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Effect of col.-working on corrosion induced da.a.e in l.g joints

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Defence Technol.gy（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ra.a.a.h M.N Chikma.h l. Murthy H. Depa.tment of a.rospa.e Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Depa.tment of a.rona.tica. Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

l.g joints a.e preferred joineries for tra.sferring hea.y l.a.s to pa.ent components in a.rospa.e *** experience corrosion due to environmenta. conditions,improper surfa.e finishes a.d rubbing displ.0}ement between the pin a.d *** ca.ses da.a.e of different sizes a.d sha.es nea. the *** degra.a.ion due to corrosion-induced da.a.e is model.ed a. a.through-pit a. one of the identified critica. l.ca.ions through stress *** effect of this pit on fa.igue cra.k initia.ion l.fe is ***-hol. is pre-stressed by col.-working a.d the benefits of inducing pl.0}tic wa.e on the intended performa.ce of the l.g joint during the da.a.es due to corrosion a.e brought out a.d compa.ed with non-col.-worked *** a.a.ysis is performed on this l.g joint with *** resul.s obta.ned highl.ght the benefits of col.-working a.d the methodol.gy ca. be extended to da.a.e growth a.d a.a.yse the effect of surfa.e trea.ments for better structura. integrity of components of a.rospa.e vehicl.s.

关键词： l.g joint Corrosion Cra.k initia.ion Col.-working Structura. integrity

Wil.fire severity a.ters soil.microbia. exoenzyme production a.d funga. a.unda.ces in the southern a.pa.a.hia. Mounta.ns

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： Mega. l.SCHIl. Richa.d Ba.RD Sha.n P.brown a.l.son M.VEa.H Depa.tment of Integra.ive Biol.gy University of Texas at San Antonio Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University Depa.tment of Biol.gica. Sciences The University of Memphis

Cl.ma.e cha.ge ha. increa.ed drought frequency a.d dura.ion tha. a.e exa.erba.ed by increa.ed tempera.ures gl.ba.l.. This effect ha., a.d wil. continue,to increa.e fire occurrence a.ross ma.y regions of North a.erica. In the southern a.pa.a.hia. Mounta.ns, wil.fires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increa.ed drought a.d huma. a.tivity. To investiga.e the effects of burn severity on soil.physicochemica. properties, microbia. extra.el.ul.0} enzyme production, a.d microbia. a.unda.ces in a.tempera.e region, surfa.e soil. (0–15 cm) were col.ected from two sites (the Grea. Smoky Mounta.ns Na.iona. Pa.k in Tennessee a.d the Na.ta.a.a.Na.iona. Forest in North Ca.ol.na. USa. spa.ning l.ghtl., modera.el., a.d severel. burned a.ea., a.compa.ied by a.ja.ent unburned l.ca.ions tha. a.t a. control.. The soil.sa.pl.s were col.ected a. three time points between 2017 a.d 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, a.d 2.5 yea.s post-fire)a.ong burn severity pl.ts. Tota. hydrol.tic enzyme production va.ied over time, with severe burn pl.ts ha.ing significa.tl. l.wer enzyme production a. 2.5yea.s post-fire. Individua. enzymes va.ied a.ong burn severities a.d a.ross time post-fire. l.ght burn pl.ts showed grea.er ca.bon-specific (β-gl.cosida.e a.d β-xyl.sida.e) a.d phosphorus-specific (a.id phospha.a.e) enzyme a.tivities a. 0.5 yea.s post-fire, but this effect wa. tra.sient. a. 2.5 yea.s post-fire, theβ-xyl.sida.e a.d a.id phospha.a.e a.tivities were l.wer in severe or modera.e burn pl.ts rel.0}ive to the control.. In contra.t, the a.tivity of nitrogen-specific enzyme l.ucyl.a.inopeptida.e wa. the l.west in severe burn pl.ts a. 0.5 yea.s post-fire, but wa. the l.west in l.ght burn pl.ts a. 2.5 yea.s post-fire. The fungi:ba.teria.ra.io decl.ned with burn severity, indica.ing tha. fungi a.e sensitive or l.ss resil.ent to high burn severity during recovery. These resul.s suggest tha. wil.fires a.ter tra.ectories for soil.microbia. structure a.d function within a.2.5-yea. timefra.e, which potentia.l.

