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Rising utilization of stable isotopes in tree rings for climate change and forest ecology

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 103-116页

作者： Ru Huang Chenxi Xu Jussi Grießinger Xiaoyu Feng Haifeng Zhu Achim bräuning National Institute of Natural Hazards Beijing 100085People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044People’s Republic of China Institute of Geography Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Analyses of stable isotopes(C,O,H)in tree rings are increasingly important cross-disciplinary *** rapid development in this field documented in an increasing number of publications requires a comprehensive *** study includes a bibliometric analysis-based review to better understand research trends in tree ring stable isotope ***,1475 publications were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection for *** findings are that:(1)numbers of annual publications and citations increased since *** 1974 to 1980,there were around two relevant publications per ***,from 2020 to 2022,this rose sharply to 109 publications per ***,average article citations were less than four per year before 1990,but were around four per article per year after 2000;(2)the major subjects using tree ring stable isotopes include forestry,geosciences,and environmental sciences,contributing to 42.5%of the total during 1974-2023;(3)the top three most productive institutions are the Chinese Academy of Sciences(423),the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest,Snow and Landscape Research(227),and the University of Arizona(204).These achievements result from strong collaborations;(4)review papers,for example,(Dawson et al.,Annu Rev Ecol Syst 33:507-559,2002)and(McCarroll and Loader,Quat Sci Rev 23:771-801,2004),are among the most cited,with more than 1000 citations;(5)tree ring stable isotope studies mainly focus on climatology and ecology,with atmospheric CO_(2) one of the most popular *** 2010,precipitation and drought have received increasing *** on this analysis,the research stages,key findings,debated issues,limitations and direc-tions for future research are *** study serves as an important attempt to understand the progress on the use of stable isotopes in tree rings,providing scientific guid-ance for young researchers in this field.

关键词： Tree rings Stable isotopes Web of Science Bibliometric

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长寿命UHPFRC组合钢桥面板研究综述

交通运输工程学报 2024年第1期24卷 68-84页

作者：段兰袁翊竑王春生 brÜHWILER Eugen 长安大学公路学院陕西西安710064 瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院结构维护与安全实验室沃州洛桑CH-1015

从三方面归纳与剖析了超高性能纤维增强水泥基(UHPFRC)复合材料组合钢桥面板的研究进展,包括强韧性组合层选材、界面传力机制与损伤累积机理、设计方法与工程应用;总结了纤维类型、纤维掺量对UHPFRC轴拉性能和抗弯性能的影响规律,确定... 详细信息

从三方面归纳与剖析了超高性能纤维增强水泥基(UHPFRC)复合材料组合钢桥面板的研究进展,包括强韧性组合层选材、界面传力机制与损伤累积机理、设计方法与工程应用;总结了纤维类型、纤维掺量对UHPFRC轴拉性能和抗弯性能的影响规律,确定了支撑组合钢桥面板结构分析的多种本构模型;对比分析了热连接、冷连接和混合连接组合界面设计方式的技术特点,归纳了胶粘界面、冷连接剪力键界面与混合连接界面的传力机理试验与理论研究成果;总结了基于冷连接设计理念的组合钢桥面板在合理构造、设计方法、规范规程与工程实践等方面的研究成果,并探讨了长寿命组合钢桥面板的创新与发展方向。研究结果表明:单一或混杂纤维的掺入综合提升了UHPFRC的应变强化能力、弯曲变形能力、抗断裂能力、裂缝宽度控制能力和抗疲劳性能,轴拉条件下UHPFRC三线型简化本构模型有力支撑了组合钢桥面板的设计计算,弹塑性损伤本构模型可描述不可逆疲劳损伤累积;验证了冷连接组合界面的增韧效果与可靠性,新型剪力键既可以提高组合效应,也能增韧UHPFRC层,混合连接界面具有降低界面局部应力集中、提高整体界面抗剪刚度、改善界面传力、提升施工效率等综合技术优势,内聚界面本构模型可实现冷连接界面损伤累积反演分析,界面损伤预测结果准确可靠;基于冷连接的UHPFRC组合钢桥面板可以有效提高钢桥面板的局部刚度,相关设计方法可支撑标准的编制与工程实践;应进一步提升UHPFRC的性价比和界面连接的高效性和可靠性,以支撑组合钢桥面板的长寿命、强韧性、轻量化、易维护、低能耗设计与建造。

