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Scanning-slit topography in patients with keratoconus

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第11期10卷 1686-1692页

作者： László Módis Jr. gábor Németh Eszter Szalai Zsuzsa Flaskó Berthold Seitz Department of Ophthalmology University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science Center Debrecen 4032 Hungary Borsod-Abau-Zemplen County Hospital and University Teaching Hospital Miskolc 3526 Hungary Department of Ophthalmology Homburg Kemtoconus Center University of Saarland Homburg/Saar 66424 Germany

AIM： To evaluate the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces using scanning-slit topography and to determine the diagnostic ability of the measured corneal parameters in ***： Orbscan II measurements were taken in 39 keratoconic corneas previously diagnosed by corneal topography and in 39 healthy eyes. The central minimum, maximum, and astigmatic simulated keratometry（K） and anterior axial power values were determined. Spherical and cylindrical mean power diopters were obtained at the central and at the steepest point of the cornea both on anterior and on posterior mean power maps. Pachymetry evaluations were taken at the center and paracentrally in the 3 mm zone from the center at a location of every 45 degrees. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） analysis was used to determine the best cut-off values and to evaluate the utility of the measured parameters in identifying patients with ***： The minimum, maximum and astigmatic simulated K readings were 44.80±3.06 D, 47.17±3.67 D and 2.42±1.84 D respectively in keratoconus patients and these values differed significantly（P〈0.0001 for all comparisons） from healthy subjects. For all pachymetry measurements and for anterior and posterior mean power values significant differences were found between the two groups. Moreover, anterior central cylindrical power had the best discrimination ability（area under the ROC curve=0.948）.CONCLUSION： The results suggest that scanning-slit topography and pachymetry are accurate methods both for keratoconus screening and for confirmation of the diagnosis.

关键词： keratoconus Orbscan topography pachymetry

LINKINg CONSTRUCTIVE AND ENERgY INNOVATIONS FOR A NET ZERO-ENERgY BUILDINg

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Journal of green Building 2020年第1期15卷 153-184页

作者： E.Pujadas-gispert C.C.Korevaar M.Alsailani S.P.g.Moonen Postdoc Department of the Built EnvironmentInnovative Structural DesignEindhoven University of Technology Master Student Innovative Structural DesignEindhoven University of Technology. Master Student Building Physics and ServicesEindhoven University of Technology. Associate Professor Department of the Built EnvironmentInnovative Structural DesignEindhoven University of Technology

This article explains the design,construction and energy strategies of LINQ,a net-zero energy building that was successfully entered into the Solar Decathlon Middle East 2018 held in *** of engineering,building physics,architecture and urban planning designed,built and operated *** is mainly powered by solar energy and made of *** of LINQ’s innovations are the ventilated façade with customizable bio-based tiles,the indirect evaporative water cooling system,and the light building integrated photovoltaic-thermal *** sent more energy to the grid than it drew throughout the ***,energy production could have been improved according to simulations and technical *** is a good example of current and future building expectations-combining multiple criteria,strategies,and solutions-to contribute to environmental,social and economic sustainability.

关键词： indirect evaporative cooling system bio-based materials building integrated photovoltaic-thermal system solar-powered building thermal mass energy-efficient building Solar Decathlon

Laboratory testing of a shuttle car canopy air curtain for respirable coal mine dust control

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第3期5卷 305-314页

作者： W. R. Reed Y. Zheng M. Yekich g. Ross A. Salem Pittsburgh Mining Research Division Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 626 Cochrans Mill Rd. PittsburghPA 15236 USA J.H. Fletcher Inc. Huntington WV USA Marshall University Huntington WV USA

