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Insecticide toxicity associated with detoxification enzymes and genes related to transcription of cuticular melanization among color morphs of Asian citrus psyllid

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 843-852页

作者： Xue Dong Chen Torrence A. gill Chi D.Nguyen Nabil Killiny Kirsten S.Pelz-Stelinski Lukasz L.Stelinski Entomology and Nematology Department Citrus Research and Education CenterUniversity of FloridaLake AlfredFloridaUSA Environmental Horticulture Department Mid-Florida Research and Education CenterUniversity of FloridaApopkaFloridaUSA Plant Pathology Department Citrus Research and Education CenterUniversity of FloridaLake AlfredFloridaUSA

The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) is known to exhibit abdominal color polymorphisms. In the current study, susceptibility to four insecticides was compared among orange/yellow, blue/green and gray/brown color morphs of field collected D. citri. The LD50 values and 95% fiducial limits were quantified for each insecticide and color morph combination and ranged between 0.10 ng/μL (0.06-0.10) and 6.16 ng//μL (3.30-12.50). Second, we measured the detoxification enzyme activity levels of orange/yellow, blue/green and gray/brown color morphs for cytochrome P450, glutathione "S-transferase, and general esterase. The mean P450 activity (equivalent units) was significantly lower in gray/brown (0.152 ± 0.006) and blue/green morphs (0.149 ± 0.005) than in the orange/yellow morphs (0.179 ± 0.008). GST activity (/imol/min/mg protein) was significantly lower in the orange/yellow morph (299.70 ± 1.24) than gray/brown (350.86 ± 1.19) and blue/green (412.25 ±1.37) morphs. The mean EST activity (/xmol/min/mg protein) was significantly higher in blue/green (416.72±5.12) and gray/brown morphs (362.19 ± 4.69) than in the orange/yellow morphs (282.56 ± 2.93). Additionally, we analyzed the relative expression of assortment genes involved in cuticular melanization and basal immunity. The transcripts of Dopa Decarboxylase and Tyrosine Hydroxylase were expressed higher in blue/green and gray/brown than orange/yellow morphs. The transcription results paralleled the susceptibility of *** to organophosphate, neonicotinoid and pyrethroid insecticides. GST and EST activity may also be correlated with low levels of insecticide susceptibility. Cuticular melanization could be a factor for the development of resistance to insecticides among different color morphs.

关键词： cuticular melanization cytochrome P450 esterase gene expression glutathione .S-transferase insecticide susceptibility

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Repair of traumatic plasmalemmal damage to neurons and other eukaryotic cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第7期11卷 1033-1042页

作者： George D.Bittner Christopher S.Spaeth Andrew D.Poon Zachary S.Burgess Christopher H.Mc gill Department of Neuroscience The University of Texas at Austin

The repair（sealing） of plasmalemmal damage,consisting of small holes to complete transections,is critical for cell survival,especially for neurons that rarely regenerate cell *** first describe and evaluate different measures of cell *** measures,including morphological/ultra-structural observations,membrane potential,and input resistance,provide very ambiguous assessments of plasmalemmal *** contrast,measures of ionic current flow and dye barriers can,if appropriately used,provide more accurate *** describe the effects of various substances（calcium,calpains,cytoskeletal proteins,ESCRT proteins,m UNC-13,NSF,PEG） and biochemical pathways（PKA,PKC,PLC,Epac,cytosolic oxidation） on plasmalemmal sealing probability,and suggest that substances,pathways,and cellular events associated with plasmalemmal sealing have undergone a very conservative *** sealing,calcium ion influx mobilizes vesicles and other membranous structures（lysosomes,mitochondria,etc.） in a continuous fashion to form a vesicular plug that gradually restricts diffusion of increasingly smaller molecules and ions over a period of seconds to ***,we find no direct evidence that sealing occurs through the collapse and fusion of severed plasmalemmal leaflets,or in a single step involving the fusion of one large wound vesicle with the nearby,undamaged *** describe how increases in perikaryal calcium levels following axonal transection account for observations that cell body survival decreases the closer an axon is transected to the ***,we speculate on relationships between plasmalemmal sealing,Wallerian degeneration,and the ability of polyethylene glycol（PEG） to seal cell membranes and rejoin severed axonal ends – an important consideration for the future treatment of trauma to peripheral nerves.A better knowledge of biochemical pathways and cytoplasmic structures involved in plasmalemmal sealing might provide insights to develo

关键词： sealing traumatic eukaryotic vesicles axonal membranous closer biochemical vesicular muscular

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Potassium dihydrogen phosphate catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 2,4,5-triaryl-1H-imidazoles

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第4期21卷 429-432页

作者： Ratnadeep S.Joshi Priyanka G.Mandhane Mohammad U.Shaikh Rajesh P.Kale Charansingh H.gill Department of Chemistry Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada UniversityAurangabadMaharashtra 431 004India

A simple and efficient method has been developed;benzil/benzoin undergoes smooth condensation with various substituted aldehyde and ammonium acetate in the presence of potassium dihydrogen phosphate（KH;PO;） under mild reaction conditions to afford the corresponding trisubstituted imidazole in excellent *** method for synthesis of product,the reaction mixture was reflux in ethanol for 40-90 *** present method is simple,efficient,and cost-effective.