关键词：桥梁工程长寿命 UHPFRC组合钢桥面板冷连接件组合界面设计准则免蒸养

Evaluation of a complex couplet care intervention in a neonatal intensive care unit:A mixed methods study protocol

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Pediatric Investigation 2024年第2期8卷 139-148页

作者： Michella Bjerregaard Anna Axelin Emma Louise Malchau Carlsen Hans Okkels Birk Ingrid Poulsen Patrick Palisz Thomas Kallemose Anne brødsgaard Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Amager HvidovreHvidovreDenmark Department of Public Health Faculty of HealthResearch Unit for Nursing and HealthcareUniversity of AarhusAarhusDenmark Department of Nursing Science University of TurkuTurkuFinland Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of Public Health Section of Health Service ResearchUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of People and Technology Roskilde UniversityRoskildeDenmark Department of Clinical Research Copenhagen University Hospital Amager HvidovreHvidovreDenmark Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Copenhagen University Hospital Amager HvidovreHvidovreDenmark

Background:Families with an infant in need of intensive care most often experience a harmful separation after *** is due to a division of medical specialties into neonatal care and maternal ***,a couplet care intervention is implemented for mother-infant dyads in a neonatal intensive care *** study protocol provides a comprehensive evaluation of the *** aim is to evaluate the effect and implementation of a complex couplet care intervention to promote zero separation between mother and ***:The couplet care intervention is a family-centered model of care,where treatment-requiring mother-infant dyads will be admitted together and receive couplet care by neonatal *** study adheres to the framework of the Medical Research Council and will use a mixed methods embedded design comprising a quasi-experimental trial and a qualitative process ***,a health economic evaluation will be conducted to assess the cost-effectiveness of this complex couplet care ***:Separation of mother-infant dyads after birth has an adverse impact on family health and *** study protocol evaluates a complex couplet care *** this study,a first step is taken to help bridge the gap between current practices and a new care model to prevent the separation of mothers and their infants.

关键词： Complex interventions Couplet care Family-centered care Neonatology Zero separation

Localized-states quantum confinement induced by roughness in CdMnTe/CdTe heterostructures grown on Si(111) substrates

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第9期45卷 28-35页

作者： Leonarde N.Rodrigues Wesley F.Inoch Marcos L.F.Gomes Odilon D.D.Couto Jr. bráulio S.Archanjo Sukarno O.Ferreira Physics Department Federal University of ViçosaViçosa36570-900Minas GeraisBrazil Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin Universidade Estadual de CampinasCampinas13083-859São PauloBrazil National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology(Inmetro) Materials Metrology Division(DIMAT)Xerém2525-020Rio de JaneiroBrazil

This work shows that despite a lattice mismatch of almost 20%, CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructures grown directly on Si(111) have surprisingly good optical emission properties. The investigated structures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy and characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy, macro-and micro-photoluminescence. Low temperature macro-photoluminescence experiments indicate three emission bands which depend on the CdTe layer thickness and have different confinement characteristics. Temperature measurements reveal that the lower energy emission band (at 1.48 eV)is associated to defects and bound exciton states, while the main emission at 1.61 eV has a weak 2D character and the higher energy one at 1.71 eV has a well-defined (zero-dimensional, 0D) 0D nature. Micro-photoluminescence measurements show the existence of sharp and strongly circularly polarized (up to 40%) emission lines which can be related to the presence of Mn in the heterostructure. This result opens the possibility of producing photon sources with the typical spin control of the diluted magnetic semiconductors using the low-cost silicon technology.

关键词： CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructure CdTe/CdMnTe quantum emitters quantum dot-like emission silicon(111)substrate

Stranched Internal Hernia Revealed by Occlusion of the Large Libra: A Propos of a Case

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 37-42页

作者： Abdoulaye Kanté Mamady Almami Kéita Idrissa Tounkara Drissa Ouattara bréhima Bengaly Souleymane Sanogo bréhima Togola Drissa Traoré Nouhoum Ongoiba General Surgery Department of The Kati-Mali Reference Health Center Koulikoro Mali Service of Surgery “B” of The CHU Du Point G Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology Bamako Mali

