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Direct Observation of early-Stage Polymer Crystallization Driven by Surface Wrinkling and Compressive Stress in Thin Films

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2025年第2期43卷 360-367页

作者： Peng Zhang Stephan V.Roth Peter Muller-Buschbaum Tian-Bai he School of Materials Science and engineering Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationInstitute of Green Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Deutsches elektronen-Synchrotron(DeSY) Notkestrasse 8522607HamburgGermany Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 56-58StockholmSE-10044Sweden TUM School of Natural Sciences Department of PhysicsChair for Functional MaterialsTechnical University of MunichJames-Franck-Str.1Garching85748Germany heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Zentrum(MLZ) Technical University of MunichLichtenbergstr.1Garching85748Germany State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryGraduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China

The early stages of crystallization and occurrence of surface wrinkling were investigated using poly(butadiene)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone)with an ordered lamellar *** evidence has demonstrated that surface wrinkling precedes nucleation and crystal *** study examined the relationship between surface wrinkling,nucleation,and the formation of crystalline supramolecular structures using atomic force microscopy(AFM)and X-ray scattering *** wrinkling is attributed to curving induced by accumulated stresses,including residual stress from the sample preparation and thermal stress during *** stresses cause large-scale material flow and corresponding changes in the molecular conformations,potentially reducing the nucleation *** hypothesis is supported by the rapid crystal growth observed following the spread of surface ***,the surface curving of the polymer thin film creates local minima of the free energy,facilitating *** nuclei subsequently grow into crystalline supramolecular structures by incorporating polymer molecules from the *** mechanism highlights the role of localized structural inhomogeneity in the early stages of crystallization and provides new insights into structure formation processes.

关键词： Polymer crystallization Nucleation Surface wrinkling Stress Thin film

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Ultrahigh energy and Power Density in Ni-Zn Aqueous Battery via Superoxide-Activated Three-electron Transfer

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 63-76页

作者： Yixue Duan Bolong Li Kai Yang Zheng Gong Xuqiao Peng Liang he Derek Ho School of Mechanical engineering State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular health engineering Hong Kong Science ParkHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China

Aqueous Ni-Zn microbatteries are safe,reliable and inexpensive but notoriously suffer from inadequate energy and power ***,we present a novel mechanism of superoxide-activated Ni substrate that realizes the redox reaction featuring three-electron transfers(Ni↔Ni3+).The superoxide activates the direct redox reaction between Ni substrate and KNiO_(2)by lowering the reaction Gibbs free energy,supported by in-situ Raman and density functional theory *** prepared chronopotentiostatic superoxidation-activated Ni(CPS-Ni)electrodes exhibit an ultrahigh capacity of 3.21 mAh cm^(-2)at the current density of 5 mA cm^(-2),nearly 8 times that of traditional one-electron processes *** under the ultrahigh 200 mA cm^(-2)current density,the CPS-Ni electrodes show 86.4%capacity retention with a Columbic efficiency of 99.2%after 10,000 *** CPS-Ni||Zn microbattery achieves an exceptional energy density of 6.88 mWh cm^(-2)and power density of 339.56 mW cm^(-2).Device demonstration shows that the power source can continuously operate for more than 7 days in powering the sensing and computation intensive practical application of photoplethysmographic waveform *** work paves the way to the development of multi-electron transfer mechanisms for advanced aqueous Ni-Zn batteries with high capacity and long lifetime.

关键词： Superoxide Multiple electron transfer Ni aqueous battery AIoT power source Wearable health monitoring

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Long-term trends and response of wet ammonia deposition to changes in anthropogenic emissions in the Pearl River delta of China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 373-386页

作者： Mingyue Li Lyumeng Ye Ming Chang Weihua Chen Shuidi he Buqing Zhong Xuemei Wang Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for environmental Quality Institute for Environmental and Climate ResearchJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China South China Institute of environmental Sciences The Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PRCGuangzhou 510530China Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