关键词： Potassium dihydrogen phosphate(KH_2PO_4) 2 4 5-Triaryl-1H-imidazole Benzil Benzoin Aldehyde Ammonium acetate

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Total hip arthroplasty preoperative planning for childhood hip disorders’sequelae:Focus on developmental dysplasia of the hip

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第12期15卷 1112-1117页

作者： Saran S gill Valerio Pace Faculty of Medicine Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics AOSP TerniTerni 05100Italy

Developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH)poses significant challenges in both childhood and adulthood,affecting up to 10 per 1000 live births in the United Kingdom and United *** newborn screening aims to detect DDH early,missed diagnoses can lead to severe complications such as hip dysplasia and early onset osteoarthritis in *** options range from less invasive procedures like hip-preserving surgery to more extensive interventions such as total hip arthroplasty(THA),depending on the severity of the *** planning plays a critical role in optimizing surgical outcomes for DDH patients undergoing *** includes accurate imaging modalities,precise measurement of acetabular bone stock,assessment of femoral head subluxation,and predicting prosthesis size and leg length *** advancements artificial intelligence and machine learning offer promising tools to enhance preoperative planning ***,challenges remain in validating these technologies and integrating them into clinical *** editorial highlights the importance of ongoing research to refine preoperative strategies and improve outcomes in DDH management through evidence-based approaches and technological innovations.

关键词： Developmental dysplasia of the hip Childhood hip disorders Total hip arthroplasty Total hip replacement Preoperative planning

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Computational Tools and Resources for CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第1期21卷 108-126页

作者： Chao Li Wen Chu Rafaqat Ali gill Shifei Sang Yuqin Shi Xuezhi Hu Yuting Yang Qamar U.Zaman Baohong Zhang Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430062China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081China Department of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA

The past decade has witnessed a rapid evolution in identifying more versatile clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)nucleases and their functional variants,as well as in developing precise CRISPR/Cas-derived genome *** programmable and robust features of the genome editors provide an effective RNAguided platform for fundamental life science research and subsequent applications in diverse scenarios,including biomedical innovation and targeted crop *** of the most essential principles is to guide alterations in genomic sequences or genes in the intended manner without undesired off-target impacts,which strongly depends on the efficiency and specificity of single guide RNA(sgRNA)-directed recognition of targeted DNA *** advances in empirical scoring algorithms and machine learning models have facilitated sgRNA design and off-target *** this review,we first briefly introduce the different features of CRISPR/Cas tools that should be taken into consideration to achieve specific ***,we focus on the computer-assisted tools and resources that are widely used in designing sgRNAs and analyzing CRISPR/Cas-induced on-and off-target ***,we provide insights into the limitations of available computational tools that would help researchers of this field for further ***,we suggest a simple but effective workflow for choosing and applying web-based resources and tools for CRISPR/Cas genome editing.

关键词： Genome editing Efficiency and specificity CRISPR/Cas9 sgRNA Computational tool Algorithm

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基于光谱特征指数与机器学习的矿区土壤煤源碳质量分数反演

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煤炭学报 2023年第7期48卷 2869-2880页

作者：聂小军赵星辉 AMMARa.gill 洪雯雯张合兵河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院河南焦作454003 河南农业大学林学院河南郑州450002

煤颗粒作为一种高碳有机质,即使少量扩散至土壤中便会以煤源碳的干扰形式导致土壤有机碳(植物源碳)质量分数的明显高估,从而增加土壤碳固存评估的不确定性。然而,目前缺少土壤煤源碳定量评估的有效方法。本研究以具有100多年无烟煤开采... 详细信息

煤颗粒作为一种高碳有机质,即使少量扩散至土壤中便会以煤源碳的干扰形式导致土壤有机碳(植物源碳)质量分数的明显高估,从而增加土壤碳固存评估的不确定性。然而,目前缺少土壤煤源碳定量评估的有效方法。本研究以具有100多年无烟煤开采历史、土壤中煤颗粒累积(煤累积土壤)普遍的河南焦作矿区为研究区,采集当地的煤粉与不含煤颗粒的土壤,配置煤源碳质量分数不同的土壤样品,利用高光谱遥感技术分析了矿区土壤的光谱特征。综合8种光谱数学变换方法和2种光谱特征筛选方法,构建了6种矿区土壤煤源碳质量分数反演模型,包括3种光谱特征指数(弓曲差、差值指数、比值指数)、3种机器学习(偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)、支持向量机(SVM)与随机森林(RF))模型。本研究也对最优反演模型的适用性进行了检验。研究发现:波长350~2 500 nm内,煤的光谱曲线特征明显不同于植物源有机质与不含煤颗粒的土壤,煤累积土壤的光谱反射率(R)随煤源碳质量分数的增加而减小,这为高光谱遥感技术定量反演土壤煤源碳提供了理论基础。在光谱特征筛选方面,综合竞争性自适应重加权采样法(CARS)提取出的煤源碳特征波段数远高于光谱特征指数相关系数法,而且特征波段在波长350~2 500 nm内分布均匀。原始光谱R经光谱数学变换后,构建的弓曲差、差值、比值光谱特征指数反演模型对土壤煤源碳质量分数的估测精度明显提升,其中,基于倒数1/R变换的差值指数模型反演效果最好。相较于光谱特征指数模型,结合CARS的机器学习模型对煤源碳质量分数的估测精度进一步提升。3种机器学习模型中,1/R-CARS-RF煤源碳质量分数反演模型的估测精度最高,验证集R_(m)~2=0.998、 RMSE=0.348、RPD=29.943。适用性检验表明,1/R-CARS-RF煤源碳质量分数反演模型的适用性良好(RMSE=1.88%、RPD=4.97),可以较准确地估测焦作矿区土壤中的煤源碳质量分数。本研究可为矿区土壤煤源与植物源碳区分、土壤碳固存精确评估提供方法支撑。

