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Mosquito larvicidal activity of some common spices and vegetable waste on Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles stephensi

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第4期4卷 288-293页

作者： Someshwar Singha Goutam chandra Mosquito and Microbiology Research Units Parasitology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyBurdwan University

Objective:To investigate the larvicidal activities of crude and chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/ v) extracts of some common spices(Cuminum cyminum,Allium sativum,Zingiber offinale, Curcuma longa) and vegetable waste(Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber) against Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito ***:Larval mortality of above mosquito species were observed after 24,48 and 72 h of exposure to five concentrations of aqueous extract(0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4%and 0.5%) and four concentrations(25,50,75 ppm) of chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/v) *** lethal concentration of individual spices or vegetable waste was determined by log-probit analysis(at 95%confidence level) and effect of crude and chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/v) extracts were recorded on non target ***: Relative mortality rate of both larval mosquito species were recorded in the following sequences: Cuminum cyminum> Allium sativum>Zingiber offinale,Curcuma longa > Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber for crude extract,and efficacy of chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/v) extract were as follows:Curcuma longa > Zingiber offinale > Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber > Cuminum cyminum> Allium ***:Crude and chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/v) extract of Cuminum cyminum,Allium sativum,Zingiber offinale,Curcuma longa and Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber can be recommended effectively in mosquito control programmes at very low *** mortality and other abnormalities were noticed on non target organisms and further studies are needed to investigate the chemical structure of active principal which are responsible for larvicidal activity.

关键词： Mosquito larvicide Cuminum cyminum Allium sativum Zingiber offinale Curcuma longa Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber Anopheles stephensi Culex quinquefasciatus

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Effect of water regimes and organic matters on transport of arsenic in summer rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第4期23卷 633-639页

作者： Sefaur Rahaman Ashim chandra Sinha Dibyendu Mukhopadhyay Senior Research Fellow Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Pundibari Cooch Behar West Bengal-736165 India. Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Pundibari Cooch Behar West Bengal-736165 India Reader and Head Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry Faculty of Agriculture Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Pundibari Cooch Behar West Bengal-736165 India

The arsenic contamination in soil-water-plant systems is a major concern of where, the groundwater is being contaminated with arsenic （above 0.01 mg/L） in the Indian subcontinent. The study was conducted with organic matter to find out the reducing effect on arsenic load to rice （cv. Khitish）. It was observed that intermittent ponding reduced arsenic uptake （23.33% in root, 13.84% in shoot and 19.84% in leaf） at panicle initiation stage, instead of continuous ponding. A decreasing trend of arsenic accumulation （root straw husk whole grain milled grain） was observed in different plant parts at harvest. Combined applications of lathyrus ＋ vermicompost ＋ poultry manure reduced arsenic transport in plant parts （root, straw, husk, whole grains and milled grain） which was significantly at par （p 0.05） with chopped rice straw （5 tons/ha ）＋ lathyrus green manuring （5 tons/ha） in comparison to control and corresponding soils. A significant negative correlation of arsenic with phosphorus （grain P with arsenic in different parts R 2 = 0.627–0.726 at p 0.01） was observed. Similarly, soil arsenic had a negative correlation with soil available phosphorus （R 2 = 0.822 at p 0.001） followed by soil nitrogen （R 2 = 0.762 at p 0.01） and soil potassium （R 2 = 0.626 at p 0.01）. Hence, effective management of contaminated irrigation water along with organic matter could reduce the arsenic build up to plants and soil.