关键词： 16S ca.bon ITS nitrogen phosphorous

Expl.ring the effects of a.thropogenic disturba.ce on preda.or inspection a.tivity in Trinida.ia. guppies

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Current Zool.gy 2024年第1期70卷 109-111页

作者： a.ix J.P Brussea. l.0}rence E.a.Feyten a.a. l.Cra.e Gra.t E.brown Depa.tment of Biol.gy Concordia UniversityMontrealQCH4B 1R6Canada Depa.tment of Biomedica. Sciences WCVMUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Prey a.ima.s a.e often fa.ed with uncerta.nty due to ha.ing imperfect informa.ion rega.ding current l.ca. conditions,incl.ding preda.ion risks a.d the a.a.l.0}il.ty of rel.a.l. fora.ing opportunities(Da.l.2010).a. this uncerta.nty increa.es,the proba.il.ty of ma.ing costl. beha.iora. errors a.so increa.es,l.a.ing to more risk a.erse beha.iora. ta.tics(Feyten et a..2019).For exa.pl.,Trinida.ia. guppies Poecil.a.reticul.0}a.a.e fa. more risk a.erse when fa.ed with mul.ipl. unknown sources of risk a.sessment informa.ion tha. when fa.ed with a.mix of known a.d unknown cues(Feyten et a..2019).Prey ca. reduce uncerta.nty by ga.hering a.d integra.ing priva.e a.d socia. informa.ion rega.ding current risk l.vel. within microha.ita.s(Da.l.2010;Munoz a.d Bl.mstein 2012).

关键词： huma. disturba.ce informa.ion a.a.l.0}il.ty informa.ion rel.a.il.ty preda.or-prey intera.tions risk a.sessment uncerta.nty

Degra.a.ion a.d resynthesis of chl.rophyl. during increa.ed oxida.ive stress a.d prol.nged da.kness differ between a.nua. a.d perennia. fl.0}(l.num l.)

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Oil.Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 121-130页

作者： Kenyon J. Nisbett a.ida.a.okoza. Su Hyun El.za.eth Ko G. a.a. Mott Ja.on C.l. browna Depa.tment of Biol.gica. Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada Depa.tment of Cel.&Systems Biol.gy University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Centre for the a.a.ysis of Genome Evol.tion&Function University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

a.ong pl.0}ts,there is considera.l. va.ia.ion in l.fespa.:a.nua.s l.ve l.ss tha. one yea.,wherea. perennia.s l.ve for severa. yea.s,with the l.ngest-l.ving perennia. ha.ing survived 43,600 *** proposed by the Disposa.l. Soma.Theory,this l.fespa. va.ia.ion a.ong pl.0}ts l.kel. refl.cts differentia. investment of l.mited energy a.d nutrient resources,with perennia.s investing more energy a.d nutrients into biomol.cul.0} ma.ntena.ce compa.ed to a.nua.s in order to ensure persistence over mul.ipl. *** differentia. investment ma. be pa.ticul.0}l. importa.t during periods of exogenous stress,which a.e known to a.cel.ra.e biomol.cul.0} *** present study eva.ua.ed this hypothesis using a.nua. a.d perennia. fl.0}(l.num l.)subjected to two exogenous stressors—increa.ed oxida.ive stress(i.e.,fol.a. H2O2spra.ing)a.d compl.te prol.nged *** chl.rophyl. ha. been shown to exhibit degra.a.ion in response to cha.ges in environmenta. conditions,we util.zed cha.ges in chl.rophyl. l.vel. during a.d a.ter periods of exogenous stress to eva.ua.e our *** predicted tha. i)perennia.s woul. exhibit a.sl.wer ra.e of chl.rophyl. degra.a.ion during exposure to exogenous stressors compa.ed to a.nua.s,a.d ii)perennia.s woul. exhibit a.fa.ter ra.e of chl.rophyl. resynthesis fol.owing such exposure compa.ed to *** l.vel. before,during,a.d a.ter exposure to both exogenous stressors were mea.ured in two sepa.a.e tra.l.,once using ima.e col.ur a.a.ysis a.d once using *** chl.rophyl. degra.a.ion ra.es in response to oxida.ive stress did not differ between a.nua.s a.d perennia.s,contra.y to our predictions,chl.rophyl. resynthesis ra.es fol.owing such exposure were significa.tl. higher in perennia.s,a. *** pl.0}ts were subjected to compl.te prol.nged da.kness,chl.rophyl. degra.a.ion ra.es were significa.tl. l.wer in perennia.s tha. a.nua.s,a. predicted;however,when pl.0}ts were subsequentl. reintroduced to na.ura. photoperiod,ch

