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Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(OrFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric OrFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric OrFBs.

关键词： redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

Acquired sensorineural hearing loss,oxidative stress,and microrNAs

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2513-2519页

作者： Desmond A.Nunez ru c.Guo Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreVancouver General HospitalVancouverBCCanada Faculty of Medicine–The University of British columbia VancouverBCCanada

Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human ***-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health ***-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing *** etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental *** stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing *** non-coding rNA sequences known as microrNAs(mirNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic *** hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing *** these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing *** EMBASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science core collection,and *** databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamirs,""hypoxia,""microrNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical *** red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus *** excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text *** resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative *** mir-34a and mir-29b levels increase with age in *** mirNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIrT1/P Gc-1α),SIrT

关键词： hearing loss hypoxia microrNAs oxidative stress sensorineural

A comprehensive investigation on nonlinear vibration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite structures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： S.SAUrABH r.KIrAN D.SINGH r.VAISH V.S.cHAUHAN School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal composite laminates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a promising frontier for enhancing the mechanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study provides a comprehensive investigation into the nonlinear free vibration and nonlinear bending behavior of bio-inspired composite plates. The inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory(IHSDT) of plates is employed to characterize the displacement field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem is modeled using the c0finite element method(FEM), and an in-house code is developed in the MATLAB environment to solve it numerically. Various helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recursive(Hr), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(HS), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The model is validated, and parametric studies are conducted. These studies investigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amplitudes on the nonlinear vibration and nonlinear bending behaviors of bio-inspired composite plates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial impact on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behaviors. Moreover, this influence varies across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired composite plate.

关键词： Inverse problems

Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.Smith Jessica L.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a.c.r.nic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(cNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

US children with special health care needs and ethnic discrimination: results from multivariate modeling

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第2期15卷 182-189页

作者： Guillermo montes St.John Fisher college Alesi 106C3690 East Ave.RochesterNY 14618USA children's Institute Inc. RochesterNYUSA

Background To determine the prevalence of parent-reported ethnic/racial discrimination,and to determine if children with special health care needs are more likely to experience ethnic discrimination than other children who have similar family income,age,sex,race,parental education and Hispanic *** Using the National Survey of children's Health 2011-2012 (n =95,677),ethnic discrimination was measured by two questions that asked 'was child ever treated or judged unfairly because of his/her race or ethnic group?' and if so,how often it occurred in the last 12 months prior to the *** An estimated 3 million US children aged 0-17 years have experienced parent-reported ethnic discrimination (1.4% White,9.1% Black,9.9% other race,4.7% Hispanic).The likelihood to experience ethnic discrimination is much higher for Black and other race children,compared to White *** with special health care needs were two times more likely to experience ethnic discrimination frequently in the 12 months prior to the survey than comparable children in terms of age,sex,race,family income,parental education,and social *** family income did not prevent the exposure to ethnic discrimination but was associated with fewer *** Theoretical frameworks,such as social determinants of health,must account for the bidirectional nature of the relationship between health and ethnic *** care must assess if ethnic discrimination has occurred and whether trauma-informed approaches are needed.

关键词： children with special health care needs Ethnic discrimination United States

Influence of B4c and ZrB2 reinforcements on microstructural,mechanical and wear behaviour of AA 2014 aluminium matrix hybrid composites

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 242-254页

作者： ramesh Babu r rajendran c Saiyathibrahim A rajkumar Velu Department of Mechanical Engineering Karpagam Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore 641105India Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore 641008India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology JammuJammu and Kashmir 181221India

considering their affordability and high strength-to-weight ratio,lightweight aluminium alloys are the subject of intensive research aimed at improving their properties for use in the aerospace *** research effort aims to develop novel hybrid composites based on AA 2014 alloy through the use of liquid metallurgy stir casting to reinforce dual ceramic particles of Zirconium Diboride(ZrB_(2))and Boron carbide(B4c).The weight percentage(wt%)of ZrB_(2) was varied(0,5,10,and 15),while a constant 5 wt%of B4c was maintained during this *** as-cast samples have been assessed using an Optical Microscope(OM)and a Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(EDS).The properties such as hardness,tensile strength,and wear characteristics of stir cast specimens were assessed to examine the impact of varying weight percentages of reinforcements in AA 2014 *** particular,dry sliding wear behaviour was evaluated considering varied loads using a pin-on-disc *** the weight%of ZrB_(2) grew and B4c was incorporated,hybrid composites showed higher hardness,tensile strength,and wear ***,the incorporation of a cumulative reinforcement consisting of 15 wt%ZrB_(2) and 5 wt%B4c resulted in a significant 31.86%increase in hardness and a 44.1%increase in tensile strength compared to AA 2014 *** addition,it has been detected that wear resistance of hybrid composite pin(containing 20 wt%cumulative reinforcement)is higher than that of other stir cast wear test pins during the whole range of applied *** surfaces of tensile specimens showed ductile fracture in the AA 2014 matrix and mixed mode for hybrid *** surfaces obtained employing higher applied load indicated abrasive wear with little plastic deformation for hybrid composites and dominant adhesive wear for matrix ***,the superior mechanical and tribological performance of hybrid composites can be attributed to dual reinforcement pa

