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Sex and stress modulate pupal defense response in tobacco hornworm

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Current Zoology 2023年第5期69卷 592-599页

作者： Sukhman Singh Sakshi Watts Ishveen Kaur Isabella rodriguez Jessica Ayala Dariela rodriguez Elian Martin Rupesh Kariyat Department of Entomology The Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16802USA Department of Biology The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyEdinburgTX 78539USA School of Earth Environmental and Marine Sciences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyEdinburgTX 78539USA Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA

In insects,larval and adult defenses against predators have been well studied.However,pupal(also known as resting stage)defenses have been overlooked and not examined thoroughly.Although some pupa possess antipredator strategies such as hairs,spines,cryptic coloration,and exudation of chemicals,few studies have tested these responses and the factors affecting them.Here,we investigated the behavioral responses in tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta that pupates in soil by introducing an external stimulus using vibrations from an electric toothbrush to mimic predation.We observed that M.sexta made violent wriggling(twitching),followed by pulsating movements in response to the vibrational stimulus.Detailed examination showed that these twitches and pulsating events occurred more frequently and for longer periods of time in male pupa and were dependent on the magnitude of the stress(high and low frequency).However,when we estimated the angular force exerted by pupa using radian and angular momentum of twitches,it was found to be independent of pupal sex.A follow-up experiment on possible cascading effects of stress exposure on eclosion success revealed that low-and high-frequency stress exposure didn’t cause any of the common defects in eclosed adults.Our study clearly demonstrates that the so-called defenseless pupal stage uses a wide range of measurable defense behaviors that can actively defend against predators and should be examined further-linking observed behavior with underlying mechanisms.

关键词： hornworm predation pupal defenses pupal sex twitching

Factors affecting the spatial distribution and breeding habitat of an insular cliff-nesting raptor community

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Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 173-181页

作者： Beneharo rodriguez Airam rodriguez Felipe SIVERIO Manuel SIVERIO Canary Islands' Ornithology and Natural History Group (GOHNIC) La Malecita s/n 38480 Buenavista del NorteTenerife Canary Islands Spain Department of Evolutionary Ecology Estacion Biologica de DoSana (CSIC)Avda. Americo Vespucio s/n Seville 41092 Spain

The specific spatial distribution and habitat association-strongly influenced by environmental factors or competitive interactions-are major issues in ecology and conservation. We located and georeferenced nesting sites of five cliff-nesting raptors (Egyptian vulture [a locally extinct species], common buzzard , osprey , common kestrel , Barbary falcon ), and common raven on one of the most biodiverse hotspot within the Canary Islands (Teno, Tenerife). We used generalized linear models to evaluate the factors affecting abundance, richness, and intra- and interspecific interactions. Raptor abundance increased with slope, shrub-covered area, and habitat diversity, and decreased with altitude, and forested and grassed areas. Richness increased with slope and decreased with altitude. Threatened species (osprey, Barbary falcon, and raven) occupied cliffs farther away from houses and roads, and more rugged areas than the non-threatened species. The models suggested that the probability of cliff occupation by buzzards, falcons, and ravens depended only on inter-specific interactions. Buzzard occupation increased with the distance to the nearest raven and kestrel nests, whereas falcons and ravens seek proximity to each other. Teno holds between 75% and 100% of the insular breeding populations of the most endangered species (osprey and raven), indicating the high conservation value of this area. Our study suggests that the preservation of rugged terrains and areas of low human pressure are key factors for raptor conservation and provide basic knowledge on the community structure and habitat associations to develop appropriated management actions for these fragile island populations.

关键词：产地差异猛禽峡谷嵌套繁殖社区海岛分发

Dual regulation of SnRK2 signaling by Raf-like MAPKKKs

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Molecular Plant 2022年第8期15卷 1260-1262页

作者： Gaston A.Pizzio Pedro L.rodriguez Institutode Biologia Molecular y Celularde Plantas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia46022 ValenciaSpain

Plants must adapt to unfavorable growth conditions such as drought,salinity,or extreme temperature and,in addition,need the flexibility to resume growth when conditions become favorable.Sensing of extracellular environmental stress and signal transduction rely on pathways that in many cases use phosphorylation of target proteins to amplify and transmit the extracellular signal.

