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From Concepts to Consistent Object Specifications:Translation of a Domain-Oriented Feature Framework into Practice

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2001年第3期16卷 208-230页

作者： Harald e. Otto CAD/CAM Research, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, 113-8656 Tokyo, Japan CAD/CAM Research University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

A steady increase in consumer demands, and severe constraints from both a somewhat damaged environment and newly installed government policies, require today's product design and development to be faster and more efficient than ever before, yet utilizing even fewer resources. New holistic approaches, such as total product life cycle modeling which embraces all aspects of a product's life cycle, are current attempts to solve these problems. Within the field of product design and modeling, feature technology has proved to be one very promising solution component. Owing to the tremendous increase in information technology, to transfer from low level data processing towards knowledge modeling and information processing is about to bring a change in almost every computerized application. From this viewpoint, current problems of both feature frameworks and feature systems are analyzed in respect to static and dynamic consistency breakdowns. The analysis ranges from early stages of designing (feature) concepts to final system implementation and application. Por the first time, an integrated view is given oil approaches, solutions and practical experience, with feature concepts and structures, providing both a feature framework and its implementation with sufficient system architecture and computational power to master a fair number of known consistency breakdowns, while providing for robust contexts for feature semantics and integrated models. Within today's heavy use of information technology these are pre-requisites if the full potential of feature technology is to be successfully translated into practice.

关键词： framework integration feature semantics conceptual structures model consistency

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Cardiac resynchronization therapy in the elderly heart failure patient

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2005年第2期2卷 84-88页

作者： George e. Taffet Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Sciences Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTexas USA.

Ms. BP is an 83 year old white female with a long history of congestive heart failure (HF). She is now symptomatic with minimal exertion, has a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVeF) of 20%. Her CHF is due to hypertension (HTN) plus coronary artery disease (CAD) and she is on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACeI), furosemide, digoxin,spironolactone, low dose beta blocker and nitrates. Her beta-natriuretic peptide (BNP) in clinic is 3030 pg/ml, heart rate (HR) 100, blood pressure (BP) 89/43.

关键词： CRT Cardiac resynchronization therapy in the elderly heart failure patient QRS CHF

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Multidisciplinary perspectives on mechanisms of activity of popular immune-enhancing herbal supplements used by athletes

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第1期8卷 78-100页

作者： David S. SeNCHINA Justus e. HALLAM David J. CHeNeY Department of Biology Drake University Des Moines IA 50311 USA Department of Kinesiology Iowa State-University Ames IA 50011 USA Mayo Clinic Rochester MN 55905 USA

This paper examines cellular and molecular mechanisms that may underpin the purported effects of five herbal supplements in the context of athlete immune function. Ginseng and echinacea are used frequently by athletes, whereas astragalus and elderberry are used infrequently and pequi is just emerging as a possible supplement. In vivo studies of these products on athlete immune function have yielded heterogeneous results, likely due to experimental design differences. Ginseng, echinacea, elderberry, and pequi are considered asterids sensu lato. Ginseng appears to exert strongest effects on components of adaptive immunity, in particular maintaining Thl/Th2 balance of CD4^4 T cells and their downstream effects, via its ginsenosides, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. echinacea alkamides, caffeic acid derivatives, and polysacchardies may target both innate and adaptive immunity, though perhaps the former more consistently. elderberry harbors anthocyanins and lectins which may modulate innate immunity. Data on pequi is limited but suggests that carotenoids, phenols, and fatty acids may alter circulating leukocyte populations. More phylogenetically distant, astragalus is a rosid sensu lato and may influence the innate immune system through flavonoids, polysaccharides, and saponins. Supplements generally demonstrate no effects on physiologic parameters such as lactate, oxygen dynamics, or athletic performance. Bioavailability studies indicate that purported bioactive molecules of these supplements may reach circulation in low but therapeutically-relevant quantities. Difficulties in cross- comparisons due to study design differences, coupled with an overall dearth of research on the topic, currently hamper any formal conclusions regarding the efficacy of these supplements as immunoregulators for athletes.

