific, whereas nest depth depends on the nest archi- tecture of the host. The genus Rossomyrmex seems to be monogynous and monandrous, whereas Proformica shows differences in the number of queens and mating frequency. R. quandratinodum shows different traits in nest composition （host/parasite ratio： P/R） and architecture. The difference in traits may account for some differences in parasitism： raid process or avoidance of parasitism.

关键词： nest architecture nest composition Proformica relatedness Rossomyrmex,slave-making ants

Multi-line code: A low complexity revocable fingerprint template for cancelable biometrics

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第5期20卷 1292-1297页

作者： WONG Wei-jing WONG Mou-ling Dennis kho Yau-hee Faculty of Engineering Computing and ScienceSwinburne University of Technology(Sarawak Campus)

A low computational cost cancelable fingerprint template, namely the multi-line codes was proposed. The formulation of a single-line code involves the inspection of minutiae distribution along a straight line constructed based on the reference minutia. Multi-line code is introduced to elevate the performance by combining several single-line codes. Experiments were carried out on a few FVC databases. It has been proven that the proposed method yields relatively low computational complexity as compared to existing minutiae distribution-based methods, while preserving the performance. The equal error rate obtained for FVC2002 DB1 is 4.69% in stolen-key case, and the total arithmetic operations utilized are 14 520 additions and zero multiplication.

关键词：指纹模板低复杂度代码撤销生物计算成本算术运算数据库

Harnessing the Beneficial Attributes of Ceria and Titania in a Mixed-Oxide Support for Nickel-Catalyzed Photothermal CO_2 Methanation

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Engineering 2017年第3期3卷 393-401页

作者： Ee Teng kho Salina Jantarang Zhaoke Zheng Jason Scott Rose Amal Particles and Catalysis Research Laboratory School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

太阳能驱动二氧化碳(CO_2)转化为燃料是解决CO_2减排和快速增长的世界能源需求的理想方案。本文利用光照辐射镍基负载催化剂床层引发加热效应以促进CO_2的转化,研究了不同组成的氧化铈-氧化钛复合氧化物载体及其对光热CO_2转化的影响。... 详细信息

太阳能驱动二氧化碳(CO_2)转化为燃料是解决CO_2减排和快速增长的世界能源需求的理想方案。本文利用光照辐射镍基负载催化剂床层引发加热效应以促进CO_2的转化,研究了不同组成的氧化铈-氧化钛复合氧化物载体及其对光热CO_2转化的影响。提高光热CO_2甲烷化活性的两个至关重要的因素分别是:(1)优化的镍颗粒负载对于高活性催化面积及用于加热催化床层的更高的光吸收能力是必需的;(2)载体上的缺陷位对于促进CO_2吸附及随后的活化是必需的。载体中的钛对维持掺杂氧化钛的氧化铈上的氧空位缺陷起着关键作用。当氧化铈和氧化钛混合比例理想时,再结合高光照吸收以及稳定的还原状态,有利于CO_2吸附及随后高效光热CO_2甲烷化反应的发生。

关键词：光热二氧化碳还原镍氧化铈氧化钛

Rheumatic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第44期15卷 5517-5524页

作者： Tatiana Sofía Rodríguez-Reyna Cynthia Martínez-Reyes Jesús kazúo Yamamoto-Furusho Department of Immunology and Rheumatology National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador ZubiránVasco de Quiroga 15Col Sección XVI. DelTlalpanMexico City 14000Mexico Department of Gastro-enterology National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador ZubiránVasco de Quiroga 15Col Sección XVI. DelTlalpanMexico City 14000Mexico

This article reviews the literature concerning rheu-matic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),including common immune-mediated pathways,frequency,clinical course and therapy. Musculoskel-etal complications are frequent and well-recognized manifestations in IBD,and affect up to 33% of pa-tients with IBD. The strong link between the bowel and the osteo-articular system is suggested by many clinical and experimental observations,notably in HLA-B27 transgenic rats. The autoimmune pathogenic mechanisms shared by IBD and spondyloarthropathies include genetic susceptibility to abnormal antigen pre-sentation,aberrant recognition of self,the presence of autoantibodies against specific antigens shared by the colon and other extra-colonic tissues,and increased intestinal permeability. The response against microor-ganisms may have an important role through molecular mimicry and other mechanisms. Rheumatic mani-festations of IBD have been divided into peripheral arthritis,and axial involvement,including sacroiliitis,with or without spondylitis,similar to idiopathic anky-losing spondylitis. Other periarticular features can oc-cur,including enthesopathy,tendonitis,clubbing,peri-ostitis,and granulomatous lesions of joints and *** and osteomalacia secondary to IBD and iatrogenic complications can also occur. The manage-ment of the rheumatic manifestations of IBD consists of physical therapy in combination with local injection of corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; caution is in order however,because of their possible harmful effects on intestinal integrity,perme-ability,and even on gut inflammation. Sulfasalazine,methotrexate,azathioprine,cyclosporine and lefluno-mide should be used for selected indications. In some cases,tumor necrosis factor-α blocking agents should be considered as first-line therapy.

关键词：风湿炎症肠

A review on photo-thermal catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide

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Green Energy & Environment 2017年第3期2卷 204-217页

作者： Ee Teng kho Tze Hao Tan Emma Lovell Roong Jien Wong Jason Scott Rose Amal Particles and Catalysis Research Group School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South Wales

The conversion of carbon dioxide into value-added products is of great industrial and environmental interest. However, as carbon dioxide is relatively stable, the input energy required for this conversion is a significant limiting factor in the system's performance. By utilising energy from the sun, through a range of key routes, this limitation can be overcome. In this review, we present a comprehensive and critical overview of the potential routes to harvest the sun's energy, primarily through solar-thermal technologies and plasmonic resonance effects. Focusing on the localised heating approach, this review shortlists and compares viable catalysts for the photo-thermal catalytic conversion of carbon ***, the pathways and potential products of different carbon dioxide conversion routes are outlined with the reverse water gas shift,methanation, and methanol synthesis being of key interest. Finally, the challenges in implementing such systems and the outlook to the future are detailed.

关键词： Carbon dioxide conversion Photo-thermal Plasmonic catalysis Solar thermal