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Stepping up after spinal cord injury:negotiating an obstacle during walking

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1919-1929页

作者： Alain Frigon Charly g.Lecomte Department of Pharmacology-Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitéde SherbrookeCentre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada

Every day walking consists of frequent voluntary modifications in the gait pattern to negotiate *** spinal cord injury,stepping over an obstacle becomes *** over an obstacle requires sensorimotor transformations in several structures of the brain,including the parietal cortex,premotor cortex,and motor *** information and planning are transformed into motor commands,which are sent from the motor cortex to spinal neuronal circuits to alter limb trajectory,coordinate the limbs,and maintain *** spinal cord injury,bidirectional communication between the brain and spinal cord is disrupted and animals,including humans,fail to voluntarily modify limb trajectory to step over an ***,in this review,we discuss the neuromechanical control of stepping over an obstacle,why it fails after spinal cord injury,and how it recovers to a certain extent.

关键词： biomechanics locomotion neurophysiology obstacle negotiation spinal cord injury

An SPH Framework for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of geotechnical Structures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski g.V.Ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure la.g. deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A sta.g.red discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

Heterogeneous particle structure formation during post-crystallization of spray-dried powder

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Particuology 2016年第4期14卷 72-79页

作者： Nima Yazdanpanah Tim a.g. La.g.ish School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney 2006. NSW. Australia

The formation of heterogeneous particle structure in skim milk powder has been investigated in a post- crystallization facility using experimental and a mathematical model. Various processing conditions were used to produce these heterogeneous structures. The experimental process parameters were used as initial and boundary conditions for the model. The modelled data agreed well with the experimental data. The experimental and modelling results show that the powder processed at high water activity （aw = 0.7） with low initial moisture content （X0 = 0.01 kg/kg） developed a crystalline surface layer while the core of the particle remained amorphous. This structure is referred to as an egg-shell structure. The powder that was processed at low water activity （αw = 0.1） with high initial moisture content （X0 = 0.2 kg/kg） developed a crystalline core while the surface of the particle remained amorphous. This structure is referred to as an egg-yolk structure. Understanding the dependency of particle microstructures on the processing conditions could be useful when developing procedures to control the drying equipment because the particle microstructure affects the physicochemical properties of the powder and potential applications and behaviour of the powder.

关键词： Heterogeneous structure Microstructure modification Post-crystallization Phase cha.g. Complex domain matrix

Chemical leaching of an Indian bituminous coal and characterization of the products by vibrational spectroscopic techniques

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第4期19卷 279-283页

作者： B. Manoj a.g. Kunjomana Department of Physics Christ University Research and Development Centre Bharathiar University

High volatile bituminous coal .was demineralized by a chemical method. The vibrations of the ＂aromatics＂ structure of graphite, crystalline or non-crystalline, were observed in the spectra at the 1600 cm-1 region. The band at 1477 cm-1 is assigned as VR band, the band at 1392 cm-1 as VL band and the band at 1540 cm-1 as gR band. graphite structure remains after chemical leaching liberates oxygenated functional groups and mineral groups. The silicate bands between 1010 and 1100 cm-1 are active in the infrared （IR） spec^urn but inactive in the Raman spectrum. Absorption arising from C-H stretching in alkenes occurs in the region of 3000 to 2840 cm-~. Raman bands because of symmetric stretch of water molecules were also observed in the spectrum at 3250 cm-1 and 3450 cm-1. Scanning electron microscopy analy- sis revealed the presence of a.g.aphite layer on the surface. Leaching of the sample with hydrofluoric acid decreases the mineral phase and increases the carbon content. The ash content is reduced by 84.5wt% with leaching from its initial value by mainly removing aluminum and silicate containing minerals.

关键词： bituminous coal characterization graphite leaching vibrational spectroscopy

Influence of Te doping on the dielectric and optical properties of InBi crystals grown by directional freezing

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第5期21卷 503-509页

作者： C.J. Ajayakumar a.g. Kunjomana Crystal Research Centre Department of PhysicsChrist University

Stoichiometric pure and tellurium （Te） doped indium bismuthide （InBi） were grown using the directional freezing technique in a fabricated furnace. The X-ray diffraction profiles identified the crystallinity and phase composition. The surface topographical features were observed by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The energy dispersive analysis by X-rays was performed to identify the atomic proportion of elements. Studies on the temperature dependence of dielectric constant （e）, loss ta.g.nt （tan6）, and AC conductivity （cry） reveal the existence of a ferroelectric phase transition in the doped material at 403 K. When InBi is doped with tellurium （4.04 at%）, a band gap of 0.20 eV can be achieved, and this is confirmed using Fourier transform infrared studies. The results thus show the conversion of semimetallic InBi to a semiconductor with the optical properties suitable for use in infrared detectors.

关键词： crystals indium bismuthide tellurium doping optical properties dielectric properties phase transitions

Bioelectronic medicine in modulation of cortical spreading depolarization and beyond

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 481-482页

作者： Khaled Alok Timothy g.White Chunyan Li Department of Neurosurgery Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA Translational Brain Research Laboratory The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNYUSA

Bioelectronic interventions,specifically trigeminal nerve st imulat ion(TNS),have attracted considerable attention in conditions where cortical spreading depolarizations(CSDs)accompanied by compromised cerebral perfusion may exacerbate neurological *** pharmacological interventions have demonstrated initial potential in addressing CSDs,a standardized treatment approach has not yet been *** objective of this perspective is to explore emerging bioelectronic methodologies for addressing CSDs,particularly emphasizing TNS,and to underscore TNS’s capacity to enhance neurovascular coupling and cerebral perfusion.

关键词： cerebral perfusion electronic

Impact of Zika virus non-structural protein mutations on hippocampal damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Larissa M.g.Cassiano Roney S.Coimbra Neurogenômica/Imunopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in ***,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNS)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.

关键词： damage fetal neonatal

Analysis of a Linear Sampling Method for Identification of Obstacles

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2005年第3期21卷 399-404页

作者： a.g. Ramm Semion gutman Department of Mathematics Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506-2602 USA Department of Mathematics University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA

Some difficulties are pointed out in the methods for identification of obstacles based on the numerical verification of tile inclusion of a function in the ra.g. of an operator. Numerical examples are given to illustrate theoretical conclusions. Alternative methods of identification of obstacles are mentioned： the Support Function Method （SFM） and the Modified Rayleigh Conjecture （MRC） method.

关键词： Inverse scattering obstacle identification support function method modified Rayleigh conjecturemethod linear sampling method,

On the friction effects on rigid-body penetration in concrete and aluminium-alloy ta.g.ts

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第4期15卷 576-581页

作者： C.g. Chai a.g. Pi Q.M. Li F.L. Huang Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang Sichuan 621900 China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil Engineering University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK

The friction on the projectile shank is usually excluded in the penetration analysis due to the difficulties to measure the pressure and frictional *** this article,the frictional force on projectile shank is discussed indirectly through the comparison between experimental data and empirical/analytical formulas of the penetration depth for both concrete and aluminium-alloy *** is found that the effect of the frictional force along the projectile shank can be further discussed by the afore comparison and discussion and cannot be ignored because of the relatively la.g. effecting area,especially for deep penetration of concrete and aluminium-alloy ta.g.ts,where the friction will account for more proportion of penetration resistance.

关键词： Penetration Friction Concrete Aluminium