关键词： arsenic intermittent ponding lathyrus organic nutrients poultry manure saturation and vermicompost

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Effect of tool rotational speed on the particle distribution in friction stir welding of AA6092/17.5 SiCp-T6 composite plates and its consequences on the mechanical property of the joint

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第2期16卷 381-391页

作者： Uttam Acharya Barnik Saha Roy Subhash chandra Saha Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology AgartalaBarjalaJiraniaWest Tripura799046India

This study investigates the effect of tool rotational speed(TRS)on particle distribution in nugget zone(NZ)through quantitative approach and its consequences on the mechanical property of friction stir welded joints of AA6092/17.5 SiCp-T6 composite.6 mm thick plates are welded at a constant tool tilt angle of 2°and tool traverse speed of 1 mm/s by varying the TRS at 1000 rpm,1500 rpm and 2000 rpm with a taper pin profiled *** analysis shows large quantity of uniformly shaped smaller size SiC particle with lower average particle area which are homogeneously distributed in the *** fragmentation of bigger size particles has been observed because of abrading action of the hard tool and resulting shearing effect and severe stress generation due to the rotation of *** particles occupy maximum area in the matrix compared to that of the base material(BM)due to the redistribution of broken particles as an effect of *** migration of particles towards the TMAZ-NZ transition zone has been also encountered at higher TRS(2000 rpm).The microhardness analysis depicts variation in average hardness from top to bottom of the NZ,minimum for 1500 rpm and maximum for 2000 *** impact strength at 1000 rpm and 1500 rpm remains close to that of BM(21.6 J)while 2000 rpm shows the accountable *** maximum joint efficiency has been achieved at 1500 rpm(84%)and minimum at 1000 rpm(68%)under tensile *** analysis shows mixed mode of failure for BM,1000 rpm and 1500 rpm,whereas 2000 rpm shows the brittle mode of failure.

关键词： Friction stir welding Aluminium matrix composite Tool rotational speed Particle distribution Mechanical property

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Texture coefficient and band gap tailoring of Fe-doped SnO_(2) nanoparticles via thermal spray pyrolysis

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Rare Metals 2022年第4期41卷 1332-1341页

作者： Majibul Haque Babu Bidhan chandra Dev Jiban Podder Department of Physics Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka 1000Bangladesh

An investigation of Fe-doping effect on SnO_(2) thin films was performed in this study using thermal spray pyrolysis(TSP) *** surface morphology and structural,optical and electrical properties were studied by field energy scanning electron microscope(FESEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) spectroscopy and four-point probe *** EM images demonstrate that the surface morphology of the as-deposited films varies when Fe-doping content *** studies reveal that crystallite size and preferential growth orientations of the films are dependent on Fe-doping *** grain size is found to decrease with the increase in Fe *** studies also specify that the films have tetragonal rutile-type structure with mixed secondary *** texture coefficient value of(110) plane increases with the concomitant in-plane(220) decrease in higher doping *** resistivity and the optical absorbance are found to increase with Fe *** direct optical band gap decreases from 3.94 to3.52 eV with increasing Fe content.

关键词： SnO_(2)thin film Thermal spray pyrolysis Texture coefficient Optical band gap

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Seasonal changes in TC and WSOC and their ^13C isotope ratios in Northeast Asian aerosols： land surface–biosphere–atmosphere interactions

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第3期36卷 355-358页

作者： chandra Mouli Pavuluri Kimitaka Kawamura Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0819 Japan Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies Chubu University Kasugai 487-8501 Japan

In order to understand the relative importance of anthropogenic and biological sources of carbonaceous aerosols in Northeast Asia,we measured total carbon(TC)and water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC)and their stable carbon isotope ratios(d^(13)C)in total suspended particulates collected from Sapporo,northern Japan(43.07°N,141.36°E)over a 1-year period(during 2 September 2009and 5 October 2010).Temporal variations of TC showed a gradual decrease from mid-autumn to winter followed by a gradual increase to growing season with a peak in early *** d^(13)C_(TC)and d^(13)C_(WSOC)showed very similar temporal trends with a gradual enrichment of^(13)C from mid-autumn to winter followed by a depletion in the^(13)C to early summer and thereafter it remained stable,except for few *** on the results obtained together with the air mass trajectories,we found that biogenic emissions including biological particles(e.g.,pollen)and secondary organic aerosol formation from biogenic volatile organic compounds are the important sources of carbonaceous aerosols in spring/summer whereas fungal spores from soil and biomass burning and enhanced fossil fuel combustion contribute significantly in autumn/winter and in winter,respectively,in Northeast Asia.