The Pearl River Delta(PRD)region has been identified as a significant hotspot of wet ammonium ***,the absence of long-term monitoring data in the area hinders the comprehension of the historical trends and changes in wet NH_(4)^(+)-N deposition in response to emissions,which interferes with the ability to make effective *** study has analyzed the long-term trends of wet NH_(4)^(+)-N deposition flux and has quantified the effect of anthropogenic emissions and meteorological factors at a typical urban site and a typical forest site in the PRD region from 2009 to *** revealed a significant decreasing trend in wet NH_(4)^(+)-N flux in both the typical urban and forest areas of the PRD region,at-6.2%/year(pear(pemissions are thought to have contributed 47%–57%of the wet NH_(4)^(+)-N deposition trend over the past 12 years compared to meteorological *** conditions dominated the interannual fluctuations in wet NH_(4)^(+)-N deposition with an absolute contribution of 46%–52%,while anthropogenic emissions change alone explained 10%–31%.NH_(3)emissions have the greatest impact on the urban area among anthropogenic emission factors,while SO_(2)emissions have the greatest impact on the forest ***,precipitation was identified as the primary meteorological driver for both *** findings also imply that the benefits of NH_(3)emissions reductions might not immediately emerge due to interference from weather-related factors.

关键词： Long-term trends Inter-annual variation Wet ammonium deposition Anthropogenic emission change Meteorological condition The Pearl River Delta region

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Light Use efficiency Model Based on Chlorophyll Content Better Captures Seasonal Gross Primary Production Dynamics of Deciduous Broadleaf Forests

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Chinese Geographical Science 2025年第1期35卷 55-72页

作者： YANG Rongjuan LIU Ronggao LIU Yang CheN Jingming XU Mingzhu he Jiaying State Key Laboratory of Resources and environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical ecogeographical Processes of the Ministry of education School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Department of Geography and Planning University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G3Canada

Gross primary production(GPP)is a crucial indicator representing the absorption of atmospheric CO_(2) by *** present,the estimation of GPP by remote sensing is mainly based on leaf-related vegetation indexes and leaf-related biophysical para-meter leaf area index(LAI),which are not completely synchronized in seasonality with *** this study,we proposed chlorophyll content-based light use efficiency model(CC-LUe)to improve GPP estimates,as chlorophyll is the direct site of photosynthesis,and only the light absorbed by chlorophyll is used in the photosynthetic *** CC-LUe model is constructed by establishing a linear correlation between satellite-derived canopy chlorophyll content(Chlcanopy)and *** method was calibrated and validated utiliz-ing 7-d averaged in-situ GPP data from 14 eddy covariance flux towers covering deciduous broadleaf forest ecosystems across five dif-ferent climate *** showed a relatively robust seasonal consistency between Chlcanopy with GPP in deciduous broadleaf forests under different climatic *** CC-LUe model explained 88% of the in-situ GPP seasonality for all validation site-year and 56.0% of in-situ GPP variations through the growing season,outperforming the three widely used LUe models(MODIS-GPP algorithm,Vegetation Photosynthesis Model(VPM),and the eddy covariance-light use efficiency model(eC-LUe)).Additionally,the CC-LUe model(RMSe=0.50 g C/(m^(2)·d))significantly improved the underestimation of GPP during the growing season in semi-arid region,re-markably decreasing the root mean square error of averaged growing season GPP simulation and in-situ GPP by 75.4%,73.4%,and 37.5%,compared with MOD17(RMSe=2.03 g C/(m^(2)·d)),VPM(RMSe=1.88 g C/(m^(2)·d)),and eC-LUe(RMSe=0.80 g C/(m^(2)·d))*** chlorophyll-based method proved superior in capturing the seasonal variations of GPP in forest ecosystems,thereby provid-ing the possibility of a more precise depiction of forest seasonal carbon uptake.