Canopy air curtain （CAC） technology has been developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health （NIOSH） for use on continuous miners and subsequently roof bolting machines in underground coal mines to protect operators of these machines from overexposure to respirable coal mine dust. The next logical progression is to develop a CAC for shuttle cars to protect operators from the same overexposures. NIOSH awarded a contract to Marshall University and J.H. Fletcher to develop the shuttle car CAC. NIOSH conducted laboratory testing to determine the dust control efficiency of the shuttle car CAC. Testing was conducted on two different cab configurations： a center drive similar to that on a Joy 10SC32AA cab model and an end drive similar to that on a Joy 10SC32AB cab model. Three different ventilation velocities were tested-0.61, 2.0, 4.3 rrds （120, 400, and 850 fpm）. The lowest, 0.61 m/s （120 fpm）, represented the ventilation velocity encountered during loading by the continuous miner, while the 4.3 m/s （850 fpm） velocity represented ventilation velocity airflow over the shuttle car while tramming against ventilation airflow. Test results showed an average of the dust control efficiencies ranging from 74 to 83% for 0.61 m/s （120 fpm）, 39%-43% for 2.0 m/s （400 fpm）, and 6%-16% for 4.3 m/s （850 fpm）. Incorporating an airflow spoiler to the shuttle car CAC design and placing the CAC so that it is located 22.86 cm （9 in.） forward of the operator improved the dust control efficiency to 51%-55% for 4.3 m/s （850 fpm） with minimal impact on dust control efficiencies for lower ventilation velocities. These laboratory tests demonstrate that the newly developed shuttle car CAC has the potential to successfully protect shuttle car operators from coal mine respirable dust overexposures.

关键词： Shuttle car Canopy air curtain Dust Airflow Coal mining

Time and reference frequency transfer over 850 nm VCSEL for digital telecommunication network synchronization

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Optoelectronics Letters 2019年第3期15卷 209-212页

作者： g.M.Isoe S.Wassin A.W.R.Leitch T.B.gibbon Centre for Broadband Communication Nelson Mandela University

Accurate time transfer and synchronization between different network nodes is a key functional requirement in digital communication. Developments in optical fiber-based frequency dissemination techniques have improved optical frequency stability over time to much lower levels. In this work, we experimentally present the reference frequency transfer employing 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting laser(VCSEL) over 100.3 m OM3 multimode fiber for synchronization of clocks on networked devices such as servers and racks/pod at different data center network nodes. A low-cost power-efficient multimode VCSEL with central wavelength at 844.26 nm is directly modulated with a 2 gHz reference frequency(RF) clock signal, and transferred over 100.3 m of OM3 multimode fiber. The single side band(SSB) phase noise of-104.62 dBc/Hz and-100.70 dBc/Hz is experimentally measured at back-to-back(B2 B) and 100.3 m OM3 multimode fiber transmission respectively at a 1 kHz frequency offset. The jitter stability of 0.14 ps and 0.15 ps is experimentally achieved at B2 B and 100.3 m fiber transmission, respectively. This work provides an alternative viable approach for the development of time keeping devices in high-speed short-reach optical communication systems.

关键词： VCSEL

grain boundary engineering with nano-scale InSb producing high performance In_(x)Ce_(y)Co_(4)Sb_(12+z)skutterudite thermoelectrics

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Journal of Materiomics 2017年第4期3卷 273-279页

作者： Han Li Xianli Su Xinfeng Tang Qingjie Zhang Ctirad Uher g.Jeffrey Snyder Umut Aydemir State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Department of Physics University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Chemistry Koc UniversitySariyerIstanbul 34450Turkey

Thermoelectric semiconductors based on CoSb_(3)hold the best promise for recovering industrial or automotive waste heat because of their high efficiency and relatively abundant,lead-free constituent ***,higher efficiency is needed before thermoelectrics reach economic viability for widespread *** this study,n-type In_(x)Ce_(y)Co_(4)Sb_(12+z)skutterudites with high thermoelectric performance are produced by combining several phonon scattering mechanisms in a panoscopic *** melt spinning followed by spark plasma sintering(MS-SPS),bulk In_(x)Ce_(y)Co_(4)Sb_(12+z)alloys are formed with grain boundaries decorated with nano-phase of *** skutterudite matrix has grains on a scale of 100-200 nm and the InSb nano-phase with a typical size of 5e15 nm is evenly dispersed at the grain boundaries of the skutterudite *** with the presence of defects on the Sb sublattice,this multi-scale nanometer structure is exceptionally effective in scattering phonons and,therefore,InxCey-Co_(4)Sb_(12)/InSb nano-composites have very low lattice thermal conductivity and high zT values reaching in excess of 1.5 at 800 K.

