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轻金属 1982年第7期 36-39页

作者： a.furman 俞勤德

研究目的密闭带盖炉的操作是控制每个炉室炉盖下面燃烧气体的温度Ts;从炉箱内部得不到直接信息。本文目的是研究一种数学模型来模拟这种炉子的热现象学。将随时间变化的温度Ts

关键词：燃烧气体导热系数步长焦子炉盖热导率热力学性质步幅灵敏性分析试验模型数学模型垂直温度梯度阳极焙烧窑焙烧炉

巴拉尼《急性单侧前庭病/前庭神经炎诊断标准》编译

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听力学及言语疾病杂志 2024年第5期32卷 478-481页

作者：金占国王恩彤空军特色医学中心航空航天眩晕诊疗研究中心北京100142 首都医科大学电力教学医院(国家电网公司北京电力医院)耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

急性单侧前庭病(acute unilateral vestibulopathy,AUVP)也称前庭神经炎(vestibular neuritis,VN),为一种急性前庭综合征(acute vestibular syndrome,AVS)。该病虽为较常见的外周性眩晕疾病,但一直以来缺少统一的诊断标准,临床上易被误诊误治。2022年10月巴拉尼协会发布了AUVP/VN的诊断标准(以下简称《标准》),现就该标准进行编译,以加深相关专业医师对该病的认识。

关键词：前庭神经炎诊断标准专业医师误诊误治外周性眩晕前庭病编译

Impact of artificial intelligence in the management of esophageal,gastric and colorectal malignancies

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第2期5卷 1-14页

作者： Ayrton Bangolo Nikita Wadhwani Vignesh K Nagesh Shraboni Dey Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran Izage Kianifar Aguilar Auda Auda Aman Sidiqui Aiswarya Menon Deborah Daoud James Liu Sai Priyanka Pulipaka Blessy George Flor furman Nareeman Khan Adewale Plumptre Imranjot Sekhon Abraham Lo Simcha Weissman Department of Internal Medicine Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Department of Medicine Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States

The incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies has increased over the past decade at an alarming *** and gastric cancers are the third and fifth most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide but are cited as the second and third leading causes of *** institution of appropriate therapy from timely diagnosis can optimize patient *** intelligence(AI)-assisted diagnostic,prognostic,and therapeutic tools can assist in expeditious diagnosis,treatment planning/response prediction,and post-surgical *** can intercept neoplastic lesions in their primordial stages,accurately flag suspicious and/or inconspicuous lesions with greater accuracy on radiologic,histopathological,and/or endoscopic analyses,and eliminate over-dependence on ***-based models have shown to be on par,and sometimes even outperformed experienced gastroenterologists and *** neural networks(state-of-the-art deep learning models)are powerful computational models,invaluable to the field of precision *** models not only reliably classify images,but also accurately predict response to chemotherapy,tumor recurrence,metastasis,and survival rates *** this systematic review,we analyze the available evidence about the diagnostic,prognostic,and therapeutic utility of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal oncology.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Gastrointestinal malignancies Machine learning Helicobacter pylori State-of-the-art deep learning models

Therapeutics involved in managing initial and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection:An updated literature review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2024年第5期15卷 1-14页

作者： Vignesh K Nagesh Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran Daniel Elias Izage Kianifar Aguilar Tanni Sethi AiswaryaMenon Charlene Mansour Florchi furman Kylie Tsotsos Talia Subar Auda Auda Aman Sidiqui JevonLamar Nikita Wadhwani Shraboni Dey Abraham Lo Adam Atoot Simcha Weissman Humberto Sifuentes Ayrton I Bangolo Department of Internal Medicine Hackensack Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Department of Gastroenterology Augusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912United States

Clostridium difficile infection(CDI)has been increasing due to the effect of recurrent *** use of antibiotics has been shown to alter the gut microbiome and lead to *** treatment is limited to three major antibiotics;however,the incidence of recurrent CDIs has been increasing and drug resistance is a major *** aspect is a growing concern in modern medicine especially in the elderly population,critical care patients,and immunocompromised individuals who are at high risk of developing *** difficile can lead to various complications including septic shock and fulminant colitis that could prove to be lethal in these *** modalities of treatment have been developed including bezlotoxumab,a monoclonal antibody and fecal microbiota *** have been studies showing asymptomatic carriers and drug resistance posing a major threat to the healthcare *** treatment options are being studied to treat and prevent *** review will provide an insight into the current treatment modalities,prevention and newer modalities of treatment and challenges faced in the treatment of CDIs.

