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蚕豆染色病毒(BBSV)在中国的发生与鉴定

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植物病理学报 1986年第2期 55-58页

作者：许志纲,a.j.cockbain,方中达南京农业大学植物病原生物研究室英国洛桑试站植病系南京农业大学植物病原生物研究室高级研究员

在1985年4月蚕豆病毒病的调查中,先后在四川、湖北、江苏和浙江4省的秋播蚕豆试验区内都发现一种由种子带毒的蚕豆染色病毒(BBSV)。所有病株都发生在由叙利亚国际旱地农业研究中心供种的试验区内,约10—40%的小区或品系发病,株发病率在0... 详细信息

在1985年4月蚕豆病毒病的调查中,先后在四川、湖北、江苏和浙江4省的秋播蚕豆试验区内都发现一种由种子带毒的蚕豆染色病毒(BBSV)。所有病株都发生在由叙利亚国际旱地农业研究中心供种的试验区内,约10—40%的小区或品系发病,株发病率在0—18%之间。病害是随种子传入我国的。病株为系统感染,病株叶片上的症状可以是轻花叶、斑驳、褪色斑或畸形,有的小叶正常而无明显病变。病毒粒体为等径球状体,直径28毫微米。病毒样本能与英(?)染色病毒的抗血清发生沉淀反应,但与真花叶病毒的抗血清不发生反应。在病株上未发现能传毒的象甲,也无象甲的为害状,病毒病尚未扩散。在试验区以外的农田里未发现有蚕豆染色病毒存在。

关键词：蚕豆染色病毒试验区 BBSV 种子带中华人民共和国

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侵染豌豆的生菜花叶病毒

上海农业学报 1990年第4期6卷 53-58页

作者：丁辛顺 a.j.cockbain R.D.Woods 上海市农业科学院园艺研究所上海201106 Rothamsted Experimental Station Harpenden Herts. UK

1987年冬自上海市郊田间自然感病的豌豆植株分离到一种病毒,质粒长约750nm,能系统侵染豌豆、生菜、苋色藜和昆诺阿藜,但不侵染蚕豆、菜豆、豇豆、心叶烟和新西烟。该病毒可由豌豆蚜传播,并能在豌豆叶片细胞内形成典型的风轮状细胞质内... 详细信息

1987年冬自上海市郊田间自然感病的豌豆植株分离到一种病毒,质粒长约750nm,能系统侵染豌豆、生菜、苋色藜和昆诺阿藜,但不侵染蚕豆、菜豆、豇豆、心叶烟和新西烟。该病毒可由豌豆蚜传播,并能在豌豆叶片细胞内形成典型的风轮状细胞质内含体。该病毒只侵染豌豆种皮,但不侵染子叶和胚,因此不能经豌豆种子传播。在免疫电镜和F(ab′)_2酶联免疫试验中,表现出与生菜花叶病毒有明显的血清学关系,说明该病毒属生菜花叶病毒。1989年采集病样检测结果,市郊豌豆的生菜花叶病毒自然感病率达11％。至今已从上海市郊豌豆植株上分离鉴定了三种病毒,即蚕豆萎蔫病毒(BBWV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)和生菜花叶病毒(LMV)。

关键词：豌豆生菜花叶病毒侵染病害

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长江流域蚕豆病毒病的发生情况

南京农业大学学报 1985年第4期 42-48页

作者：许志刚,濮祖芹,曹琦,方中达,a.j.cockbain 南京农业大学植物病理教研组南京农业大学植物病理教研组南京农业大学植物病理教研组南京农业大学植物病理教研组 Rothamsted Experimental Station England

自1983年至1985年的三年间,先后对长江流域蚕豆的主要产地(四川、湖北、浙江、上海和江苏五个省市)的蚕豆病毒病进行了现场调查和采样测定。从各地共采集有病毒病症状的标样339份。根据它们在田间的症状、寄主范围、传毒介体、病毒粒体... 详细信息

自1983年至1985年的三年间,先后对长江流域蚕豆的主要产地(四川、湖北、浙江、上海和江苏五个省市)的蚕豆病毒病进行了现场调查和采样测定。从各地共采集有病毒病症状的标样339份。根据它们在田间的症状、寄主范围、传毒介体、病毒粒体形态和大小以及血清学反应等测定结果,已经鉴定出蚕豆萎蔫病毒(BBWV)、芜菁花叶病毒(TuMV)、大豆花叶病毒(SMV)、蚕豆染色病毒(BBSV)菜豆黄花叶病毒(BYMV)和黄化卷叶病毒(BLRV?)等六种病毒。蚕豆萎蔫病毒的分布最广,危害也重。芜菁花叶病毒主要发生在江苏、浙江一带。黄化卷叶病毒则主要在湖北和江苏发生,危害大,损失重。蚕豆染色病毒都只是在国际蚕豆试验圃中发生,据调查,这些种子都是由国际旱地农业研究中心于1984年提供的。大豆花叶病毒的样本虽然不多,但作为一个越冬的桥梁寄主,其重要性不可忽视。 BBSV在中国是首次发生。TuMV和SMV能侵染蚕豆,这是第一次报道。