关键词： SnRK2 extracellular resume

Production of electrical energy from living plants in microbial fuel cells

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Clean Energy 2023年第2期7卷 408-416页

作者： Raymond Daniel rodriguez Martinez Maria Eugenia Alvarez Bermudez Department of Industrial Production Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad Metropolitana1073 CaracasVenezuela Department of Energy and Automation Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad Metropolitana1073 CaracasVenezuela

Growing energy demand is a current problem with greater incidence in the future.The research objective is to establish seed bases to give a leading role to plants used in anthropogenic production activities and consumption,and even plants belonging to wildlife in terms of energy production.The use of living plants to obtain electrical energy through a microbial-vegetable fuel cell is proposed as a mech-anism to supply the energy demand with easy access worldwide,especially in areas far from urban centres.In this work,the voltage produced by microbial-vegetable fuel cells was measured using graphite electrodes and plants belonging to the species of aloe(Aloe vera),corn(Zea mays),black beans(Phaseolus vulgaris),tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)and moss(Dicranidae).They were selected for their presence in everyday life and their great commercial and agricultural value,reaching a maximum voltage of 884 mV from moss.There is evidence that all plants can be a source of energy to a greater or lesser extent and that their performance is given by the plant root interactions at the electrodes.However,an extensive root system can favour the accumulation of substrate after the hydrolysis of dead roots,provided that their presence does not interfere with microbial activity on the anodic surface.For this,using plants with low resistance to thermal stress can lead to a substrate richer in substances that can be decomposed.Therefore,it is recommended to use plants according to their life cycle and the morphology of their roots,and plants that can grow in waterlogged conditions or without direct contact with the Sun.

关键词： ecosystems microorganisms renewable energy photosynthesis sustainability

Small-signal Model for Dual-active-bridge Converter Considering Total Elimination of Reactive Current

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第2期9卷 450-458页

作者： Juan Ramon rodriguez-rodriguez Nadia Maria Salgado-Herrera Jacinto Torres-Jimenez Nestor Gonzalez-Cabrera David Granados-Lieberman Martin Valtierra-rodriguez the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Facultad de IngenieriaDepto.Energia Electri-ca.Av.Universidad 3000Col.UNAM CUCoyoacanCDMXMexico the Instituto de Energias Renovables Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoPriv.Xochicalco s/nCol.Centro.TemixcoMorelosMexico the Instituto Tec-nologico Superior de Irapuato Carretera Irapuato-Silao km 12.5.IrapuatoGuanajuatoMexico the Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro Campus San Juan del RioRio Moctezuma 249San Juan del RioQueretaroMexico

Emerging technologies such as electric vehicles,solid-state transformers,and DC transformers are implemented using the closed-loop bi-directional dual-active-bridge(DAB)converter.In this context,it is necessary to have average models that provide an efficient way of tuning the proportional integral(PI)compensator parameters for large-and small-signal applications.We present a novel small-signal model(SSM)for DAB converter with a single closed-loop PI controller and the total elimination of reactive current(IQ=0).The method applies a modulation technique for IQ=0 and introduces a composite function in the controller while reducing the original nonlinear switching model,which allows to decrease the order of the transfer function and analyze the closed-loop operation.The proposed SSM is analyzed using different response time,load,and DC voltage changes.The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the ease of implementation and effectiveness of the proposed model with respect to other SSM techniques.

关键词： Small-signal model(SSM) dual-active-bridge(DAB)converter reactive current elimination proportional integral(PI)control

Liver-adipose tissue crosstalk in alcohol-associated liver disease: The role of mTOR

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Liver Research 2022年第4期6卷 227-237页

作者： Yssa rodriguez Jack Dunfield Tyson Roderique Hong-Min Ni Department of Pharmacology Toxicology and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA

Background:Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)is a major chronic liver disease around the world without successful treatment.Acute alcoholic hepatitis is one of the most severe forms of ALD with high mortality,which is often associated with binge drinking.Alcohol drinking dysregulates lipid metabolism,increases adipose tissue lipolysis,and induces liver steatosis and adipose tissue atrophy.Increasing ev-idence implicates that crosstalk of liver and adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of ALD.Mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)is a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-like serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates lipid metabolism,cell proliferation and autophagy.However,the role of mTOR in regulating adipose-liver crosstalk in binge drinking-induced organ damage remains unclear.Methods:We generated liver-specific and adipocyte-specific regulatory-associated protein of mTOR(Rptor)knockout(Rptor LKO and Rptor AKO)as well as Mtor knockout(Mtor LKO and Mtor AKO)mice,by crossing Rptor flox and Mtor flox mice with albumin Cre or adiponectin Cre mice,respectively.In addition,we generated liver and adipocyte double deletion of Rptor or Mtor(Mtor LAKO and Rptor LAKO)mice.The knockout mice with their matched wild-type littermates(Rptor WT and Mtor WT)were subjected to acute gavage of 7 g/kg ethanol.Results:Mice with adipocyte deletion of Rptor or Mtor developed hepatomegaly and adipose tissue at-rophy.Alcohol gavage increased liver injury,hepatic steatosis and inflammation in mouse livers as demonstrated by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase activities,increased hepatic levels of tri-glyceride and increased hepatic numbers of CD68 positive macrophages in mouse livers after alcohol gavage.Liver injury was further exacerbated by deletion of adipocyte Rptor or Mtor.Serum adipokine array analysis revealed that increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF a as well as chemokine MCP-1 following acute alcohol gavage in wild-type mice,which were further increased in adipocyte-specific Mtor or Rptor knocko

