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Assessment of Risk of Establishment of Wheat dwarf Bunt (Tilletia controversa) in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第1期12卷 87-94页

作者： JIAWen-ming ZHOU Yi-lin dUAN Xia-yu LUO Yong dING Sheng-li CAO Xue-ren Bruce d L fitt State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Agricultural College Shihezi University department of Plant Pathology China Agricultural University University of Hertfordshire

Wheat dwarf bunt, caused by Tilletia controversa Kühn （TCK）, is an important quarantine wheat disease throughout the world. Based on published research results of the biology and the epidemiology of the disease, the main factors including temperature, humidity, snow cover, and their parameters relating to teliospore germination, infection and epidemics of TCK were determined. The geophytopathological models for the risk analysis of wheat dwarf bunt establishment were modified. Fifty-year meteorologic data from about 500 weather stations in China were used to calculate the probabilities of TCK establishment in different geographic sites with the models. The map that displays the establishment risk of TCK in winter wheat growing regions in China was generated by using geographical information system （GIS）. The zones showing high, moderate, low, and very low, including no risk, of TCK establishment accounted for 27.33, 27.69, 38.12, and 6.86% of total winter wheat growing areas in China, respectively. These results will provide useful information to formulate quarantine regulations and wheat importation policy in China.

关键词： wheat dwarf bunt geophytopathological model geographical information system risk analysis

Comparison of Leptosphaeria biglobosa-induced and chemically induced systemic resistance to *** in Brassica napus

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第8期52卷 1053-1062页

作者： LIU ShengYi LIU RenHu Akinwunmi O. LATUNdE-dAdA Hans J. COOLS Simon J. FOSTER HUANG YongJu Bruce d. L. fitt Rothamsted Research Harpenden Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK Key Lab of Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Chinese Ministry0f Agriculture CAAS Oil Crops Research Institute Wuhan 430062 China Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 China

Brassica napus(***)seedlings pre-treated with ascospores of Leptosphaeria biglobosa or foliar sprays of either acibenzolar-S-methyl(ASM)or menadione sodium bisulphite(MSB)were chal- lenge inoculated with *** ascospores and assessed for phoma leaf spot development and tissue morphology and gene expression responses to *** of increase in phoma leaf spot area 8―21 d after challenge inoculation were significantly greater on water pre-treated plants than on plants pre-treated with ***,ASM or MSB on both pre-treated leaves(local effect)and younger leaves without pre-treatment(systemic effect).Ninety-six h after challenge inoculation,the invasive hyphae of *** were encircled by rings of necrotic mesophyll cells on leaves pre-treated with L. biglobosa,ASM or MSB but not those pre-treated with *** of transcript levels of genes commonly used as markers of the major defence signalling pathways(PdF1.2,PR-1,NPR1,APX, CHB4)0–96 h after *** challenge inoculation showed expression patterns indicating prefer- ential activation of the jasmonate/ethylene pathway and involved induction of NPR1 locally and sys- temically in leaves of plants pre-treated with *** ascospores.

关键词：油菜黑胫病抗性黑胫病弱毒种诱导途径比较化学诱导

On the Validity of the Imbert-Fick Law: Mathematical Modelling of Eye Pressure Measurement

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World Journal of Mechanics 2016年第3期6卷 35-51页

作者： Gabriela González Castro Alastair d. fitt John Sweeney IRC in Polymer Science and Technology University of Bradford Bradford UK Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK

Ophthalmologists rely on a device known as the Goldmann applanation tonometer to make intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements. It measures the force required to press a flat disc against the cornea to produce a flattened circular region of known area. The IOP is deduced from this force using the Imbert-Fick principle. However, there is scant analytical justification for this analysis. We present a mathematical model of tonometry to investigate the relationship between the pressure derived by tonometry and the IOP. An elementary equilibrium analysis suggests that there is no physical basis for traditional tonometric analysis. Tonometry is modelled using a hollow spherical shell of solid material enclosing an elastic liquid core, with the shell in tension and the core under pressure. The shell is pressed against a rigid flat plane. The solution is found using finite element analysis. The shell material is anisotropic. Values for its elastic constants are obtained from literature except where data are unavailable, when reasonable limits are explored. The results show that the force measured by the Goldmann tonometer depends on the elastic constant values. The relationship between the IOP and the tonometer readings is complex, showing potentially high levels of inaccuracy that depend on IOP.

