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Free electron lasers driven by plasma accelerators:status and near-term prospects

High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第4期9卷 112-126页

作者： C.Emma J.Van Tilborg R.Assmann S.Barber a.cianchi S.Corde M.E.Couprie R.D'Arcy M.Ferrario A.F.Habib B.Hidding M.J.Hogan C.B.Schroeder A.Marinelli M.Labat R.Li J.Liu A.Loulergue J.Osterhoff A.R.Maier B.W.J.Mc Neil W.Wang SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA 94025USA BELLA Center Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY 22607 HamburgGermany INFN-LNF 00044 FrascatiItaly LOA ENSTA ParisCNRSEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91762 PalaiseauFrance Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des MerisiersSaint-Aubin91192 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance Scottish Centre for the Application of Plasma-Based Accelerators SCAPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeScottish Universities Physics Alliance SUPAGlasgow G11XQUK Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Department of Physics University of StrathclydeScottish Universities Physics Alliance SUPAGlasgow G1IXQUK Cockcroft Institute Warrington WA44ADUK

Owing to their ultra-high accelerating gradients,combined with injection inside micrometer-scale accelerating wakefield buckets,plasma-based accelerators hold great potential to drive a new generation of free-electron lasers(FELs).Indeed,the first demonstration of plasma-driven FEL gain was reported recently,representing a major milestone for the *** groups around the world are pursuing these novel light sources,with methodology varying in the use of wakefield driver(laser-driven or beam-driven),plasma structure,phase-space manipulation,beamline design,and undulator technology,among *** paper presents our best attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of the global community efforts towards plasma-based FEL research and development.

关键词： plasma accelerators free electron lasers novel light sources

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Right ventricle dysfunction does not predict mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support

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World Journal of Cardiology 2023年第4期15卷 165-173页

作者： Chiara Lazzeri Manuela Bonizzoli Stefano Batacchi Giovanni cianchi Andrea Franci Filippo Socci Marco Chiostri Adriano Peris ICU and ECMO Center Florence 50134Italy

BACKGROUND The prognostic role of right ventricle dilatation and dysfunction(RVDD)has not been elucidated in patients with coronavirus disease(COVID)-related respiratory failure refractory to standard treatment needing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)*** To assess whether pre veno-venous(VV)ECMO RVDD were related to inintensive care unit(ICU)*** We enrolled 61 patients with COVID-related acute respiratory distress syndrome refractory to conventional treatment submitted to VV ECMO and consecutively admitted to our ICU(an ECMO referral center)from 31th March 2020 to 31th August *** echocardiographic exam was performed immediately before VV ECMO *** Males were prevalent(73.8%)and patients with a body mass index>30 kg/m^(2) were the majority(46/61,75%).The overall in-ICU mortality rate was 54.1%(33/61).RVDD was detectable in more than half of the population(34/61,55.7%)and associated with higher simplified organ functional assessment(SOFA)values(P=0.029)and a longer mechanical ventilation duration prior to ECMO support(P=0.046).Renal replacement therapy was more frequently needed in RVDD patients(P=0.002).A higher in-ICU mortality(P=0.024)was observed in RVDD *** echo variables were independent predictors of in-ICU *** In patients with COVID-related respiratory failure on ECMO support,RVDD(dilatation and dysfunction)is a common finding and identifies a subset of patients characterized by a more severe disease(as indicated by higher SOFA values and need of renal replacement therapy)and by a higher in-ICU ***(also when considered separately)did not result independently associated with in-ICU mortality in these patients.

关键词： Right ventricle Echocardiography Mortality COVID Acute respiratory distress syndrome Right ventricle-pulmonary circulation coupling

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Single-incision laparoscopic colorectal surgery for cancer: State of art

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6073-6080页

作者： Fabio cianchi Fabio Staderini Benedetta Badii Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine Center of Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery University of Florence 50134 Florence Italy

A number of clinical trials have demonstrated that the laparoscopic approach for colorectal cancer resection provides the same oncologic results as open surgery along with all clinical benefits of minimally invasive *** the last years,a great effort has been made to research for minimizing parietal trauma,yet for cosmetic reasons and in order to further reduce surgery-related pain and *** techniques,such as natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES)and single-incision laparoscopy(SIL)have been developed in order to reach the goal of"scarless"*** NOTES may seem not fully suitable or safe for advanced procedures,such as colectomies,SIL is currently regarded as the next major advance in the progress of minimally invasive surgical approaches to colorectal disease that is more feasible in generalized *** small incision through the umbilicus allows surgeons to use familiar standard laparoscopic instruments and thus,perform even complex procedures which require extraction of large surgical specimens orintestinal *** cosmetic result from SIL is also better because the only incision is made through the umbilicus which can hide the wound effectively after ***,SIL raises a number of specific new challenges compared with the laparoscopic conventional approach.A reduced capacity for triangulation,the repeated conflicts between the shafts of the instruments and the difficulties to achieve a correct exposure of the operative field are the most claimed *** use therefore of this new approach for complex colorectal procedures might understandingly be viewed as difficult to implement,especially for oncologic cases.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Laparoscopic surgery Single-inci