关键词： Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD) Liver injury Mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR) Adipose atrophy Adipokine Liver-adipose tissue crosstalk

Foot and ankle surgery:Tourniquet placement site to cause as little postoperative pain as possible

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 498-500页

作者： Emerito Carlos rodriguez-Merchan Department of Orthopedic Surgery La Paz University Hospital-IdiPazMadrid 28046Spain Osteoarticular Surgery Research Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research-IdiPAZ(La Paz University Hospital-Autonomous University of Madrid)Madrid 28046Spain

There is controversy in the literature on where to place the tourniquet(thigh,calf,ankle)for foot and ankle surgery.While some authors prefer the ankle tourniquet to the calf tourniquet,others state that the surgeon can decide between using the thigh tourniquet or the ankle tourniquet,since there was no difference in postoperative pain between them.Where to place the tourniquet during foot and ankle surgery to cause the least possible postoperative pain to the patient as a result of the tourniquet is a common question in clinical practice.The reality is that,unfortunately,there is no consensus on this issue.Perhaps the only possible way to answer this question would be to conduct a comparative study with sufficient statistical power to reach scientifically sound conclusions.It does not seem easy to carry out such a study,but it would be important to be able to answer the question posed in the title of this Editorial once and for all.

关键词： Surgery Foot Ankle Tourniquet Site Postoperative pain

Parkinson’s disease and diabetes mellitus: common mechanisms and treatment repurposing

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1652-1658页

作者： Carmen M.Labandeira Arturo Fraga-Bau David Arias Ron Elena Alvarez-rodriguez Pablo Vicente-Alba Javier Lago-Garma Ana I.rodriguez-Perez Department of Clinical Neurology Hospital Alvaro CunqueiroUniversity Hospital ComplexVigoSpain Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson’s Disease Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases(CIMUS)IDISUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Department of Clinical Oncology University Hospital ComplexOurenseSpain Department of Endocrinology Hospital MeixoeiroUniversity Hospital ComplexVigoSpain Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases(CiberNed) MadridSpain

In the last decade,attention has become greater to the relationship between neurodegeneration and abnormal insulin signaling in the central nervous system,as insulin in the brain is implicated in neuronal survival,plasticity,oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.Diabetes mellitus and Parkinson’s disease are both aging-associated diseases that are turning into epidemics worldwide.Diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance not only increase the possibility of developing Parkinson’s disease but can also determine the prognosis and progression of Parkinsonian symptoms.Today,there are no available curative or disease modifying treatments for Parkinson’s disease,but the role of insulin and antidiabetic medications in neurodegeneration opens a door to treatment repurposing to fight against Parkinson’s disease,both in diabetic and nondiabetic Parkinsonian patients.Furthermore,it is essential to comprehend how a frequent and treatable disease such as diabetes can influence the progression of neurodegeneration in a challenging disease such as Parkinson’s disease.Here,we review the present evidence on the connection between Parkinson’s disease and diabetes and the consequential implications of the existing antidiabetic molecules in the severity and development of Parkinsonism,with a particular focus on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.

关键词： antidiabetic diabetes mellitus dopamine exenatide glucagon-like peptide-1 insulin neurodegeneration neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease repurposing

OTB-morph:One-time Biometrics via Morphing

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第6期20卷 855-871页

作者： Mahdi Ghafourian Julian Fierrez Ruben Vera-rodriguez Aythami Morales Ignacio Serna Biometrics and Data Pattern Analytics Laboratory(BiDA Lab) Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain

Cancelable biometrics are a group of techniques to transform the input biometric to an irreversible feature intentionally using a transformation function and usually a key in order to provide security and privacy in biometric recognition systems.This transformation is repeatable enabling subsequent biometric comparisons.This paper introduces a new idea to be exploited as a transformation function for cancelable biometrics aimed at protecting templates against iterative optimization attacks.Our proposed scheme is based on time-varying keys(random biometrics in our case)and morphing transformations.An experimental implementation of the proposed scheme is given for face biometrics.The results confirm that the proposed approach is able to withstand leakage attacks while improving the recognition performance.

关键词： Biometrics face recognition template protection morphing security