关键词： Tonometry Finite Element Analysis Imbert-Fick Law

Leptosphaeria biglobosa Induced Resistance to *** in Brassica napus Involves different Signalling Pathways

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Leptosphaeria biglobosa Induced Resistance to *** in Brassic...

油菜防卫素和草酸氧化酶基因的克隆与诱导表达水平研究

中国植物病理学会2005年学术年会暨植物病理学报创刊50周年纪念会

作者： Akinwunmi O.Latunde-dada Hans Cools Bruce d.L.fitt John.A.Lucas Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK

Effects of pre-treatment of Brassica napus leaves with ascospores of L. biglobosa or chemical defence activators (acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) or menadione sodium bisulphate (MSB)) on local and systemic resistance to infection by ascospores of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) were studied in controlled environment and field experiments. In controlled environment experiments, pre-treatment of oilseed rape leaves (cv. Madrigal) with L. biglobosa, ASM or MSB delayed appearance of L. maculans phoma leaf spot lesions. These pre-treatments also decreased phoma leaf spot lesion area in both pre-treated (local effect) and untreated (systemic effect) leaves. In winter oilseed rape field experiments in 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 growing seasons, pre-treatment with L. biglobosa or ASM in October/November decreased not only number of phoma leaf spot lesions per leaf caused by L. maculans in autumn/winter, but also severity of phoma stem canker in the subsequent spring/summer. Effects were greater in 2002/2003, when natural L. maculans ascospore release began in September 2002, than in 2003/2004, when ascospore release began in december, following a period of dry weather in August/September 2003.

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中国油料作物学报 2004年第3期26卷 43-49页

作者：刘胜毅 B.d.L.fitt 刘仁虎 N.Evans 董彩华黄永菊中国农业科学院油料作物研究所农业部油料作物重点开放实验室湖北武汉430062 Plant Pathogen Interactions division Rothamsted Research

基于拟南芥、甘蓝及油菜等的植物防卫素(PdF)相关基因序列和已克隆的油菜草酸氧化酶(OXO)基因序列设计PCR引物,对甘蓝型油菜基因组dNA进行扩增,获得了序列大小分别为470bp和629bp的PdF1.2和OXO。生物信息学分析表明,该PdF1.2和GenBank... 详细信息

基于拟南芥、甘蓝及油菜等的植物防卫素(PdF)相关基因序列和已克隆的油菜草酸氧化酶(OXO)基因序列设计PCR引物,对甘蓝型油菜基因组dNA进行扩增,获得了序列大小分别为470bp和629bp的PdF1.2和OXO。生物信息学分析表明,该PdF1.2和GenBank中的相关基因同源性在42%～71%,OXO和GenBank中的相关基因同源性在70%以上。在油菜苗期,油菜黑胫病病原接种后基因PdF1.2表达量增加3倍以上,基因OXO也有不同程度的增强表达;诱导剂acibenzolar-s-methyl诱导基因OXO增强表达,但不能诱导PdF1.2增强表达。诱导的系统表达(非处理叶)高于局部表达(处理叶)。这是首次报道油菜PdF1.2克隆和诱导表达结果。

关键词：油菜防卫素基因草酸氧化酶基因克隆真菌侵染基因表达水平

黑胫病弱毒种和化学诱导剂诱导油菜对黑胫病抗性的比较研究

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科学通报 2007年第6期52卷 660-667页

作者：刘胜毅刘仁虎 Akinwunmi O.Latunde-dada Hans J.Cools Simon J.Foster 黄永菊 Bruce d.L.fitt Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所武汉430062 浙江省农业科学院杭州310021

油菜黑胫病是由弱毒种Leptosphaeria bigloaosa和强毒种***混合感染引起的油菜严重病害．本文比较研究了弱毒种预接种、化学诱导剂水杨酸类似物（acibenzolar-S-methyl）和维他命K3类似物（menadione sodium bisulphite）处理所诱导的... 详细信息