关键词： Clostridium difficile Antibiotics Vancomycin Fidaxomicin Prevention Bezlotoxumab Fecal microbiota transplant

Soil Properties and Plant Growth Response to Litter in a Prolonged Enclosed Grassland of Loess Plateau, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第5期30卷 1041-1048页

作者： Yunwu Xiong Bing Yu Mengting Bai Xueyang Zhang Guanhua Huang Alex furman College of Water Resources & Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel

The enclosure and ungrazing practices for grassland management result in accumulation of plant litter on soil surface thus affecting the available soil water and nutrients for plant production. We experimentally investigated the effects of litter on soil properties and plant growth in a prolonged enclosure grassland of Loess Plateau, China. Three different litter manipulations were conducted including removal of all litter, an untreated in-situ control with original litter levels, and a double litter treatment. Litter treatment experiments demonstrated that plant litter affected the superficial soil water. Soil water content in plots with in-situ or double litter is generally higher than that with litter removal. The depletion of soil water up to five days post rainfall is fastest in litter removal plots for the top soil, but no evident difference for the deep ones. Different litter treatments have no significant impact on soil total carbon, nitrogen as well as carbon/nitrogen ratio for consecutive two years experiments. Both above-and below-ground biomasses in plots of litter removal were less than those in the plots of in-situ and double litter treatment. Litter affects plant production mainly through the mechanical barrier regulating root zone soil moisture. Therefore, prolonged litter manipulation experiments are desirable to understand the long-term response of plant growth on litter from nutrient aspect.

关键词： soil moisture ungrazed grassland Stripa bungeana litter manipulation

Fiscal Policy Remains Critical for Much of the World Economy

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博鳌观察 2016年第4期 23-28,7页

作者： Jason furman Jay C.Shambaugh Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) the Council of Economic Advisers

In terms of GDP and unemployment, the US's recovery from the crisis wasrelatively rapid. This was in large part due to forceful fiscal policy conducted bythe Obama Administration. This column surveys the lessons for o... 详细信息

关键词： Fiscal Policy Remains Critical for Much of the World Economy World Figure GDP

Human enamel thickness and ENAM polymorphism

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International Journal of Oral Science 2016年第2期8卷 93-97页

作者： Diane M Daubert Joanna L Kelley Yuriy G Udod Carolina Habor Chris G Kleist Ilona K furman Igor N Tikonov Willie J Swanson Frank A Roberts Department of Periodontics University of Washington Center for Reproductive Biology and School of Biological Sciences Washington State University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington

The tooth enamel development gene, enamelin （ENAM）, showed evidence of positive selection during a genome-wide scan of human and primate DNA for signs of adaptive evolution. The current study examined the hypothesis that a single-nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） C14625T （rs7671281） in the ENAM gene identified in the genome-wide scan is associated with a change in enamel phenotype. African Americans were selected as the target population, as they have been reported to have a target SNP frequency of approximately 50%, whereas non-Africans are predicted to have a 96% SNP frequency. Digital radiographs and DNA samples from 244 teeth in 133 subjects were analysed, and enamel thickness was assessed in relation to SNP status, controlling for age, sex, tooth number and crown length. Crown length was found to increase with molar number, and females were found to have thicker enamel. Teeth with larger crowns also had thicker enamel, and older subjects had thinner enamel. Linear regression and generalized estimating equations were used to investigate the relationship between enamel thickness of the mandibular molars and ENAM SNP status; enamel in subjects with the derived allele was significantly thinner （P= 0.040） when the results were controlled for sex, age, tooth number and crown length. The derived allele demonstrated a recessive effect on the phenotype. The data indicate that thinner dental enamel is associated with the derived ENAM genotype. This is the first direct evidence of a dental gene implicated in human adaptive evolution as having a phenotypic effect on an oral structure.