关键词：蚕豆长江流域 TuMV SMV BBWV 佛豆病毒病病毒传染病传染病蚕豆苗大豆花叶病毒

Error field penetration in j-TEXT tokamak based on two-fluid drift-MHD model

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 545-551页

作者：王文徐涛张仪 the j-TEXT team State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

An externally generated resonant magnetic perturbation can induce complex non-ideal MHD responses in their resonant *** have studied the plasma responses using Fitzpatrick's improved two-fluid model and program *** calculated the error field penetration threshold for *** addition,we find that the island width increases slightly as the error field amplitude increases when the error field amplitude is below the critical penetration ***,the island width suddenly jumps to a large value because the shielding effect of the plasma against the error field disappears after the *** scanning the natural mode frequency,we find that the shielding effect of the plasma decreases as the natural mode frequency ***,we obtain the m/n=2/1 penetration threshold scaling on density and temperature.

关键词： plasma responses drift-MHD model error field penetration

Storing Freshwater Versus Storing Electricity in Power Systems with High Freshwater Electric Demand

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journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 323-333页

作者： Mubarak j.Al-Mubarak Antonio j.Conejo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Electrical Engineering Kuwait UniversityP.O.Box 5969Safat 13060Kuwait Department of Integrated Systems Engineering and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA IEEE

We consider a power system whose electric demand pertaining to freshwater production is high(high freshwater electric demand),as in the Middle East,and investigate the tradeoff of storing freshwater in tanks versus storing electricity in batteries at the day-ahead operation *** storing freshwater and storing electricity increase the actual electric demand at valley hours and decrease it at peak hours,which is generally beneficial in term of cost and ***,to what extent?We analyze this question considering three power systems with different generation-mix configurations,i.e.,a thermal-dominated mix,a renewable-dominated one,and a fully renewable *** generation-mix configurations are inspired by how power systems may evolve in different countries in the Middle *** production uncertainty is compactly modeled using chance *** draw conclusions on how both storage facilities(freshwater and electricity)complement each other to render an optimal operation of the power system.

关键词： Power system operation freshwater production and transportation coordination day-ahead scheduling

Analysis of ancient mass extinction recoveries in marine environments: generating strategies for managing outcomes of the current mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 8-10页

作者： David j.Bottjer Department of Earth Sciences University of Southern California

The defining feature of a mass extinction and its associated recovery is the global amount of extinction that occurred[1]. However, there is finer-scale detail to the story, as seen in the ongoing modern mass extinction(the sixth mass extinction), which exhibits variable effects among marine ecosystems and environments, and hence geographic areas [1].

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Global weirding at mass extinction horizons

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 10-12页

作者： Gregory j.Retallack Department of Earth Sciences University of Oregon

A strong motivation for studying mass extinctions is understanding how current climatic and biodiversity crises will affect creatures living on land such as ourselves. Perhaps the question is: how bad can it get? In that case, terrestrial Permian-Triassic mass extinctions are an irresistible worst-case scenario [1].

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Necrotic enteritis and antibiotic-free production of broiler chickens:Challenges in testing and using alternative products

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 288-298页

作者： Robert j.Moore School of Science RMIT University

The global trend towards raising broiler chickens without the use of in-feed antibiotics(IFAs) means that there is an ongoing need to develop alternative treatments capable of delivering the benefits that IFAs previously provided. IFAs supported the productivity performance of chickens and played a key role in maintaining their health. Necrotic enteritis(NE) is an important disease of broilers that affects health,productivity, and welfare, and was previously well controlled by IFAs. However, with the reduction in IFA use, NE is resurgent in some countries. Vaccines and various feed additives, including pre-, pro-, and postbiotics, phytobiotics, fatty acids, and phage therapies have been introduced as alternative methods of NE control. While some of these feed additives have specific activity against the NE pathogen, Clostridium perfringens, most have the more general goal of reinforcing gut health. Extensive reviews of the effects of many of these feed additives on gut health have been published recently. Hence, rather than cover previously well reviewed areas of research this review focuses on the challenges and pitfalls in undertaking experimental assessment of alternative NE treatments and translating laboratory research to real world commercial production settings. The review is based on the author's particular experience,reading, thoughts, and analysis of the available information and inevitably presents a particular understanding that is likely to be at odds with others thinking on these issues. It is put forward to stimulate thinking and discussion on the issues covered.

关键词： Necrotic enteritis Clostridium perfringens Vaccines Feed additive Farm management

Decoding the genetic program of micronucleus formation: linking chromosomal instability to human disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2840-2842页

作者： jörg Fahrer Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology Department of ChemistryRPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau67663 KaiserslauternGermany

A recent study by Adams and colleagues published in Nature unveiled more than one hundred genes that are involved in micronucleus formation,1 which is a biomarker for genomic instability and associated with aging,cancer,and other disorders.2 As an outstanding achievement,the authors identified DSCC1(DNA Replication And Sister Chromatid Cohesion 1)as a critical gene protecting against early developmental defects,genomic instability,reduced proliferative capacity,cohesinopathy-related phenotypes,and tumor development in vivo.

关键词： chromosomal linking Replication