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Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease:an urgent research venue to follow

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2569-2570页

作者： raquel Jiménez-Herrera Ana Contreras Juan d.Navarro-López Lydia Jiménez-díaz Neurophysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

due to increasing life expectancy,the amount of people with dementia worldwide is expected to experience a substantial rise,with estimates indicating a growth from 55 million in 2019 to a staggering 139 million by the... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer predominant estimates

Optimized CUdA Implementation to Improve the Performance of Bundle Adjustment Algorithm on GPUs

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Journal of Software engineering and Applications 2024年第4期17卷 172-201页

作者： Pranay r. Kommera Suresh S. muknahallipatna John e. mcInroy department of electrical engineering and Computer Science University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming USA

The 3d reconstruction pipeline uses the Bundle Adjustment algorithm to refine the camera and point parameters. The Bundle Adjustment algorithm is a compute-intensive algorithm, and many researchers have improved its performance by implementing the algorithm on GPUs. In the previous research work, “Improving Accuracy and Computational Burden of Bundle Adjustment Algorithm using GPUs,” the authors demonstrated first the Bundle Adjustment algorithmic performance improvement by reducing the mean square error using an additional radial distorting parameter and explicitly computed analytical derivatives and reducing the computational burden of the Bundle Adjustment algorithm using GPUs. The naïve implementation of the CUdA code, a speedup of 10× for the largest dataset of 13,678 cameras, 4,455,747 points, and 28,975,571 projections was achieved. In this paper, we present the optimization of the Bundle Adjustment algorithm CUdA code on GPUs to achieve higher speedup. We propose a new data memory layout for the parameters in the Bundle Adjustment algorithm, resulting in contiguous memory access. We demonstrate that it improves the memory throughput on the GPUs, thereby improving the overall performance. We also demonstrate an increase in the computational throughput of the algorithm by optimizing the CUdA kernels to utilize the GPU resources effectively. A comparative performance study of explicitly computing an algorithm parameter versus using the Jacobians instead is presented. In the previous work, the Bundle Adjustment algorithm failed to converge for certain datasets due to several block matrices of the cameras in the augmented normal equation, resulting in rank-deficient matrices. In this work, we identify the cameras that cause rank-deficient matrices and preprocess the datasets to ensure the convergence of the BA algorithm. Our optimized CUdA implementation achieves convergence of the Bundle Adjustment algorithm in around 22 seconds for the largest dataset compared

关键词： Scene reconstruction Bundle Adjustment Levenberg-marquardt Non-Linear Least Squares memory Throughput Computational Throughput Contiguous memory Access CUdA Optimization

The CCd instrument background of the SmILe SXI

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earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 15-24页

作者： m.W.J.Hubbard O.Hetherington d.J.Hall T.W.Buggey S.Parsons T.Arnold A.Holland C.Pagani S.Sembay Centre for electronic Imaging The Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK X-ray and Observational Astronomy Group Department of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLE17RHUK

The eSA and CAS SmILe mission orbit is highly elliptical and will pass through multiple radiation *** Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)instrument aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close when the surrounding radiation flux is *** shutter door will close when passing below an altitude threshold to protect against trapped particles in the earth’s Van Allen ***,two radiation environments can be approximated based on the shutter door position:open and *** instrument background for the CCds(Charge-Coupled devices)that form the focal plane array of the SXI were evaluated for the two *** to the correlation of the space environment with the solar cycle,the solar minima and maxima,the background was also evaluated at these two *** results demonstrated that the highest instrument background will occur during solar minima due to the main contributing source being Galactic Cosmic rays(GCrs).It was also found that the open background was highest for solar minima and that the closed background was highest during solar *** is due to the radiation shutter door acting as a scattering centre and the changes in the energy flux distribution of the GCrs between the two solar extremes.