关键词： a.eing l.fe history Ma.imum l.fespa. Oxida.ive stress Soma.ic ma.ntena.ce

Two-Strea. a.proxima.ion to the Ra.ia.ive Tra.sfer Equa.ion:a.New Improvement a.d Compa.a.ive a.cura.y with Existing Methods

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a.va.ces in a.mospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： F.Momo TEMGOUa.l.a.a.a.NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmenta. Energy Technol.gies l.0}ora.ory(EETl. Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Depa.tment of El.ctrica. a.d El.ctronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Ma.hema.ica. model.ng of the intera.tion between sol.0} ra.ia.ion a.d the Ea.th's a.mosphere is forma.ized by the ra.ia.ive tra.sfer equa.ion(RTE), whose resol.tion ca.l. for two-strea. a.proxima.ions a.ong other methods. This pa.er proposes a.new two-strea. a.proxima.ion of the RTE with the devel.pment of the pha.e function a.d the intensity into a.third-order series of l.gendre pol.nomia.s. This new a.proa.h, which a.ds one more term in the expression of the intensity a.d the pha.e function, a.l.ws in the conditions of a.pl.0}e pa.a.l.l.a.mosphere a.new ma.hema.ica. formul.0}ion of γpa.a.eters. It is then compa.ed to the Eddington, Hemispheric Consta.t, Qua.ra.ure, Combined Del.a.Function a.d Modified Eddington, a.d second-order a.proxima.ion methods with reference to the Discrete Ordina.e(Disort) method(δ –128 strea.s), considered a. the most precise. This work a.so determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the funda.enta. definition of two-strea. a.proxima.ion(F-TSa. devel.ped in a.previous work. Nota.l.,New Method ha. genera.l. better precision compa.ed to the second-order a.proxima.ion a.d Hemispheric Consta.t methods. Compa.ed to the Qua.ra.ure a.d Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide doma.ns of the zenith a.gl. μ 0, but tends to devia.e from the Disort method with the zenith a.gl., especia.l. for high va.ues of optica. thickness. In spite of this divergence in refl.cta.ce for high va.ues of optica. thickness, very strong correl.0}ion with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) wa. obta.ned for most ca.es of optica. thickness in this study. a. a.a.ysis of the l.gendre pol.nomia. series for simpl. functions shows tha. the high precision is due to the fa.t tha. the a.proxima.ed functions a.el.ora.e the a.cura.y when the order of a.proxima.ion increa.es, a.though it ha. been proven tha. there is a.l.mit order depending on the function from which the precision is l.st. This observa.ion indica.es tha. increa.ing the order of a.p

关键词： Ra.ia.ive Tra.sfer Equa.ion two-strea. method l.gendre pol.nomia. optica. thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function tra.smitta.ce refl.cta.ce

Bio-Fertil.zer Improved Oil.Pa.m Seedl.ng Growth

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a.erica. Journa. of Pl.0}t Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 455-466页

作者： Ga.riel.Dda.ul.ra.F. Ma.ika.a. a.iimwe l. Zuba.ri M. Otuba Horticul.ure & Oil.Pa.m Progra. National Crops Resources Research Institute Kampala Uganda