关键词： canopy chlorophyll content(Chlcanopy) photosynthesis gross primary production(GPP) light use efficiency(LUe)model seasonal dynamics deciduous broadleaf forest(DBF)

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Occluded Gait emotion Recognition Based on Multi-Scale Suppression Graph Convolutional Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1255-1276页

作者： Yuxiang Zou Ning he Jiwu Sun Xunrui Huang Wenhua Wang Beijing Key Laboratory of Information Service engineering Beijing Union UniversityBeijing100101China College of Smart City Beijing Union UniversityBeijing100101China

In recent years,gait-based emotion recognition has been widely applied in the field of computer ***,existing gait emotion recognition methods typically rely on complete human skeleton data,and their accuracy significantly declines when the data is *** enhance the accuracy of gait emotion recognition under occlusion,this paper proposes a Multi-scale Suppression Graph ConvolutionalNetwork(MS-GCN).TheMS-GCN consists of three main components:Joint Interpolation Module(JI Moudle),Multi-scale Temporal Convolution Network(MS-TCN),and Suppression Graph Convolutional Network(SGCN).The JI Module completes the spatially occluded skeletal joints using the(K-Nearest Neighbors)KNN interpolation *** MS-TCN employs convolutional kernels of various sizes to comprehensively capture the emotional information embedded in the gait,compensating for the temporal occlusion of gait *** SGCN extracts more non-prominent human gait features by suppressing the extraction of key body part features,thereby reducing the negative impact of occlusion on emotion recognition *** proposed method is evaluated on two comprehensive datasets:emotion-Gait,containing 4227 real gaits from sources like BML,ICT-Pollick,and eLMD,and 1000 synthetic gaits generated using STeP-Gen technology,and eLMB,consisting of 3924 gaits,with 1835 labeled with emotions such as“Happy,”“Sad,”“Angry,”and“Neutral.”On the standard datasets emotion-Gait and eLMB,the proposed method achieved accuracies of 0.900 and 0.896,respectively,attaining performance comparable to other ***,on occlusion datasets,the proposedmethod significantly mitigates the performance degradation caused by occlusion compared to other methods,the accuracy is significantly higher than that of other methods.

关键词： KNN interpolation multi-scale temporal convolution suppression graph convolutional network gait emotion recognition human skeleton

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Tribo-piezoelectric hybrid nanogenerator based on temporary solution template process

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 97-105页

作者： Jinxian ZHANG Peng PAN Zhengchun YANG Jie he Peifeng ZeNG College of Integrated Circuit Science and engineering Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300382China

In this study,a friction piezoelectric hybrid nanogenerator(HNG)with a sponge-like structure was developed.A novel temporary solution template process was proposed to create smaller,uniformly distributed pores within the sponge structure,allowing for the complete volatilization of the porous agent without causing structural *** output voltage of the porous HNG structure was nearly twice that of its solid structure,demonstrating superior electrical output performance.A peak-to-peak open circuit voltage of 168 V,a short circuit current density of 36.41μA cm^(-2),and a maximum power density of 32 W m^(-2) were obtained at a load resistance of 200 MΩ by periodically compressing an HNG with a dimension of 0.8 cm×0.8 *** generated electricity was sufficient to directly illuminate 180 tandem white LeDs and power small electronic *** addition,this study shows that the HNG could detect electrical signals from different parts of the human body during movement,suggesting significant potential for applications in energy harvesting and motion sensing.

关键词： PDMS hybrid nanogenerator triboelectric piezoelectric flexible composites

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Linear polyurethanes with excellent comprehensive properties from poly(ethylene carbonate)diol

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 318-321页

作者： Xinyu Liu Jialin Yang Zonglin he Jiaoyan Ai Lina Song Baohua Liu School of Materials and energy Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

The synthesis of polyurethanes(PUs)from the reaction of low molecular weight poly(ethylene carbonate)diol(PeCD)is rarely *** work reports a novel PU with excellent mechanical properties from the solution polymerization of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI)with PeCD that was derived from the copolymerization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))and ethylene oxide(eO).The tensile strength,the elongation at break and 300%constant tensile strength of the PeCD-PU were up to 66±2 MPa,880%±50%and 13 MPa,respectively,higher than the control PUs from the reaction of MDI with commercial polyethers or *** PeCD-PU with high CO_(2) carbonate content exhibited good solvent resistance and chemical *** importance,the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of PeCD-PU were significantly enhanced with the increasing content of CO_(2),i.e.,the carbonate unit in *** work provides comprehensive properties of PeCD-derived PUs,indicating that PeCD is a competitive precursor for the preparation of PU and has broad application prospects.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Poly(ethylene carbonate)diol Polyurethane ethylene oxide Copolymerization