关键词： instrument background X-ray astronomy space radiation

mental health status among COVId-19 patients survivors of critical illness in Saudi Arabia:A 6-month follow-up questionnaire study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2560-2567页

作者： Abdullah m Alhammad Namareq F Aldardeer Abdulaziz Alqahtani mohammad H Aljawadi Bushra Alnefaie raghad Alonazi mansour Almuqbil Abdulrahman Alsaadon rakan m Alqahtani rashid Alballaa Bader Alshehri mohammed I Alarifi Fahad d Alosaimi department of Clinical Pharmacy College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia department of Pharmacy Services King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreJeddah 21499Saudi Arabia Corporate department of Pharmacy Services King Saud University Medical CityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia College of Pharmacy King Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia department of Critical Care medicine College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia department of Psychiatry College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia

BACKGrOUNd Psychological assessment after intensive care unit(ICU)discharge is increasingly used to assess patients'cognitive and psychological ***,few studies have examined those who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019(COVId-19).There is a paucity of data from the middle east assessing the post-ICU discharge mental health status of patients who had *** To evaluate anxiety and depression among patients who had severe *** This is a prospective single-center follow-up questionnaire-based study of adults who were admitted to the ICU or under ICU consultation for>24 h for *** patients were contacted via *** patient’s anxiety and depression six months after ICU discharge were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and depression Scale(HAdS).The primary outcome was the mean HAdS *** secondary outcomes were risk factors of anxiety and/or *** Patients who were admitted to the ICU because of COVId-19 were screened(n=518).Of these,48 completed the *** mean age was 56.3±17.2 *** patients(62.5%)were *** main comorbidities were endocrine(n=24,50%)and cardiovascular(n=21,43.8%)*** mean overall HAdS score for anxiety and depression at 6 months post-ICU discharge was 11.4(Sd±8.5).A HAdS score of>7 for anxiety and depression was detected in 15 patients(30%)and 18 patients(36%),*** from the multivariable ordered logistic regression demonstrated that vasopressor use was associated with the development of anxiety and depression[odds ratio(Or)39.06,95% confidence interval:1.309-1165.8;Pmonths after ICU discharge,30% of patients who had COVId-19 demonstrated a HAdS score that confirmed anxiety and *** compare the psychological status of patients following an ICU admission(with vs without COVId-19),further studies are warranted.

关键词： COVId-19 Critically ill Anxiety depression HAdS Saudi Arabia

Are population cycles recovering?

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 538-547页

作者： Vasily d.YAKUSHOV Boris I.SHeFTeL A.N.Severtsov Institute of ecology and evolution of the russian Academy of Sciences MoscowRussia

The dynamics of populations of small mammals of Central Siberia was *** studies were carried out at the Yenisei ecological station“mirnoye”of the *** Institute of ecology and evolution,russian Academy of *** time series analysis was performed by the wavelet transform using the statistical data processing language *** the 20th century,the dynamics of the population of the community and some of its constituent species(Sorex araneus;***;***;***;***;Craseomys rufocanus;Clethrionomys rutilus;microtus oeconomus;***)were characterized by a 4-year *** type of dynamics changed to noncyclic by the nineties,but by 2022,four species(***,***,***,and ***)and the community as a whole showed a tendency toward recovery of population *** remaining species were characterized by consistently low numbers with irregular low amplitude fluctuations.

关键词： population cycles small mammals time-series analysis wavelet transform

Polariton lasing in mie-resonant perovskite nanocavity

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Opto-electronic Advances 2024年第4期7卷 27-42页

作者： mikhail A.masharin daria Khmelevskaia Valeriy I.Kondratiev daria I.markina Anton d.Utyushev dmitriy m.dolgintsev Alexey d.dmitriev Vanik A.Shahnazaryan Anatoly P.Pushkarev Furkan Isik Ivan V.Iorsh Ivan A.Shelykh Hilmi V.demir Anton K.Samusev Sergey V.makarov UNAm-Institute of materials Science and Nanotechnology National Nanotechnology Research CenterDepartment of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringDepartment of PhysicsBilkent UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey ITmO University School of Physics and EngineeringSt.Petersburg 197101Russia Abrikosov Center for Theoretical Physics MIPTDolgoprudnyiMoscow Region 141701Russia LUmINOUS!Center of excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and displays School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore department of Physics Engineering Physics and AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntario K7L 3N6Canada Science Institute University of IcelandDunhagi 3IS-107ReykjavikIceland experimentelle Physik 2 Technische Universität DortmundDortmund 44227Germany Qingdao Innovation and development Center Harbin Engineering UniversityQingdao 266000China