The left para-duodenal internal hernia, whose origin is generally embryological, is a rare etiology of intestinal obstruction found mainly in young adults. We report here the case of acute intestinal obstruction by left para-duodenal internal hernia in a 36-year-old young man. It was a patient who consulted urgently for occlusive syndrome with cessation of materials and gases. Abdominal percussion noted abdominal tympanism and pre-hepatic dullness was preserved. The flow and icicle signs were negative. Palpation did not objectify hepatosplenomegaly and did not find any organomegaly either. On the other hand, she found an epigastric defense. The abdominal X-ray without preparation showed water levels that were wider than high, hail-like. We performed a median above and below umbilical laparotomy and intraoperatively, it was an internal hernia with incarceration of small loops in a voluminous left paraduodenal sac of 12 cm. They were not necrotic and quickly recolored after extrication. We resected the hernial sac and closed the hernial orifice with separate stitches with absorbable suture 0. The postoperative course was simple. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 4th postoperative day. After 18 months of hindsight, he is doing well.

关键词： Paraduodenal Internal Hernia Occlusion Laparotomy

Investigating the inflow into a granular bed using a locally resolved method

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 89-101页

作者： Maximilian brommer Maik Scharnowski Enric Illana Mahiques Siegmar Wirtz Viktor Scherer Ruhr University Bochum Institute of Energy Plant TechnologyUniversitätsstraβe 15044780BochumGermany

Discrete Element Method-Computational Fluid Dynamics(DEM/CFD)simulations of industrial-scale granular systems employ spatial averaging(porous media approach)for the fluid-particle interaction in the whole domain,which can lead to poor accuracy,for instance at flow inlets,as local particle bulk morphology is not *** paper presents an approach where the interstitial flow in crucial areas with large gradients can be resolved locally in an otherwise unresolved domain,so that a mixed resolved-unresolved method is *** a generic example to show the feasibility and performance of the new approach,the inflow of ambient air into a flat-bottom hopper through a narrow orifice is *** an experimental setup,the vertical profile of the pressure decay through the inlet and across the packing is chosen for com-parison with respective *** obtained with the conventional porous media method and the locally resolved approach are compared to these experiments for varying volume flow rates and for two different particle *** of different size as well as dodecahedrons are *** is found that although averaging methods already provide good approximations,the locally resolved method can improve the result especially when conventional drag laws are not applicable due to wall effects or if large velocity gradients exist.

关键词： DEM/CFD Packed bed Pressure drop

Digestive Surgical Emergencies at the “Mother Child”Hospital Center Luxembourg in Mali

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Surgical Science 2024年第5期15卷 299-310页

作者： Cheickna Tounkara Amara Coulibaly Yaya Ongoiba Aboubakrine Sylla Abdoul Karim Simaga bréhima B. Coulibaly Aminata Dabo Souleymane Dembele Samake Hamidou Sidiki Keita Sékou bréhima Koumare Soumaïla Keita Bakary Tientigui Dembele Zimogo Zié Sanogo Djibril Sangare Department of General Surgery and Anesthesia-Resuscitation of the “ Mother Child&#8221 Hospital Center Luxembourg Bamako Mali Social Health Service of the Armed Forces of Mali Bamako Mali Department of General Surgery “ A&#8221 and Cardiovascular of Point G University Hospital Bamako Mali Department of General Surgery of CHU Gabriel TOURE Bamako Mali

Digestive surgical emergencies concern all patients admitted urgently, for whom a decision for surgical intervention may be necessary within 24 hours. They are on guard duty day and night. To carry out this work, we set ourselves the objectives of: 1) Studying digestive surgical emergencies in the general surgery department of the “Mother Child” Le Luxembourg hospital in Bamako, Mali;2) Determine the frequency of digestive surgical emergencies, 3) Describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects, and 4) Analyze the results of treatment. From November 1, 2022 to October 31, 2023, the general surgery department of the “Mother Child” Luxembourg Hospital Center in Bamako, Mali, carried out 139 digestive surgical emergencies whose files were usable;75 men and 64 women, a sex ratio of 1.2. The 20 - 40 years old age group was the most represented, at 40.29%. The average age was 39 years;the extremes 16 years and 93 years with a standard deviation of 21.65 years. The reference concerned 51.08% of our patients. Abdominal pain was the main reason for consultation (100% of cases). In the majority of cases, the physical examination made it possible to make the diagnosis. Faced with certain clinical cases, we requested ultrasound (109/139), ASP (46/139) and CT (15/139). The main etiology was acute appendicitis with 42.45% of cases. The frequency of digestive surgical emergencies was 10.71% of all activities in the general surgery department of the “Mère Enfant” Le Luxembourg hospital center in Bamako. All our patients were seen in consultation by an anesthesiologist before entering the operating room. The surgical consequences were complicated in 11.51% of cases with 7.91% deaths. Surgical site infections accounted for 12.5% of postoperative complications. Eleven deaths were noted, representing 68.75% of complications and 7.91% of our sample. Acute peritonitis was the cause of death in 100% of cases. The average cost of care was 329,000 FCFA.