关键词： athlete dietary supplement exercise herb immunity mechanism

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Surface Properties of Fe_4N Compounds Layer on AISI 4340 Steel Modified by Pulsed Plasma Nitriding

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第3期29卷 287-290页

作者： J.C.Díaz-Guillén G.Vargas-Gutiérrez e.e.Granda-Gutiérrez J.S.Zamarripa-Pia S.I.Pérez-Aguilar J.Candelas-Ramírez L.lvarez-Contreras Centro de Investigacin en Materiales Avanzados S.C.Miguel de Cervantes 120Complejo Industrial ChihuahuaC.P.31109 ChihuahuaChihuahuaMexico Corporacin Mexicana de Investigacin en Materiales S.A.de C.V.Ciencia y Tecnología No 790Fracc.Saltillo 400C.P.25290 SaltilloCoahuilaMexico Centro de Investigacin y estudios Avanzados del IPN Unidad SaltilloCarretera Saltillo Monterrey km 13Apdo.Postal 663C.P.25000 SaltilloCoahuilaMexico

In this work, the effect of nitriding current density on hardness, crystalline phase composition, layer thickness and corrosion rate of AlSl 4340 steel has been studied. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that thin layers formed during nitriding process are constituted of 7-Fe4N for samples processed between 1 and 2.5 mA/cm2. Thickness of nitrided layer increases proportionally to current density （0 μm for 0.5 mA/cm2 to 15 pm for 2.5 mA/cm2）. Plasma nitriding increased the surface hardness from 300 HV50g for untreated sample, to around 800HV5og for nitrided samples at 1 mA/cm2. While the untreated samples exhibited a corrosion rate of 0.153 mm per year, the corrosion performance was improved up to 0.03 mm per year at current densities above 1 mA/cm2, which is about one fifth of the corrosion rate of the untreated sample.

关键词： Plasma nitriding Current density Hardness Corrosion

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Poorly differentiated carcinoma of the rectum with aberrant immunophenotype: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第44期13卷 5951-5953页

作者： A Giannopoulos I Papaconstantinou P Alexandrou A Petrou A Papalambros e Felekouras e Papalambros First Department of Surgery Athens Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens LAIKO General Hospital Greece

We report a case of a poorly differentiated epithelial tumour of the rectum with a highly pleomorphic morphology and an aberrant immunophenotype, including the expression of epithelial markers, the focal parameter of neuroendocrine differentiation, and the unexpected detection of CD-117 overexpression. A 69-year-old man was admitted to our clinic complaining of rectal bleeding and weight loss. Colonoscopy showed an ulcerative bleeding mass located about 8 cm from the anal verge. Abdominal and pelvis CT scans demonstrated a large low-density lesion with extracanalicular growth from the middle rectum, with local lymph-node spread, and without tumour infiltration of other pelvic organs, or evidence of distant intra-abdominal spread. The patient underwent a low anterior resection for rectal cancer together with wide resection of lymph nodes. In immunohistochemical analysis, pankeratin and epithelial Membrane Antigen (eMA) immunolabeling proved the epithelial nature of the tumor cells. Chromogranin A and Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA) were negative, whereas CD-56 expression was scanty and Neuron Specific enolase (NSA) was heavily and diffusely expressed. Ki67 immunoexpression was particularly increased. Interestingly, the intense c-kit immunoreactivity (100%) was a common feature. The above phenotypic and immunohistochemical profile was consistent with an anaplastic carcinoma of the large intestine, with focal neuroendocrine differentiation and diffuse immunoreactivity to c-kit protein. Given the resistance of this tumor to conventional chemotherapy and radiation, the incidence of the c-kit alteration may represent a novel approach to a gene-directed treatment using a c-kit inhibitor (STI571) similar to that which has been proposed in GISTs.