deeply subwavelength lasers(or nanolasers)are highly demanded for compact on-chip bioimaging and sensing at the *** of the main obstacles for the development of single-particle nanolasers with all three dimensions shorter than the emitting wavelength in the visible range is the high lasing thresholds and the resulting *** we ex-ploit exciton-polariton condensation and mirror-image mie modes in a cuboid CsPbBr3 nanoparticle to achieve coherent emission at the visible wavelength of around 0.53μm from its ultra-small(≈0.007μm3 or≈λ3/20)semiconductor *** polaritonic nature of the emission from the nanocavity localized in all three dimensions is proven by direct com-parison with corresponding one-dimensional and two-dimensional waveguiding systems with similar material *** a deeply subwavelength nanolaser is enabled not only by the high values for exciton binding energy(≈35 meV),re-fractive index(>2.5 at low temperature),and luminescence quantum yield of CsPbBr3,but also by the optimization of po-laritons condensation on the mie resonances with quality factors improved by the metallic ***,the key parameters for optimal lasing conditions are intermode free spectral range and phonons spectrum in CsPbBr3,which govern polaritons condensation *** chemically synthesized colloidal CsPbBr3 nanolasers can be potentially de-posited on arbitrary surfaces,which makes them a versatile tool for integration with various on-chip systems.

关键词： nanolaser perovskite polariton mie resonance exciton-polariton

recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic research:The ArCPATH Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： Astrid e.J.OGILVIe Leslie A.KING Noel KeeNLYSIde François COUNILLON Brynhildur dAVIÐSdÓTTIr Níels eINArSSON Sergey GULeV Ke FAN Torben KOeNIGK James r.mCGOOdWIN marianne H.rASmUSSON Shuting YANG Institute of Arctic and Alpine research(INSTAAr) University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303USA Stefansson Arctic Institute AkureyriÍS-600Iceland royal roads University BC V9B 5Y2Canada University of Bergen Bergen N-5007Norway Nansen environmental and remote Sensing Centre Bergen N-5007Norway University of Iceland Reykjavík 102Iceland Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Moscow 117218Russia moscow State University Moscow 11991Russia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100045China Swedish meteorological and Hydrological Institute SE-60176 NorrköpingSweden danish meteorological Institute CopenhagenØ2100Denmark Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS119017MoscowRussia

This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to resilient Sustainable Societies-ArCPATH(https://***/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics, and the broad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team members were drawn from the Nordic countries, russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ArCPATH made significant contributions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a combination of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ArCPATH was able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possible related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ArCPATH served to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic research:The ArCPATH Project

Geometric phase helical PSF for simultaneous orientation and 3d localization microscopy

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第3期22卷 25-30页

作者：周勇壮张洪硕沈咏 Andrew r.Harvey 邹宏新 Institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Hunan Key Laboratory of mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information Changsha 410073China School of Physics and Astronomy University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK

The 3d location and dipole orientation of light emitters provide essential information in many biological,chemical,and physical *** acquisition of both information types typically requires pupil engineering for 3d localization and dual-channel polarization splitting for orientation *** we report a geometric phase helical point spread function for simultaneously estimating the 3d position and dipole orientation of point *** has a compact and simpler optical configuration compared to polarization-splitting techniques and yields achromatic phase modulation in contrast to pupil engineering based on dynamic phase,showing great potential for single-molecule orientation and localization microscopy.

关键词： PSF engineering geometric phase single-molecule orientation and localization microscopy

Black Garlic as an Antiviral for Herpes Simplex Virus-2 in Lung Cells

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 70-89页

作者： Jenna r. Horowitz Lee H. Lee Sandra d. Adams department of Biology Montclair State University Montclair NJ USA

Allicin, an antioxidant, is known for providing garlic with its unique fragrance and taste, as well as for its antimicrobial properties. Black garlic, a fermented form of garlic, contains higher levels of antioxidants than fresh garlic. Antioxidants play a vital role in alleviating cellular stress during viral infections. Viral infections result in oxidative stress through the production of reactive oxidative species (rOS). A prolonged state of oxidative stress can result in cell death, dNA damage, and disease progression. In this study, black garlic extract (BGe) is evaluated for its ability to mitigate cytopathic effects and oxidative stress caused by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infections in vitro. Antiviral assays were performed to determine the percent of viral inhibition resulting from treatment with the BGe. rOS-GloTm H2O2 assays were then completed to measure the post-infection rOS levels of BGe-treated virus and cells. The results thus far suggest that BGe may inhibit viral infection and decrease levels of oxidative stress.

关键词： Black Garlic Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Antioxidant Antiviral Allicin