关键词： Carbonaceous aerosols Stable carbon isotope ratios Sources Northeast Asia

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Analysis and Control of Frequency Stability in Low-Inertia Power Systems: A Review

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第12期11卷 2363-2383页

作者： Changjun He Hua Geng Kaushik Rajashekara Ambrish chandra the Department of Automation Tsinghua University and also with Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University IEEE the University of Houston the Department of Electrical Engineering Ecole de Technologie Superieure University of Quebec

Power electronic-interfaced renewable energy sources(RES) exhibit lower inertia compared to traditional synchronous generators. The large-scale integration of RES has led to a significant reduction in system inertia, posing significant challenges for maintaining frequency stability in future power systems. This issue has garnered considerable attention in recent years. However, the existing research has not yet achieved a comprehensive understanding of system inertia and frequency stability in the context of low-inertia systems. To this end, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the definition, modeling,analysis, evaluation, and control for frequency stability. It commences with an exploration of inertia and frequency characteristics in low-inertia systems, followed by a novel definition of frequency stability. A summary of frequency stability modeling,analysis, and evaluation methods is then provided, along with their respective applicability in various scenarios. Additionally,the two critical factors of frequency control—energy sources at the system level and control strategies at the device level —are examined. Finally, an outlook on future research in low-inertia power systems is discussed.

关键词： Frequency control frequency stability definition low inertia power system with high penetration of renewable energy sources

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Principal polar spectral indices for mapping mangroves forest inSouth East Asia: study case Indonesia

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第10期12卷 1103-1117页

作者： Fatwa Ramdani Sabaruddin Rahman chandra Giri Geoinformatics Research Group Faculty of Computer ScienceBrawijaya UniversityKota MalangIndonesia Department of Ocean Engineering Faculty of EngineeringHasanuddin UniversityMakassarIndonesia USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science(EROS)Center Nicholas School of the Environment/Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

Identification and monitoring of species composition and richness isneeded to formulate effective mangrove management and conservationpriorities. Prior studies have used commercial satellite images which arecost prohibitive for national and global applications. Here, we usedfreely available Landsat satellite data and new indices to discriminatemangrove species in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia andSegara Anakan, West Java, Indonesia. We use sensitive algorithm of theprincipal polar spectral (PPS) indices to discriminate mangroves *** Indices were produced from a set of 3-dimensional Landsat 8Operational Land Imager (OLI) spectral indices (PPS Brightness, PPSGreenness, and PPS Wetness) determined by a polar change of theprincipal component axes of a spectral image of reference scene. Wequalitatively compare this set of PPS indices with the set of conventionalRGB multi-bands image composition and conventional NormalizedDifference Vegetation Indices (NDVI) for mangroves speciesdiscrimination. The comparisons indicate that the set of PPS indiceshave the potential for regional and possibly global applications inmangroves species mapping and monitoring.

关键词： Mangroves NDVI landsat principal polar spectral indices Indonesia

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Moisture dependent physical properties of Lagenaria siceraria seed

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第4期6卷 111-120页

作者： Prashant Pandharinath Said Rama.chandra Pradhan Department of Farm Engineering Institute of Agricultural SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh 221005India

The investigation was done to evaluate the effect of moisture content on some physical properties of Lagenaria siceraria *** study was conducted at five moisture levels including 8.84%,10.10%,11.89%,12.60%and 15.10%(w.b.).Results showed that the mean value of principal dimensions,average diameters,surface area and 1000 seed mass increased linearly but aspect ratio decreased with increase in moisture *** sphericity increased in the moisture range of 8.84%to 11.89%but decreased with further raise in the moisture up to 15.10%.Gravimetric properties like bulk density increased with increase in moisture content however true density and porosity decreased linearly with increase in moisture *** of repose and terminal velocity increased linearly with moisture content of the *** coefficient of friction increased linearly with seed moisture content on five experimental surfaces(plywood,galvanized iron,glass and plastic).The information pertaining to moisture dependant physical properties of Lagenaria siceraria seeds may become an essential part in design of processing machines and its unit operations,design of dehulling,oil expression and other processing equipments.

