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Dynamics of sexual development in teleosts with a note on Mugil cephalus

Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第5期7卷 507-518页

作者： J.Logamanya Tilak Angeline Samuel a.kalarani R.Moses Inbaraj Endocrinology Unit Department of ZoologyMadras Christian CollegeTambaramChennai600059India

The process of sex determination(SD)and sex differentiation(Sd)with associated sex-specific behaviour in teleosts is brought about by genetic factors and environmental factors under the influence of chemical messengers.SD is initiated by inherited genes,which in turn influence Sd by the production of hormones.To understand the plasticity of SD in fishes,the functional role of genes must be clearly elucidated.During early development,the dimorphic expression of male and female are mediated by the differentially sexualized brain.In mammals,SD region(SDR)on the Y chromosome(SRY)can be considered as male-specific copy of SOX3 and in the absence of SRY in teleosts suggests SD might be regulated by alternate genes.DM(doublesex/mab)-related genes,AMH(anti-mullerian hormone),TGF-b(transforming growth factor beta),GSDF(gonadal soma derived growth factor)and other genes(around 18)located in chromosomes of teleosts are found to be responsible for SD.The SD gene,sdY(sexually dimorphic on the Y chromosome)has been detected in more than 15 salmonid species,and in medaka and tilapia SD system is governed by heterogametic mechanism.In mullet,Mugil cephalus Dor et al.identified 27 SDR genes and suggested to be potential candidate genes for SD.Recently whole-genome sequencing data were produced from mullet and assembled into a draft genome sequence in which>30 loci are potentially associated with SD.Further analysis is required to know the involvement of each sex-biased gene for its functional influence on sex.Investigators attempted to know the sex-linkage group in tilapia and found that 2 linkage group i.e.LG1 and LG22 show SD loci,whereas in mullet it was documented that LG8 is the SD loci.Rigorous study with all male population(YY)or knockout of male marker gene,might give conclusive understanding on SD in future.The review highlights the absence of genomic understanding of SD and SDR genes for futuristic direction of research.

关键词： Sex determination SRY sdY Sex differentiation Mugil cephalus

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An Extensive Review of Vitiligo-Associated Conditions

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International Journal of Dermatology And Venereology 2024年第1期07卷 44-51页

作者： Premkumar Madhavi kalarani Iyshwarya Bhaskar Mohammed Vajagathali Veerabathiran Ramakrishnan Human Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute Chettinad Academy of Research and Education Kelambakkam Tamil Nadu 603103 India

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder caused by the destruction of melanocytes in various body regions. Numerous diseases may accompany vitiligo. The prevalence of vitiligo varies among geographical regions and shows no relation to sex or age. However, vitiligo most commonly affects people aged 10 to 30 years. The clinical symptoms of vitiligo include irregular patches on the skin and various diseases associated with this disorder. The present review focuses on the clinical effects and risk factors of vitiligo-associated conditions and the current therapeutics for treating vitiligo. This systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA guidelines and articles published from 2000 to 2023 in Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase. The most clinically significant diseases associated with vitiligo are alopecia areata, autoimmune thyroid disease, Addison disease, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. No targeted population is specifically prone to vitiligo; it does not affect any particular race or sex. Hence, awareness of the diseases associated with vitiligo is necessary to control them through various medical and surgical treatments with the proper facilities.

关键词： vitiligo autoimmune disorder melanocyte Addison disease atopic dermatitis

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