关键词： Rectal adenocarcinoma c-kit immunoreactivity Treatment

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Parameter optimization of microwave sintering porous Ti-23%Nb shape memory alloys for biomedical applications

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2018年第4期28卷 700-710页

作者： Mustafa K.IBRAHIM e.HAMZAH Safaa N.SAUD e.M.NAZIM A.BAHADOR Faculty of Mechanical engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Information Sciences and engineering Management & Science University

Porous Ti-23%Nb(mole fraction)shape memory alloys(SMAs)were prepared successfully by microwave sintering with excellent outer finishing(without space holder).The effects of microwave-sintering on the microstructure,phase composition,phase-transformation temperature,mechanical properties and shape-memory effect were *** results show that the density and size of porosity vary based on the sintering time and temperature,in which the smallest size and the most uniform pore shape are exhibited with Ti-23%Nb SMA after being sintered at 900°C for 30 *** microstructure of porous Ti-Nb SMA consists of predominantα',α,andβphases in needle-like and plate-like morphologies,and their volume fractions vary based on the sintering time and ***βphase represents the largest phase due to the higher content ofβstabilizer element with little intensities ofαandα'*** highest ultimate strength and its strain are indicated for the sample sintered at 900°C for 30 min,while the best superelasticity is for the sample sintered at 1200°C for 30 *** low-elastic modulus enables these alloys to avoid the problem of“stress shielding”.Therefore,microwave heating can be employed to sinter Ti-alloys for biomedical applications and improve the mechanical properties of these alloys.

关键词： biomedical Ti-23%Nb alloy microwave sintering microstructure transformation temperature mechanical properties

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Applications of Galilei Covariant electrodynamics to VacuumSubstratum Phenomena in Absolute Space and Time

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Journal of Systems engineering and electronics 1995年第4期6卷 59-85页

作者： H e. Wilhelm (AeD-Technologies, Thermopolis, WY 82443, U.S. A) AeD-Technologies Thermopolis WY 82443 U. S. A

The Galilei covariant generalizations of the eM field equations (1984) (including moving media), Schroedinger, and Dirac (1985, 1993) equations for inertial frames S(w) with substratum velocity w are re- viewed. By G-covariant electrodynamics, physical variables, e.g., rod length, clock rate, particle mass, momentum, and energy are G-invariants, determined by the object velocity v-w= vo=G-inv relative to the substratum frame, So(w=0) [v=object velocity relative to observer in S(w)] Galilean measurements using standard (i) contracted rods and (ii) retarded clocks, anisotropic light propagation, and conservation of eM energy and momentum in IFs S(w) are discussed. Fundamental experiments are formulated which permit measurement of substratum (w) induced eM and charge fields, the substratum velocity w, and verification of the G-invariance of the magnetic field, B= Bo=G-inv. The G-invariant Lagrangian and Hamiltonian of a charged particle in eM fields, and the momentum and energy conservation equations in Particle collisions are given for velocities |v-w|e eM Doppler effects for moving source or moving observer are shown to exhibit measurable substratum effects. The spectral lines from a recoiling atom exhibit superimposed Doppler and substratum (w) shifts. The measurable substratum effects in the (i) aberration of light and (ii) reflection of light from a moving mirror are evaluated. The eM fields of accelerated charges in the substratum flow w are given, and applied to the anisotropic emission of x-rays in IFs S(w). G-covariant electrodynamics is examined for subluminal and superluminal electron velocities. Both the Cerenkov effect in (i) dielectrics for Iv--wl> c(ro) and (ii) vacuum for |v-w| > co are relative to the substratum So, and demonstrate the anisotropy of the vacuum in IFs S(w). G-covariant electrodynamics (relative to substratum) contains Lorentz covariant electrodynamics (relative to observer) in the special case w = 0 (So).

关键词： Vacuum substratum Galilei covariance electrodynamics Quantum mechanics Substratum effects Substratum experiments Failure of special relativity.