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Robotic rectal surgery: State of the art

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第11期8卷 757-771页

作者： Fabio Staderini Caterina Foppa Alessio Minuzzo Benedetta Badii Etleva Qirici Giacomo Trallori Beatrice Mallardi Gabriele Lami Giuseppe Macrì Andrea Bonanomi Siro Bagnoli Giuliano Perigli Fabio cianchi Center of Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine University of Florence Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences University of Florence Istituto per lo Studio e Prevenzione Onco-logica Unit of Gastroenterology

Laparoscopic rectal surgery has demonstrated its superiority over the open approach, however it still has some technical limitations that lead to the development of robotic platforms. Nevertheless the literature on this topic is rapidly expanding there is still no consensus about benefits of robotic rectal cancer surgery over the laparoscopic one. For this reason a review of all the literature examining robotic surgery for rectal cancer was performed. Two reviewers independently conducted a search of electronic databases(Pub Med and EMBASE) using the key words "rectum", "rectal", "cancer", "laparoscopy", "robot". After the initial screen of 266 articles, 43 papers were selected for review. A total of 3013 patients were included in the review. The most commonly performed intervention was low anterior resection(1450 patients, 48.1%), followed by anterior resections(997 patients, 33%), ultra-low anterior resections(393 patients, 13%) and abdominoperineal resections(173 patients, 5.7%). Robotic rectal surgery seems to offer potential advantages especially in low anterior resections with lower conversions rates and better preservation of the autonomic function. Quality of mesorectum and status of and circumferential resection margins are similar to those obtained with conventional laparoscopy even if robotic rectal surgery is undoubtedly associated with longer operative times. This review demonstrated that robotic rectal surgery is both safe and feasible but there is no evidence of its superiority over laparoscopy in terms of postoperative, clinical outcomes and incidence of complications. In conclusion robotic rectal surgery seems to overcome some of technical limitations of conventional laparoscopic surgery especially for tumors requiring low and ultralow anterior resections but this technical improvement seems not to provide, until now, any significant clinical advantages to the patients.

关键词：机器的外科机器的直肠的外科 DaVinci 直肠的外科机器的直肠的癌症为直肠的癌症的机器人学机器的直肠的切除术

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Antarctic Cyanobacteria Biodiversity Based on ITS and <i>Trn</i>L Sequencing and Its Ecological Implication

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Open Journal of Ecology 2014年第8期4卷 456-467页

作者： Carla Micheli Rossella.cianchi Raffaella Paperi Alessandro Belmonte Benjamin Pushparaj Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology University of Rome La Sapienza Rome Italy ENEA Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development Research Center Casaccia Rome Italy Institute of Ecosystem Studies CNR-ISE Florence Italy

Antarctic cyanobacteria biodiversity was investigated by simultaneous sequencing of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS flanked by partial 16S and 23S), and Chloroplast tRNALeu UAA intron (TrnL), exploring whether such morphotypes constitute distinct species and explaining their current distribution. We identified Nostocales, Chrococcales and Oscillatoriales species, collected in different habitats (soil, algal mats, lake sediments, ice-water) after their growth in cultures. By comparative sequence analyses available in Genbank, our results proved to be mostly in agreement with both TrnL and ITS, in the identification of the strains, particularly for Nostocales. Although ITS demonstrated more usefully than TrnL did in identifying Oscillatoriales and Chroococcales, due to the frequent lack of the intron in these groups, our results lead us to support an independent phylogenetic dataset of ITS and TrnL (the latter based on conserved regions) producing not only concordant clusters but also a secondary structure. Specific assignments of the secondary structure evidenced by different cyanobacteria groups, especially the D1-D1’ region of ITS and the P6b region of TrnL. For the latter region, the sequences analyzed for Nostoc species could be divided into the two classes previously identified, on the basis of different heptanucleotide repeats in P6b which were not

关键词： Antarctic Cyanobacteria Biodiversity ITS tRNALeu UAA Secondary Structure

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Challenges of Improving Intensive Care Medicine in Eritrea: Impact of an Italian Cooperative Project of Educational and Clinical Support

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2013年第7期3卷 315-319页

作者： Valentina Anichini Giovanni Zagli Hagos Goitom Giovanni cianchi Andrea Cecchi Lucia Perretta Emanuele Bigazzi Barbara Gazzini Simone Proietti Alessandro Di Filippo Simone Toccafondi Gianfranco Gensini Giancarlo Berni Adriano Peris Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit of Emergency Department Careggi Teaching Hospital Florence Italy Anesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy Department Intensive Care Unit Orotta National Referral Hospital Asmara Eritrea Department of Critical Care Medicine and Surgery Careggi Teaching Hospital Florence Italy First Aid of Emergency Department Careggi Teaching Hospital Florence Italy Tuscany Region Sanitary System Florence Italy.

