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Investiga.ion of ma.eria. remova. cha.a.teristics of Si(100)wa.er during linea. field a.mospheric-pressure pla.ma.etching

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Na.otechnology a.d Precision Engineering 2020年第4期3卷 244-249页

作者： Weijia.Guo Senthil kumar a. Peng Xu Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1117575Singapore Singa.ore Institute of Ma.ufa.turing Technology 73 Nanyang Drive637662Singapore

a.mospheric-pressure(a.)pla.ma.etching provides a. a.terna.ive method for mecha.ica. grinding to rea.ize wa.er thinning of Si *** ca. a.oid the da.a.es a.d micro-cra.ks tha. would be introduced by mecha.ica. stress during the grinding *** this study,the ma.eria. remova. cha.a.teristics of Si(100)wa.er processed by linea. field a. pla.ma.genera.ed using ca.bon tetra.luoride(CF4)a. the rea.tive source were *** linea. field pla.ma.etching tool ha. a.typica. remova. profile a.d the depth remova. ra.e tha. ca. rea.h up to 1.082μm/*** effect ofO2 concentra.ion on the remova. ra.ewa. discussed a.d the surfa.emorphology during the process wa. cha.a.terized using sca.ning electron *** is shown tha. the subsurfa.e da.a.e la.er wa. gra.ua.ly removed during the etching process a.d the surfa.e wa. observed to be smoothened with the increa.e of the etching *** present work contributes a.ba.ic understa.ding of the linea. field a. pla.ma.etching performa.ce with different ga. composition a.d the typica. cha.a.teristics would be further a.plied to da.a.e-free precision remova. of Si.

关键词： a. pla.ma.etching Remova. cha.a.teristics Oxygen effect Surfa.e morphology

Effect of Tin Incorpora.ion on Thermo-Mecha.ica. Properties of Gla.sy Se80Te20 a.loy

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第3期31卷 115-117页

作者： H. kumar a. Sha.ma.N. Mehta Depa.tment of Physics Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India

We report a. a.a.ysis on the ha.dness beha.ior of gla.sy Se80？xTe20Snx a.loy. The crucia. thermo-mecha.ica. pa.a.eters （micro-ha.dness, volume a.d forma.ion energy of micro-voids a.d the modulus of ela.ticity） a.e exa.ined. The results indica.e tha. the thermo-mecha.ica. pa.a.eters a.e cha.ged significa.tly a.ter incorpora.ion of Sn in gla.sy Se80Te20 a.loy.

关键词： a.loys

Myosin XI Is Required for a.tin-a.socia.ed Movement of Pla.tid Stromules

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Molecula. Pla.t 2009年第6期2卷 1262-1272页

作者： Senthil kumar a. Na.esa. Ja.es a. Sulliva. John C. Gra. Depa.tment of Pla.t Sciences University of Cambridge Downing Street Cambridge CB2 3EA UK Present a.dress: Sir Willia. Dunn School of Pa.hology University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3RE UK Present a.dress: School of Biologica. a.d Chemica. Sciences Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK

Stromules a.e highly dyna.ic stroma.filled tubules extending from the surfa.e of pla.tids a.d occa.iona.ly interconnecting individua. pla.tids, a.lowing the movement of complex biologica. molecules between the interconnected pla.tids. Experiments with inhibitors of cytoskeleton a.sembly ha.e indica.ed the involvement of a. a.tin-ba.ed system in stromule movement. However, the motor protein a.socia.ed with the system ha. not been identified. Here, we present direct evidence tha. myosin XI is involved in the forma.ion a.d movement of stromules in toba.co lea.es. a.plica.ion of 2,3-buta.edione 2-monoxime, a. inhibitor of myosin a.Pa.e a.tivity, resulted in the loss of stromules from toba.co lea. epiderma. cells. Tra.sient RNa.interference of myosin XI in lea.es of Nicotia.a.bentha.ia.a.a.so resulted in the loss of stromules from epiderma. cells, without a.y effect on tra.scripts for a.tin or myosin VIII. Tra.sient expression of a.GFP- ta.ged myosin XI ta.l doma.n in toba.co lea. epiderma. cells showed tha. the fusion protein loca.ized to the chloropla.t envelope, a. well a. to mitochondria.a.d other orga.elles. Our findings identify myosin XI a. a.key protein involved in the forma.ion a.d movement of stromules.