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A Limited Area Model for Monsoon Prediction

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1990年第1期7卷 111-126页

作者： S.S.Singh S.S Vaidya e.N.Rajagopal Indian Instituteof Tropical Meteorology Pune-411005 IndiaIndian Instituteof Tropical Meteorology Pune-411005 IndiaIndian Instituteof Tropical Meteorology Pune-411005 India

A six level regional primitive equation model has been formulated and tested for monsoon prediction. The model uses dynamic normal mode initialization scheme for obtaining initial balance. The physical processes included are: the large scale condensation, the Kuo type of cumulus convection, the surface friction, the sensible heat supply and evaporation over the sea. The actual smooth orography is included. The model has been integrated for 48 hrs using input of 7 July and 8 August 1979 when the domain of integration was dominated by an intense monsoon depression. In order to investigate the model simulation of formative stage of the depression, the model was also integrated using input of 4 July ***, the envelope orography has been constructed and included in the model for investigating its effects on the monsoon prediction. Results of the model forecast are presented and discussed.

关键词： GMT mode

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effects of small additions of Zn on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of We43B Mg alloys

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第7期26卷 858-868页

作者： A.V. Koltygin V.e. Bazhenov R.S. Khasenova A.A. Komissarov A.I. Bazlov V.A. Bautin Foundry Department National University of Science and Technology “MISiS” Moscow 119049 Russia Laboratory of Hybrid Nanostructured Materials National University of Science and Technology “MISiS” Moscow 119049 Russia Laboratory of Advanced Green Materials National University of Science and Technology “MISiS” Moscow 119049 Russia Department of Metallurgy Steel New Production Technologies and Protection of Metals National University of Science and Technology “MISiS” Moscow 119049 Russia

Zn is a commonly used alloying element for Mg alloys owing to its beneficial effects on mechanical properties. To improve the mechanical and corrosion properties of We43B Mg alloys, the effects of 0–0.7wt% Zn addition on the microstructure and properties of sample alloys were investigated. Addition of Zn to as-cast We43B alloy promoted the formation of the Mg12Nd phase;by contrast, after T6 heat treatment, the phase composition of We43B alloys with and without Zn addition remained mostly the same. A long-period stacking ordered phase was predicted by CALPHAD calculation, but this phase was not observed in either the as-cast or heat-treated Zn-containing We43B alloys. The optimum temperature and duration of T6 heat treatment were obtained using CALPHAD calculations and hardness measurements. Addition of Zn resulted in a slight reduction in the average grain size of the as-cast and T6 heat-treated We43B alloys and endowed them with increased corrosion resistance with little effect on their mechanical properties.

关键词： magnesium alloys corrosion resistance mechanical properties Zn addition

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Langmuir Probe and Optical emission Spectroscopy Studies of Low-Pressure Gas Mixture of CO_2 and N_2

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Plasma Science and Technology 2010年第3期12卷 314-319页

作者： e.F.MeNDeZ-MARTINeZ P.G.ReYeS D.OSORIO-GONZALeZ F.CASTILLO H.MARTINeZ Faculty of Sciences Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Institute of Nuclear Sciences Autonomous National University of Mexico Institute of Physical Sciences Autonomous National University of Mexico

Optical emission spectroscopy was used to study a gas mixture glow discharge of CO2 and N2 at a total pressure of 1.2 Torr, a power of 100 W and a flow of 16.5 L/min. The emission bands were measured in the wavelength range of 200 nm to 900 nm. The principal species observed were O2^＋（A^2П→ X^2П）, CO^＋（A^2П→X^2∑）, N2^＋（B^2∑u＋ → X^2∑g^＋）, CO2^＋（A^2∏ → X^2∏）, N2（C^3∏u → B^3∏g）, O2（b^1∑g^＋→ X^3∑g^-）, and CO （a^r3∑→a^3∏）. The behavior of the band intensities as a function of the N2 percentage is consistent with recent Monte Carlo simulations. The electron temperature and ion density were determined by a double Langmuir probe. The electron temperature was found in the range of 1.55 eV to 2.93 eV, and the electron concentration in the order of 10^10 cm^-3. The electron temperature and ion density at pure N2 and pure CO2 agree with previous measurements.

关键词： optical emission spectroscopy glow discharge electron temperature CO2 N2

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