关键词： AA 2014 alloy Stir casting Hybrid composite Hardness Tensile strength Specific wear rate

Scalable Ir‑Doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)/TiO_(2)Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H_(2)Production

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 1-18页

作者： Sukhwa Hong Jiseon Kim Jaebeom Park Sunmi Im Michael r.Hoffmann Kangwoo cho Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 790−784Korea Linde Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Institute for convergence research and Education in Advanced Technology(I‑crEATE) Yonsei University International CampusIncheon 21983Republic of Korea

Wastewater electrolysis cells(WEcs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2)production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy *** study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2)overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment *** dilute(0.1 M)Nacl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2)marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).robust operation in near-neutral pH was *** including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic *** electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive *** scaled-up WEc with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.

关键词： Wastewater electrolysis cell Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4) reactive chlorine species Decentralized H_(2)production On-site wastewater treatment

Experimental and computational study of smoke dynamics from multiple fire sources inside a large-volume building

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Building Simulation 2021年第4期14卷 1147-1161页

作者： Gabriele Vigne Wojciech Węgrzyński Alexis cantizano Pablo Ayala Guillermo rein cándido Gutiérrez-montes Fluid Dynamics Division of the Department of Mining and Mechanical Engineering Universidad de JaénJaénSpain Institute for research in Technology ICAIUniversidad Pontificia ComillasMadridSpain Building research Institute(ITB) WarsawPoland Imperial college London LondonUK JVVA Fire&risk MadridSpain

Fire in large-volume buildings poses separate and distinct challenges from compartmented *** particular,the risk it poses on life safety is mostly due to the smoke it produces,its effects on the evacuation process,and how it can affect the firefighters when they approach the building to fight the fire and rescue the *** is why smoke control in large-volume enclosures is of utter importance for life safety,property protection and business *** research presents an experimental and numerical study of the smoke dynamics from four fire sources(combined heat release rate of 5.2 MW)with different ignition times and under transient ventilation conditions,inside a 20 m high cubic *** measurements in the plume and close to the walls have been recorded using 59 *** data was used in the determination of the smoke layer interface height,with the least-square and the N-Percent *** show that significantly worse conditions are induced by multiple sources than those in a single fire of equal *** results have been obtained using the computational fluid dynamics code FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator,v6.7.1).The comparison shows that in the far field the temperature predictions are a.c.r.te inside the smoke layer(10 m and 15 m)with discrepancies lower than 10%,whereas higher significant discrepancies were observed at the smoke layer interface,i.e.5 m high,with discrepancies up to 20%.Furthermore,a grid analysis has been performed showing that grid resolutions,D*/δ,based on the global Hrr of the fire might be sufficient to predict the fire induced conditions far from the *** analysis confirmed the applicability of FDS to the assessment of the smoke dynamics under complex fire conditions away from ***,the present work shows the importance of considering fires with multiple sources due to the faster smoke production compared with single fires.

关键词： experiments simulation fire buildings FDS cFD

Ultra‑Transparent and Multifunctional IZVO Mesh Electrodes for Next‑Generation Flexible Optoelectronics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 293-309页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram D.Dongale Atul c.Khot chenjie Yao Nahyun Kim Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversityAnam‑ro 145Seongbuk‑guSeoulRepublic of Korea computational Electronics and Nanoscience research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and BiotechnologyShivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India

Mechanically durable transparent electrodes are essential for achieving long-term stability in flexible optoelectronic ***,they are crucial for applications in the fields of energy,display,healthcare,and soft *** meshes represent a promising alternative to traditional,brittle,metal oxide conductors due to their high electrical conductivity,optical transparency,and enhanced mechanical *** this paper,we present a simple method for fabricating an ultra-transparent conducting metal oxide mesh electrode using selfcracking-assisted *** this method,we produced an electrode with ultra-transparency(97.39%),high conductance(rs=21.24Ωsq^(−1)),elevated work function(5.16 eV),and good mechanical *** also evaluated the effectiveness of the fabricated electrodes by integrating them into organic photovoltaics,organic light-emitting diodes,and flexible transparent memristor devices for neuromorphic computing,resulting in exceptional device *** addition,the unique porous structure of the vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh electrodes provided excellent flexibility,rendering them a promising option for application in flexible optoelectronics.

关键词： Self-cracking template Vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh Organic solar cells Organic light-emitting diodes Flexible transparent memory