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Optimizing cooling approach of spiral coil for an electromagnetic steel teeming system of ladle in continuous casting production

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 85-94页

作者： Ming he Qing-wei Wang Li-jia Zhao Wang-zhong Mu Xing-an Liu Qiang Wang College of Horticulture Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang110866LiaoningChina Key Laboratory of electromagnetic Processing of Materials(Ministry of education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture(Ministry of education) Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang110866LiaoningChina Department of Materials Science and engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm10044Sweden

To address the current issues with the conventional slide gate system utilized in the steel teeming process,a unique electromagnetic induction controlled automated steel teeming(eICAST)technology has been *** means of spiral coil in this technology is directly related to its service ***,heat transfer processes of air cooling and spray cooling were compared and ***,the impacts of water temperature,water flow rate and air flow rate were examined in order to maximize the spray cooling *** maintain coil temperature at a low value consistently throughout the entire thermal cycle process of the ladle,a combined cooling mode was finally *** simulation was applied to examine the coil temperature variation with different cooling systems and *** coil operation,spray cooling is said to be more *** controlling the water flow rate and air flow rate,the spray cooling effect is ***,water temperature has little or no impact when using spray *** cooling during the secondary refining process and spray cooling prior to coil operation are combined to further lower coil *** the direction of the spray cooling is from bottom to top,the coil temperature is lowered below 165℃.A practical induction coil cooling plan was provided for the eICAST technology’s production process.

关键词： electromagnetic induction controlled automated steel teeming technology Spiral coil Spray cooling heat transfer Continuous casting

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Copper-catalyzed C–C bond cleavage coupling with C≡N bond formation toward mild synthesis of lignin-based benzonitriles

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 505-515页

作者： Qi Luo Shenglong Tian Qian Qiang Fei song Wentao Su Haiyan he Qingda An Changzhi Li Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic BiorefinerySchool of Light Industry and Chemical EngineeringDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China

N-participated lignin depolymerization is of great importance for the transformation of waste lignin into value-added *** vast majority of developed strategies employ organic amines as nitrogen source,and considerablemethods rely on excessive use of strong base,which suffers severe environmental ***,benzonitrile derivatives are synthesized from oxidized ligninβ-O-4 model compounds in the presence of solid nitrogen source(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3)under mild,base-free conditions over commercially available copper *** studies suggest the transformation undergoes a one-pot,highly coupled cascade reaction path involving oxidative C-C bond cleavage and in-situ formation of C≡N *** which,Cu(OAc)2 catalyzes the transfer of hydrogen from C_(β)(C_(β)-H)to C_(α),leading to the cleavage of C_(α)-C_(β)bonds to offer benzaldehyde derivative,this intermediate then reacts in-situ with(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3)to afford the targeted aromatic nitrile *** iodide(TBAI),acting as a promoter,plays a key role in breaking the C_(α)-C_(β)bonds to form the intermediate benzaldehyde *** this protocol,the feasibility of the production of value-added syringonitrile from birchwood lignin has been *** transformation provides a sustainable approach to benzonitrile chemicals from renewable source of lignin.

关键词： Lignin β-O-4 model compounds Benzonitrile derivatives Copper catalyst Mild conditions

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enantioselective reductive conjugate alkenylation ofα,β-enones with keto alkenyl acetates by nickel catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 157-162页

作者： Rong-De he Yun-Lei Luo Qiu-Quan Pan Qi-Wei Yao Xing-Zhong Shu State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Reactions involving alkenyl acetates offer cost-effective and environmentally friendly routes for alkene synthesis,yet their asymmetric variant remains ***,asymmetric conjugate alkenylation predominantly centered on nucleophilic addition using alkenyl–*** manuscript presents an asymmetric reductive conjugate alkenylation reaction involving alkenyl *** method facilitates the enantioselective addition of keto alkenyl groups toα,β-enones,resulting in the formation of unsaturated diketones—a class of useful structural motifs that are challenging to access *** use of electron-rich Pyroxy ligand is essential for achieving both high reaction efficiency and enantioselectivity.

关键词： nickel alkenylation asymmetric cross-coupling alkenes

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