关键词： Filled skutterudites Nanocomposite MS-SPS Thermoelectric properties

New therapeutic options opened by the molecular classification of gastric cancer

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2018年第18期24卷 1942-1961页

作者： Mihaela Chivu-Economescu Lilia Matei Laura g Necula Denisa L Dragu Coralia Bleotu Carmen C Diaconu Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology Nicolae Cajal Institute Titu Maiorescu University

gastric cancer(gC) is one of the most lethal and aggressive cancers, being the third cause of cancer related death worldwide. Even with radical gastrectomy and the latest generation of molecular chemotherapeutics, the numbers of recurrence and mortality remains high. This is due to its biological heterogeneity based on the interaction between multiple factors, from genomic to environmental factors, diet or infections with various pathogens. Therefore, understanding the molecular characteristics at a genomic level is critical to develop new treatment strategies. Recent advances in gC molecular classification provide the unique opportunity to improve gC therapy by exploiting the biomarkers and developing novel targeted therapy specific to each subtype. This article highlights the molecular characteristics of each subtype of gastric cancer that could be considered in shaping a therapeutic decision, and also presents the completed and ongoing clinical trials addressed to those targets. The implementation of the novel molecular classification system will allow a preliminary patient selection for clinical trials, a mandatory issue if it is desired to test the efficacy of a certain inhibitor to the given target. This will represent a substantial advance as well as a powerful tool for targeted therapy. Nevertheless, translating the scientific results into new personalized treatment opportunities is needed in order to improve clinical care, the survival and quality of life of patients with gC.

关键词： gastric cancer Molecular classification Immunotherapy Targeted therapy Clinical trials

growth of single crystals in the (Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2))TiO_(3)-(Sr_(1-x)Ca_(x))TiO_(3) system by solid state crystal growth

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2021年第5期10卷 973-990页

作者： Phan gia LE Huyen Tran TRAN Jong-Sook LEE John g.FISHER Hwang-Pill KIM Wook JO Won-Jin MOONC School of Materials Science and Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-roBuk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology50 UNIST-gilEonyang-eupUlju-gunUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Korea Basic Science Institute Gwangju Center77 Yongbong-roBuk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea

Ceramics based on(Na_(1/2)B_(1/2))TiO_(3) are promising candidates for actuator applications because of large strains generated by an electric field-induced phase *** example,the(1-x)(Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2))TiO_(3)-xSrTiO_(3) system exhibits a morphotropic phase boundary at x=0.2-0.3,leading to high values of inverse piezoelectric constant d_(33),which can be further improved by the use of single *** our previous work,single crystals of (Na_(1/2)B_(1/2))TiO_(3)-SrTiO_(3) and (Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2))TiO_(3)-TiO_(3) were grown by the solid state crystal growth *** in the(Nai/2Bi/2)TiO3-SrTiO3 system was sluggish whereas the (Na_(1/2)B_(1/2))TiO_(3)-CaTiO_(3) single crystals grew *** the present work,0.8(Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2))Ti0_(3)-0.2(Sr_(1-x)Ca_(x))Ti0_(3) single crystals(with x=0.0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)were produced by the solid state crystal growth technique in an attempt to improve crystal growth *** dependence of mean matrix grain size,single crystal growth distance,and electrical properties on the Ca concentration was investigated in *** investigations indicated that at x=0.3 the matrix grain growth was suppressed and the driving force for single crystal growth was *** Sr with Ca increased the shoulder temperature T_(s) and temperature of maximum relative permittivity T_(max),causing a decrease in inverse piezoelectric properties and a change from normal to incipient ferroelectric behavior.