关键词：煤源碳土壤有机碳高光谱反演碳固存煤矿区

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Imperfection of Domain Knowledge and Its Formalization in Context of Design of Robust Software Systems

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2015年第9期8卷 489-498页

作者： Meenakshi Sridhar Naseeb Singh gill Department of Computer Science & Applications M.D. University Rohtak India

In this paper, it is emphasized that taking into consideration of imperfection of knowledge, of the team of the designers/developers, about the problem domains and environments is essential in order to develop robust software metrics and systems. In this respect, first various possible types of imperfections in knowledge are discussed and then various available formal/mathematical models for representing and handling these imperfections are discussed. The discussion of knowledge classification & representation is from computational perspective and that also within the context of software development enterprise, and not necessarily from organizational management, from library & information science, or from psychological perspectives.

关键词： Formal Methods in Software Engineering Imperfect Knowledge Formalizing Common Sense Formalizing Unconscious Knowledge

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Chlorine-modified SnO2 electron transport layer for high-efficiency perovskite solar cells

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InfoMat 2020年第2期2卷 401-408页

作者： Xiaodong Ren Yucheng Liu Dong Geon Lee Won Bin Kim gill Sang Han Hyun Suk Jung Shengzhong(Frank)Liu Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023ChinaUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100039China

A high-quality electron transport layer(ETL)is a critical component for the realization of high-efficiency perovskite solar *** developed a controllable direct-contact reaction process to prepare a chlorinated SnO2(SnO2-Cl)*** is unique in that(a)102-dichlorobenzene is used to provide more reactive Cl radicals for more in-depth passivation;(b)it does not introduce any impurities other than *** is found that the chlorine modification significantly improves the electron ***,its associated solar cell efficiency is increased from 17.01%to 17.81%comparing to the pristine SnO2 ETL without the *** hysteresis index is significantly reduced to 0.017 for the SnO2-Cl ETL.

关键词： chlorine-modified SnO2 electron transport layer perovskite solar cell surface passivation

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Electrocardiographic changes in Emphysema

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World Journal of Cardiology 2021年第10期13卷 533-545页

作者： Puneet Gupta Hitangee Jain Misbah gill Gurpreet Bharaj Nauman Khalid Waseem Chaudhry Lovely Chhabra Department of Interventional Cardiology Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityCantonOH 44272United States BA-MD Brooklyn CollegeBrooklynNY 11210United States Department of Family Medicine Memorial Hospital of CarbondaleCarbondaleIL 62901United States Psychiatry Loretto HospitalChicagoIL 60644United States Department of Interventional Cardiology St.Francis Medical CenterMonroeLA 71201United States Department of Cardiology Westchester Medical Center Network Advanced Physician ServicesPoughkeepsieNY 12601United States

Chronic obstructive lung disease(COPD),predominantly emphysema,causes several thoracic anatomical and hemodynamic changes which may cause changes in various electrocardiographic parameters.A 12-lead electrocardiogram(ECG),which is often a part of routine evaluation in most clinical settings,may serve as a useful screening modality for diagnosis of COPD or *** current article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the electrocardiographic changes encountered in COPD/emphysema utilizing published PubMed and Medline literature *** important ECG changes are present in COPD/emphysema and may serve as a good diagnostic *** of Pvector,changes in QRS duration,pattern recognition of precordial R-wave progression and axial shifts can be considered some of the most valuable markers among other *** conclusion,12-lead surface electrocardiogram can serve as a valuable tool for the diagnosis of COPD and/or *** appropriate knowledge of these ECG changes can not only help in the diagnosis but can also immensely help in an appropriate clinical management of these patients.

关键词： Emphysema Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Electrocardiogram Pwave axis Sensitivity Specific

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Truth and Consequences

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英语学习 1995年第6期 3-7页

作者： BRENDAN gill 贺鸥

She had straight blond hair and a red mouth,and she *** day she played golf and went swimming in the centerof a crowd of ***,sitting with his mother on the hotelporch,watched her and nodded while his mother repeated,"... 详细信息

关键词： Truth and Consequences 耶和华

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