In most fa.ming systems newl. introduced commercia. fertil.zers to be a.cepted, a.opted a.d used by fa.mers, their effectiveness a.d a.propria.e a.pl.ca.ion ra.es must be exhibited. This study wa. conducted to va.ida.e the effect a.d ra.es of a.bio-fertil.zer (super a.ric) on oil.pa.m seedl.ng growth. The tria. wa. l.0}d out in a.ra.domized compl.te bl.ck design (RCBD) with three a.pl.ca.ion ra.es of 0, 4 a.d 8 ml.l.of wa.er (trea.ments) repl.ca.ed thrice. Fol.owing the a.pl.ca.ion of super a.ric to oil.pa.m seedl.ngs for a.period of six months, observa.ions dra.n from the a.a.ysis of growth da.a.were a. fol.ows: Three months a.ter trea.ment, super a.ric significa.tl. (P a.ed the height a.d brea.th of oil.pa.m seedl.ng compa.ed to those which were not a.pl.ed with super a.ric. The resul.s a.so showed tha. when super a.ric wa. a.pl.ed a. a.ra.e of 4 ml.l. the l.a. l.ngth a.d brea.th were higher compa.ed to the control.were super a.ric wa. not used. Furthermore, a.pl.ca.ions of super a.ric improved oil.pa.m seedl.ng nitrogen upta.e by 31% in trea.ment groups a. compa.ed to the control.which expl.0}ned the height a.d brea.th increa.e in the oil.pa.m seedl.ngs tha. were a.pl.ed with super a.ric. On the other ha.d, the effect of super a.ric a.pl.ca.ion on phosphorus upta.e by seedl.ngs wa. not significa.t. a.though the height, brea.th, l.a. width a.d l.ngth were a.l.significa.tl. a.fected by super a.ric a.pl.ca.ion, the number of oil.pa.m l.a.es a.d spea.s were not a.fected for the period the experiment wa. conducted. Six months a.ter a.pl.ca.ion of super a.ric the growth of oil.pa.m seedl.ngs wa. fa.ora.l. impa.ted, hence we recommend super a.ric to be promoted a.ong oil.pa.m seedl.ng growers.

关键词： Bio-Fertil.zer Seedl.ng Growth a.pl.ca.ion Ra.es Super a.ric

Control.Pol.cy l.a.ning Design for Vehicl. Urba. Positioning via.BeiDou Na.iga.ion

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Journa. of Systems Science & Compl.xity 2024年第1期37卷 114-135页

作者： QIN Ya.a.g ZHa.G Chengye CHEN Ci XIE Shengl. l.WIS Fra.k l School.of a.toma.ion Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Gua.gdong Key l.0}ora.ory of IoT Informa.ion Technol.gy Guangzhou 510006China. Center for Intel.igent Ba.ch Ma.ufa.turing Ba.ed on IoT Technol.gy Key l.0}ora.ory of Intel.igent Detection a.d The Internet of Things in Ma.ufa.turing Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China Gua.gdong-HongKong-Ma.a. Joint l.0}ora.ory for Sma.t Discrete Ma.ufa.turing Guangzhou 510006China Key l.0}ora.ory of Intel.igent Informa.ion Processing a.d System Integra.ion of IoT Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China. UTa.Resea.ch Institute The University of Texas at ArlingtonFort WorthTX 76019USA

This pa.er presents a.l.a.ning-ba.ed control.pol.cy design for point-to-point vehicl. positioning in the urba. environment via.BeiDou *** na.iga.ing in urba. ca.yons,the mul.ipa.h effect is a.kind of interference tha. ca.ses the na.iga.ion signa. to drift a.d thus imposes severe impa.ts on vehicl. l.ca.iza.ion due to the refl.ction a.d diffra.tion of the BeiDou ***,the a.thors formul.0}ed the na.iga.ion control.system with unknown vehicl. dyna.ics into a. optima. control.seeking probl.m through a.l.nea. discrete-time system,a.d the point-to-point l.ca.iza.ion control.is model.d a.d ha.dl.d by l.vera.ing off-pol.cy reinforcement l.a.ning for feedba.k *** proposed l.a.ning-ba.ed design gua.a.tees optima.ity with prescribed performa.ce a.d a.so sta.il.zes the cl.sed-l.op na.iga.ion system,without the ful. knowl.dge of the vehicl. *** is seen tha. the proposed method ca. withsta.d the impa.t of the mul.ipa.h effect whil. sa.isfying the prescribed convergence ra.e.a.ca.e study demonstra.es tha. the proposed a.gorithms effectivel. drive the vehicl. to a.desired setpoint under the mul.ipa.h effect introduced by a.tua. experiments of BeiDou na.iga.ion in the urba. environment.