关键词： (Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2))TiO_(3) lead-free piezoelectric single crystal microstructure electrical properties

A carbon- and oxygen-isotope record of recent environ- mental change from Qinghai Lake, NE Tibetan Plateau

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第14期48卷 1463-1468页

作者： A.C.g.Henderson J.A.Holmes ZHANgJiawu M.J.Leng L.R.Carvalho EnvironmentalChangeResearchCentre(ECRC) DepartmentofGeographyUniversityCollegeLondon26BedfordWayLondonWC1H0APUK CenterforAridEnvironmentandPaleoclimateResearch NationalLaboratoryofWesternChina'sEnvironmentalSystemsLanzhouUniversityLanzhou730000China NERCIsotopegeosciencesLaboratory(NIgL) BritishGeologicalSurveyKeyworthNottingham.NG125GGUK Presentaddress:CentreforEcologyandHydrology(CEH) EdinburghBushEstatePenicuikMidlothianEH260OB.UK

A c. 300-year oxygen and carbon isotope record derived from fine-grained and ostracod carbonate from Qinghai Lake testifies to dramatic interannual tointerdecadal limnological change. Fine-grained carbonates, which are mainly authigenic, are likely to have formed in the epilimnion of the lake and their isotopic composition reflects the summer temperature and, more importantly, the isotopic composition of the near-surface waters, which is mainly a function of evaporative concentration. Ostracod shells are secreted in the benthos of the lake, and their isotopic composition reflects summer bottom-water conditions, together with fractionation effects, which may differ between species. Differences betweencontemporaneous values from authigenic carbonates and ostracod shells may provide an indication of stratification within the lake and variations in effective precipitation over the northeast part of the Tibetan Plateau over the past 300 years. A period of moderate evaporative concentration, from about 300 to 100 yr BP, was interrupted by a marked wet phase from ～100 to 40 yr BP, which was in turnfollowed by a return to drier conditions in the most recent part of the *** increase in ? 18O values in the latter part of the record accords well withinstrumental records of lake-level lowering and salinity increase since about 1955 AD.

关键词：中国西藏东北部环境变化碳同位素氧同位素季风古气候青海湖

Sodium variability is associated with increased mortality in severe burn injury

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第4期5卷 243-248页

作者： Soman Sen Nam Tran Brian Chan Tina L. Palmieri David g. greenhalgh Kiho Cho Department of Surgery Division of Burn Surgery University of California Davis 2425 Stockton Blvd. Suite 718 Sacramento CA 95817 USA

Background:Dysnatremias are associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients. Hypernatremia in burn patients is also associated with poor survival. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that high plasma sodium variability is a marker for increased mortality in severely burn-injured patients. Methods:We performed a retrospective review of adult burn patients with a burn injury of 15%total body surface area (TBSA) or greater from 2010 to 2014. All patients included in the study had at least three serum sodium levels checked during admission. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine if hypernatremia, hyponatremia, or sodium variability independently increased the odds ratio (OR) for death. Results:Two hundred twelve patients met entry criteria. Mean age and%TBSA for the study was 45 ± 18 years and 32 ± 19%. Twenty-nine patients died for a mortality rate of 14%. Serum sodium was measured 10,310 times overall. The median number of serum sodium measurements per patient was 22. Non-survivors were older (59 ± 19 vs. 42 ± 16 years) and suffered from a more severe burn injury (50 ± 25%vs. 29 ± 16%TBSA). While mean sodium was significantly higher for non-survivors (138 ± 3 milliequivalents/liter (meq/l)) than for survivors (135 ± 2 meq/l), mean sodium levels remained within the laboratory reference range (135 to 145 meq/l) for both groups. Non-survivors had a significantly higher median number of hypernatremic (>145 meq/l) measurements (2 vs. 0). Coefficient of variation (CV) was significantly higher in non-survivors (2.85 ± 1.1) than survivors (2.0 ± 0.7). Adjusting for TBSA, age, ventilator days, and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, a higher CV of sodium measurements was associated with mortality (OR 5.8 (95%confidence interval (CI) 1.5 to 22)). Additionally, large variation in sodium ranges in the first 10 days of admission may be associated with increased mortality (OR 1.35 (95%CI 1.06 to1.7)). Conclusions:Increased variability in plas

关键词： Sodium Burns Critical illness Ions Hypernatremia Hyponatremia