关键词： Emergency Digestive Surgery Post-Operative Complication

Comparing two IBM implementations for the simulation of uniform packed beds

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 1-12页

作者： Christian Gorges Maximilian brommer Christin Velten Siegmar Wirtz Enric Illana Mahiques Viktor Scherer Katharina Zahringer Berend van Wachem Mechanical Process Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat MagdeburgUniversitatsplatz 239106MagdeburgGermany Department of Energy Plant Technology Ruhr-Universitat BochumUniversitatsstraBe 15044780BochumGermany Laboratory of Fluid Dynamics and Technical Flows Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat MagdeburgUniversitatsplatz 239106MagdeburgGermany

Nowadays,the design of fixed packed bed reactors still relies on empirical correlations,which,especially for small tube to particle diameter ratios,are mostly too inaccurate because of the presence of wall ***,the simulation of fixed packed bed reactors plays an important role to predict and control the flow and process parameters in such,nowadays and in the *** of its straightforward applicability to non-uniform packings with particles of arbitrary shapes,the immersed boundary method(IBM)has advantages over other numerical methods and is used more and more *** paper compares two approaches of IBMs for the simulation of fixed bed reactors with spherical shaped *** classic,smooth approach is compared to the straightforward to implement blocked-off method for velocity fields above the fixed bed for particle Reynolds numbers of 300 and *** from experimental inline PIV-measurements of the reactor to be simulated serve as a basis for *** good agreement with the experiment is found for both simulation methodologies with higher resolutions,considering the more stable flow at a particle Reynolds number of *** in the different IBM approaches occurred for the more unsteady flow at a particle Reynolds number of *** to the blocked-off method,the smooth IBM reflects the formation of additional jets and recirculation zones better right above the bed,though increasing the fluid mesh resolution improves the accuracy of the blocked-off ***,a more diffusive behaviour is found for the blocked-off simulations due to the stairstep representation,which is avoided by using interpolation stencils as in the smooth *** higher mesh refinement in the blocked-off IBM this effect can be reduced,but this also increases the computational effort.

关键词： Immersed boundary method Packed bed reactor Uniform particle packing

Nephroblastoma in Adults about a Clinical Case

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Surgical Science 2024年第2期15卷 81-88页

作者： Tounkara Cheickna Coulibaly Amara Malle Oumar Amadou bréhima Bolo Coulibaly Bagoyoko Kaloga Daye Samake Hamidou Berthe Honoré Jean-Baptiste Gabriel Diakite Mamadou Lamine Department of General Surgery Hospital Center “Mother Child” Luxembourg Bamako Mali Directorate of Army Health Services Kati Mali Department of Urology and Andrology Point G University Hospital Bamako Mali

Nephroblastoma is the most common malignant renal tumor in children and is related to an abnormal proliferation of cells resembling those of the embryonic kidney (metanephroma), hence the terminology;embryonal tumor. These are tumors that remain and remain unstudied in Mali because they are common in adults in our context. Its annual incidence is estimated at approximately 1/10,000 births. Nephroblastoma is a rare or even exceptional tumor in adults. The clinical manifestation was a large swelling of the right hypochondrium;abdominal pain for a year;unquantified fever, hypertension, initial hematuria associated with burning during urination and anemia. The main clinical manifestation remained fever and abdominal pain. This renal tumor posed a diagnostic problem which was previously labeled as a mesenteric tumor in our general surgery department. The diagnosis was made by imaging: CT and magnetic resonance imaging. The treatment is multidisciplinary and combines chemotherapy, surgery with or without radiotherapy. The prognosis is poor due to late diagnosis and less effectiveness of chemotherapy compared to the child. Survival did not exceed a year and a half because the renal tumor in our patient was surgically overcome. We report a case of nephroblastoma in an 86-year-old patient with unfavorable histology (hematogenous metastases), operated on in the general surgery department and whose postoperative course was simple and who was referred to oncology for treatment.

关键词： Nephroblastoma Malignant Kidney Tumor Treatment Adult Mali