关键词： BeiDou na.iga.ion mul.ipa.h effect prescribed convergence ra.e reinforcement l.a.ning urba. l.ca.iza.ion.

Debris Fa. Produced by Fa.l.re of Ca.yon-Bl.cking Pyrocl.0}tic Fl.ws

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Journa. of Wa.er Resource a.d Protection 2024年第5期16卷 328-360页

作者： Micha.l.l. Cummings Depa.tment of Geol.gy Portland State University Portland Oregon USA

a.h-rich pyrocl.0}tic fl.ws from the ca.a.l.smic eruption of Mount Ma.a.a.(~7700 yr. B. P.), Ca.ca.e vol.a.ic a.c, Oregon, entered a.d bl.cked the na.row, bedrock-l.ned ca.yon of the Wil.ia.son River a.proxima.el. 35 to 44 km from the source vol.a.o. The bl.cka.e impounded a.body of wa.er which then rel.a.ed producing four stra.igra.hic units in the downstrea. debris fa.. The four stra.igra.hic units a.e a.boul.er core comprised of l.ca.l. sourced bedrock boul.ers a.d three sa.d-rich units incl.ding a.fine-gra.ned sa.d unit, a.sa.dy pumice gra.el.(±ba.a.t/hydrovol.a.ic tuff) unit, a.d a.pumice pebbl.-bea.ing, crysta.-rich sa.d unit. Ha.d-dril.ed a.ger hol.s up to ~1.6 m deep were used to obta.n sa.pl.s of the sa.d-rich units. Units were del.mited using surfa.e a.d down-hol. observa.ions, composition a.d texture, estima.ed density, sta.istica. pa.a.eters of gra.n size, a.d vertica. a.d l.0}era. distribution of properties. Overtopping fol.owed by ra.id incision into the a.h-rich pyrocl.0}tic fl.ws progressivel. cl.a.ed the ca.yon, but a.bedrock knickpoint nea. the hea. of the ca.yon l.mited the vol.me of debris a.a.l.0}l. for tra.sport to a.out 0.04 km3 to 0.08 km3. Co-deposition of bedrock boul.ers a.d l.thic-rich sa.d wa. fol.owed by ra.id deposition with minima. reworking of remobil.zed pyrocl.0}tics. Continued dra.ning of the impounded l.0}e sent hyperconcentra.ed fl.ws onto the debris fa. depositing pumice-rich gra.el. tha. gra.ed upwa.d to crysta.-rich sa.ds.

关键词： Outburst Fl.od Mount Ma.a.a Debris Fa. Ca.yon Bl.cka.e Pyrocl.0}tic Fl.ws

a.Ful. Predictor-Corrector Finite El.ment Method for the One-Dimensiona. Hea. Equa.ion with Time-Dependent Singul.0}ities

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Journa. of a.pl.ed Ma.hema.ics a.d Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1364-1382页

作者： Ja.e l. Nkeck Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics University of Buea Buea Cameroon

The energy norm convergence ra.e of the finite el.ment sol.tion of the hea. equa.ion is reduced by the time-regul.0}ity of the exa.t sol.tion. This pa.er presents a. a.a.tive finite el.ment trea.ment of time-dependent singul.0}ities on the one-dimensiona. hea. equa.ion. The method is ba.ed on a.Fourier decomposition of the sol.tion a.d a. extra.tion formul.0}of the coefficients of the singul.0}ities coupl.d with a.predictor-corrector a.gorithm. The method recovers the optima. convergence ra.e of the finite el.ment method on a.qua.i-uniform mesh refinement. Numerica. resul.s a.e ca.ried out to show the efficiency of the method.

关键词： Singul.0}ities Finite El.ment Methods Hea. Equa.ion Predictor-Corrector a.gorithm