油菜黑胫病是由弱毒种Leptosphaeria bigloaosa和强毒种***混合感染引起的油菜严重病害．本文比较研究了弱毒种预接种、化学诱导剂水杨酸类似物（acibenzolar-S-methyl）和维他命K3类似物（menadione sodium bisulphite）处理所诱导的油菜对强毒种在抗性表型、组织细胞和RNA水平上的反应．诱导接种或化学处理后用强毒种接种．强毒种接种后8～21d，受诱导的植株其病斑扩展速度比水处理的对照显著降低，无论是受诱导的叶（局部效应）还是上部未诱导的叶（系统效应）均如此．强毒种接种后96h，观察到侵入叶组织的病原菌菌丝周围坏死的叶肉细胞，而在对照的植株上没有观测到．定量PCR分析表明，病害防御反应的标记基因PdF1．2，PR-1，NPR1，APX和CHB4在接种后0～96h的表达发生了变化．弱毒种预接种处理优先激活了茉莉酸，乙烯途径的基因表达，包括NPR1的诱导加强表达，这种效应不仅是局部的，而且是系统的．

关键词：化学诱导剂防御基因表达防御信号途径诱导的系统抗性油菜黑胫病

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油菜黑胫病原真菌的分离与鉴定

油菜黑胫病原真菌的分离与鉴定

黑胫病弱毒种Leptosphaeria biglobosa通过不同的信号途径诱导油菜抗性

中国植物病理学会2008年学术年会

作者：刘泽李强生 Avice M.Hall Bruce d.L.fitt 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 University of Hertfordshire HatfieldHertfordshire AL10 9ABUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK

在2005～2007年,从我国一些油菜产区获得油菜黑胫病害感染植株,病原物分离鉴定的结果显示,其致病真菌为侵染性较弱的 Leptosphaeria biglobosa,具有强侵染性的菌种 *** 尚未从上述产区获得。在菌落形态上(包括在营养基质上的生长速度和... 详细信息

在2005～2007年,从我国一些油菜产区获得油菜黑胫病害感染植株,病原物分离鉴定的结果显示,其致病真菌为侵染性较弱的 Leptosphaeria biglobosa,具有强侵染性的菌种 *** 尚未从上述产区获得。在菌落形态上(包括在营养基质上的生长速度和色素合成等),中国的 *** 菌株与欧洲的 *** 菌株具有很大相似性。

关键词：油菜油菜黑胫病油菜黑胫病菌

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黑胫病弱毒种Leptosphaeria biglobosa通过不同的信号途径诱导油...

黑胫病弱毒种Leptosphaeria biglobosa通过不同的信号途径诱导油菜抗性

中国植物病理学第七届青年学术讨论会

作者：刘胜毅刘仁虎 Akinwunmi O Latunde-dada Hans Cools Bruce d L fitt John A Lucas 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所基因组与分子生物学研究室 Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK

＜正＞油菜黑胫病是由两种类型病原引起的,分别为A型强致病株（***）和B型弱致病株,B型现命名为一个新种***。本试验研究了弱致病株诱导的针对强致病株的抗性及其分子信号途径。油菜叶分别用弱致病株子囊孢子预接种和及病害防御反应信... 详细信息

＜正＞油菜黑胫病是由两种类型病原引起的,分别为A型强致病株（***）和B型弱致病株,B型现命名为一个新种***。本试验研究了弱致病株诱导的针对强致病株的抗性及其分子信号途径。油菜叶分别用弱致病株子囊孢子预接种和及病害防御反应信号分子水杨酸类似物（acibenzolar-S-methyl,ASM）与维生素K3（menadione sodiumbisulphate,MSB）处理,然后挑战接种强致病株子囊孢子。在控制条件下的试验中,预接种和预处理均推

关键词：黑胫病诱导的系统抗性甘蓝型油菜病害防御反应基因

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西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2005年第B8期33卷 257-257页

作者：刘胜毅刘仁虎 Akinwunmi O Latunde-dada Hans Cools Huang Y J Bruce d L fitt John A Lucas 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所基因组与分子生物学研究室湖北武汉430062 Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL5 2JQUK

油菜黑胫病是由两种类型病原引起的,分别为A型强致病株(***)和B型弱致病株,B型现命名为一个新种***.本试验研究了弱致病株诱导的针对强致病株的抗性及其分子信号途径.

关键词：黑胫病诱导的系统抗性甘蓝型油菜病害防御反应基因