关键词： Lagenaria siceraria physical properties angle of repose aspect ratio gravimetric properties sphericity

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Mitigating People-Park Conflicts on Resource Use through Ecotourism:A Case of the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve,Indian Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第1期8卷 87-95页

作者： chandra Prakash KALA Rakesh Kumar MAIKHURI Ecosystem and Environment Management Indian Institute of Forest Management G.B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Post.

Eeotourism aims to deliver the philosophy of sustainable development through environmental conservation as well as socio-economic development. Areas with rich biodiversity and scenic beauty, like the Indian Himalayan region, have been one of the major destination centers for nature lovers from historical time. In view of conserving the rich biodiversity and natural heritage of the Himalayan region 92 protected areas have been set aside, of these Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve （NDBR） is a well known world heritage site. Over a period of time establishing NDBR has invited conficts between the local people and reserve authorities on the management approaches and utilization criteria of the natural resources, especially banning the traditional bio-resource collection rights of local community, expeditions, trekking, and other anthropogenic activities in the core zones. The present study aims to understand and analyze the various people - park conflicts, and also to suggest ways to mitigate such conflicts in view of biodiversity conservation and improvement of economic status of local people by promoting eeotourism. With this view the study further discusses the various aspects of eeotourism, its pros and cons, and the avenues of developing appropriate strategies for promotion of ecotourism in buffer zone areas of NDBR.

关键词： Eeo-tourism Indian Himalaya NandaDevi Biosphere Reserve Nature conservation People-park conflicts

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Electro-osmotic flow of a second-grade fluid in a porous microchannel subject to an AC electric field

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2013年第2期25卷 309-316页

作者： MISRA J. C. chandra S. Department of Mathematics Institute of Technical Education and Research Siksha O Anusandhan University Department of Physics Sabang S. K. Mahavidyalaya Vidyasagar University

Studies on electro-osmotic flows of various types of fluids in microchannel are of great importance owing to their multifold applications in the transport of liquids, particularly when the ionized liquid flows with respect to a charged surface in the presence of an external electric field. In the case of viscoelastic fluids, the volumetric flow rate differs significantly from that of Newtonian fluids, even when the flow takes place under the same pressure gradient and the same electric field. With this end in view, this paper is devoted to a study concerning the flow pattern of an electro-osmotic flow in a porous microchannel, which is under the action of an alternating electric field. The influence of various rheological and electro-osmotic parameters, e.g., the Reynolds number, Debye-Huckel parameter, shape factor and fluid viscoelasticity on the kinematics of the fluid, has been investigated for a secondgrade viscoelastic fluid. The problem is first treated by using analytical methods, but the quantitative estimates are obtained numerically with the help of the software MATHEMATICA. The results presented here are applicable to the cases where the channel height is much greater than the thickness of the electrical double layer comprising the Stern and diffuse layers. The study reveals that a larger value of the Debye-Huckel parameter creates sharper profile near the wall and also that the velocity of electro-osmotic flow increases as the permeability of the porous microchannel is enhanced. The study further shows that the electro-osmotic flow dominates at lower values of Reynolds number. The results presented here will be quite useful to validate the observations of experimental investigations on the characteristics of electro-osmotic flows and also the results of complex numerical models that are necessary to deal with more realistic situations, where electro-osmotic flows come into the picture, as in blood flow in the micro-circulatory system subject to an elect

关键词： electrical double layer Debye length second-grade fluid Ionic energy

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