Intensive care in Africa is available only in teaching or referral hospitals. Here we report the experience of a multidisciplinary collaboration between physicians and nurses of the Emergency Department (First Aid and Intensive Care Unit) of a tertiary referral hospital (Careggi Teaching Hospital, Florence, IT) and physicians and nurses of Orotta National referral Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea. The project was aimed at performing clinical assistance and training on the job to the local staff to improve the standard of care in the local Emergency Department. The duration of the project was initially planned to be 30 months, but unfortunately it was interrupted after 18 months because of lack of funds. The Italian staff was composed of two physicians and two nurses per period. To monitor local ICU activity, a retrospective survey of 36 months was performed. During the 36 months of data collection, 1169 patients were admitted to the ICU. Intra-ICU mortality rate resulted comparable before, during, and after Italian presence. On the contrary, the 28-day mortality resulted significantly lower bo th during and after the Italian stay. After project interruption, the Italian staff maintained contact with the Eritrean ICU personnel, who were invited to attend the Italian ICU for one month per year, and collected information about Orotta ICU activities.

关键词： Intensive Care Unit Developing Countries MEWS

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Minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer: A comparison between robotic, laparoscopic and open surgery

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第13期23卷 2376-2384页

作者： Amilcare Parisi Daniel Reim Felice Borghi Ninh T Nguyen Feng Qi Andrea Coratti Fabio cianchi Maurizio Cesari Francesca Bazzocchi Orhan Alimoglu Johan Gagnière Graziano Pernazza Simone D'Imporzano Yan-Bing Zhou Juan-Santiago Azagra Olivier Facy Steven T Brower Zhi-Wei Jiang Lu Zang Arda Isik Alessandro Gemini Stefano Trastulli Alexander Novotny Alessandra Marano Tong Liu Mario Annecchiarico Benedetta Badii Giacomo Arcuri Andrea Avanzolini Metin Leblebici Denis Pezet Shou-Gen Cao Martine Goergen Shu Zhang Giorgio Palazzini Vito D'Andrea Jacopo Desiderio Department of Digestive Surgery St.Mary's HospitalUniversity of Perugia Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Chirurgie Klinikum Rechts der IsarTechnical University Munich Department of Surgery General and Oncologic Surgery UnitSanta Croce e Carle Hospital Department of Surgery Division of Gastrointestinal SurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine Medical Center Gastrointestinal Surgery Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Division of Oncological and Robotic Surgery Department of OncologyCareggi University Hospital Unit of general and endocrine surgery Center of oncologic minimally invasive surgery(COMIS)Careggi University Hospital Department of General Surgery Hospital of Cittàdi CastelloUSL1 Umbria Department of General Surgery Division of GeneralGastroenterologic and Minimally Invasive SurgeryG.B.Morgagni Hospital Department of General Surgery School of MedicineIstanbul Medeniyet University Department of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Surgery Estaing University Hospital Department of Surgery Robotic General Surgery UnitSan Giovanni Addolorata Hospital Esophageal Surgery Unit Tuscany Regional Referral Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal DiseaseMedical University of Pisa Department of General Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Unitédes Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif et Endocrine Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Cancérologique CHU Bocage Department of Surgical Oncology and HPB Surgery Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Department of General Surgery Jinling HospitalMedical SchoolNanjing University Department of Surgery Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong UniversitySchool of Medicine Department of General Surgery Erzincan UniversitySchool of Medicine Department of Surgical Science “La Sapienza”University Department of Digestive Surgery St.Mary's Hospital of Terni-University of Perugia

AIM To investigate the role of minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer and determine surgical, clinical, and oncological *** This is a propensity score-matched case-control study, comparing three treatment arms: robotic gastrectomy(RG), laparoscopic gastrectomy(LG), open gastrectomy(OG). Data collection started after sharing a specific study protocol. Data were recorded through a tailored and protected web-based system. Primary outcomes: harvested lymph nodes, estimated blood loss, hospital stay, complications rate. Among the secondary outcomes, there are: operative time, R0 resections, POD of mobilization, POD of starting liquid diet and soft solid diet. The analysis includes the evaluation of type and grade of postoperative complications. Detailed information of anastomotic leakages is also *** The present analysis was carried out of 1026 gastrectomies. To guarantee homogenous distribution of cases, patients in the RG, LG and OG groups were 1:1:2 matched using a propensity score analysis with a caliper = 0.2. The successful matching resulted in a total sample of 604 patients(RG = 151; LG = 151; OG = 302). The three groups showed no differences in all baseline patients characteristics, type of surgery(P = 0.42) and stage of the disease(P = 0.16). Intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower in the LG(95.93 ± 119.22) and RG(117.91 ± 68.11) groups compared to the OG(127.26 ± 79.50, P = 0.002). The mean number of retrieved lymph nodes was similar between the RG(27.78 ± 11.45), LG(24.58 ± 13.56) and OG(25.82 ± 12.07) approach. A benefit in favor of the minimally invasive approaches was found in the length of hospital stay(P < 0.0001). A similar complications rate was found(P = 0.13). The leakage rate was not different(P = 0.78) between *** Laparoscopic and robotic surgery can be safely performed and proposed as possible alternative to open surgery. The main highlighted benefit is a faster postoperative functional recov

关键词： Gastric cancer Gastrectomy Minimally invasive surgery Robotic Robot-assisted Laparoscopy

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