关键词： enamel genetics polymorphisms tooth development

A Mosaic Pattern of Scattered Human Remains

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2019年第1期7卷 18-23页

作者： Haim Cohen Michal Peer Maya.furman Chen Kugel National Center of Forensic Medicine Tel Aviv Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel

Human skeletal remains were found in a sandy area in the western part of Israel. Owing to their scattered nature, multiple analyses were required to confirm that they belonged to the same individual. The analyses were completed by estimating the age and sex of each bone, if possible, as well as its probable articulation and relative site location. The probable articulation was found to be largely insufficient here owing to low and moderate confidence in the state of the bones that were found and the significant signs of postmortem scavenging. Sex estimation analysis of different aspects of the bones revealed various mixed or “mosaic” results. This case exemplifies a usage of numerous analytical methods in order to relate unduplicated scattered remains, found at a long distance, to a single individual.

关键词： Scattered Anthropology Scavenging

Parkin Somatic Mutations Link Melanoma and Parkinson's Disease

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第6期43卷 369-379页

作者： Lotan Levin Shani Srour Jared Gartner Oxana Kapitansky Nouar Qutob Shani Dror Tamar Golan Roy Dayan Ronen Brener Tamar Ziv Mehdi Khaled Ora Schueler-furman Yardena Samuels Carmit Levy Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv University Surgery Branch National Cancer InstituteNIH Department of Molecular Cell Biology Weizmann Institute of Science Oncology Institute Edith Wolfson Medical Center Technion Smoler Proteomics Center Faculty of BiologyTechnion e Israel Institute of Technology Institut Gustave Roussy INSERM Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Institute for Medical Research Israel-CanadaFaculty of MedicineHebrew University

Epidemiological studies suggest a direct link between melanoma and Parkinson＇s disease（PD）; however, the underlying molecular basis is unknown. Since mutations in Parkin are the major driver of early-onset PD and Parkin was recently reported to play a role in cancer development, we hypothesized that Parkin links melanoma and PD. By analyzing whole exome/genome sequencing of Parkin from 246 melanoma patients, we identified five non-synonymous mutations, three synonymous mutations, and one splice region variant in Parkin in3.6% of the samples. In vitro analysis showed that wild-type Parkin plays a tumor suppressive role in melanoma development resulting in cell-cycle arrest, reduction of metabolic activity, and apoptosis. Using a mass spectrometry-based analysis, we identified potential Parkin substrates in melanoma and generated a functional protein association network. The activity of mutated Parkin was assessed by protein structure modeling and examination of Parkin E3 ligase activity. The Parkin-E28 K mutation impairs Parkin ubiquitination activity and abolishes its tumor suppressive effect. Taken together, our analysis of genomic sequence and in vitro data indicate that Parkin is a potential link between melanoma and Parkinson＇s disease. Our findings suggest new approaches for early diagnosis and treatment against both diseases.

关键词： Melanoma Parkinson's disease Parkin Mutation

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大量输血的并发症及输血反应

国外医学（输血及血液学分册） 1993年第5期16卷 300-302页

作者： Marco AP furman WR 陈鲳

围手术期输血问题是极端复杂的问题。对于应何时输血的新观点是针对病毒传播及输血的免疫效应两方面而产生的。为保护患者免于不必要输血的危险,应考虑患者的整体情况连同外科手术方式以及进一步失血可能性的大小,以便有助于指导决定若... 详细信息

围手术期输血问题是极端复杂的问题。对于应何时输血的新观点是针对病毒传播及输血的免疫效应两方面而产生的。为保护患者免于不必要输血的危险,应考虑患者的整体情况连同外科手术方式以及进一步失血可能性的大小,以便有助于指导决定若要输,输什么血液制品。过去那种“血细胞比容低于30%就应该输血”的所谓格言现已不再被人接受了。特别重要的问题是需要大量输血(估计为患者血容量的1.5倍以上)的病人,输入如此大量的血可以预计有一系列围手术期的凝血障碍、代谢性和免疫方面的并发症。

关键词：输血并发症输血反应