关键词： Chloropla.t biology cytoskeleton orga.elle biogenesis/function toba.co.

Therma.ly a.tiva.ed Photoconduction a.d a.terna.ing-Current Conduction in Se75Ge20a.5 Cha.cogenide Gla.s： Investiga.ion of Meyer-Neldel Rule

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第11期25卷 4079-4082页

作者： R. S. Sha.ma.N. Mehta.a. kumar Depa.tment of Physics Harcourt Butler Technological Institute Kanpur India Depa.tment of Physics Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India

We report on the observa.ion of Meyer-Neldel rule in gla.sy Se75Ge20a.5 a.loy where a. is va.ied by two different methods. In the first a.proa.h, the intensity of light va.ies while mea.uring the photoconductivity in a.orphous thin films of Se75Ge20a.5 instea. of cha.ging composition of the gla.sy system. In the second a.proa.h, the va.ia.ion of a. conductivity with tempera.ure is found to be exponentia. a.d the a.tiva.ion energy is found to va.y with frequency.

关键词： Photoconduction a.terna.ing-Current Conduction Cha.cogenide Gla.s: Investiga.ion of Meyer--Neldel Rule

Va.orisa.ion of protein wa.te： a. enzyma.ic a.proa.h to ma.e commodity chemica.s

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Frontiers of Chemica. Science a.d Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 295-307页

作者： Ma.ura.B. a. kumar Yua. Ga. Wei Shen Lizhong He Depa.tment of Chemica. Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia Ma.ufa.turing Fla.ship Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Bayview Avenue Clayton VIC 3168 Australia

Protein-rich wa.te is a. a.unda.tly a.a.la.le resource tha. is currently used ma.nly a. a.ima. feed a.d fertilizers. Va.orisa.ion of protein wa.te to higher va.ue products, pa.ticula.ly commodity chemica.s such a. precursors for polymers, ha. a.tra.ted significa.t resea.ch efforts. Enzyme-ba.ed a.proa.hes, being environmenta.ly- friendly compa.ed to their chemica. counterpa.ts, promise susta.na.le processes for conversion of protein wa.te to va.ua.le chemica.s. This review provides a.genera. overview on va.orisa.ion of protein wa.te a.d then further summa.ises the use of enzymes in different sta.es of the va.orisa.ion process--protein extra.tion a.d hydrolysis, sepa.a.ion of individua. a.ino a.ids a.d their ultima.e conversion into chemica.s. Ca.e studies of enzyma.ic conversion a.e presented for different a.ino a.ids including gluta.ic a.id, lysine, phenyla.a.ine, tyrosine, a.ginine a.d a.pa.tic a.id. The review compa.es the different enzyme rea.tors a.d opera.ion modes for a.ino a.id conversion. The emerging opportunities a.d cha.lenges in the field a.e discussed： engineering powerful enzymes a.d integra.ing innova.ive processes for industria. a.plica.ion a. a.low cost.

关键词： a.ino a.ids protein wa.te rea.tor conversion commodity chemica.s enzymes

Meta.olic Engineering a.d Production of Next-Genera.ion Bio-Fuels

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Metabolic Engineering and Production of Next-Generation Bio-...

Influence of the SNPs on the structura. sta.ility of CBS protein： Insight from molecula. dyna.ics simula.ions

The 19th Europea. Bioma.s Conference a.d Exhibition

作者： kumar,a.

Globa. clima.e cha.ge ha. stimula.ed efforts to reduce CO2 *** orga.isms use sola. energy to genera.e reducing equiva.ents a.d incorpora.e a.mospheric CO2 into orga.ic *** phenotype is a.ma.ifesta.ion of gene expression levels,meta.olic dema.d,resource a.a.la.ility,a.d cellula. ***,cellulosic biofuels a.d a.ga. biodiesels a.e prominent biologica. a.proa.hes to sequester a.d convert ***,etha.ol a.d biodiesel a.e predomina.tly produced from corn kernels,suga.ca.e or soybea. *** a.other biofuel feedstock,lignocelluloses—the most a.unda.t biologica. ma.eria. on ea.th is being *** is everywhere—whea. stra.,corn husks,pra.rie gra.s,disca.ded rice hulls or *** ra.e is on to optimize the technology tha. ca. produce biofuels from lignocelluloses sources more efficiently—a.d biotech compa.ies a.e in the *** is ca.pa.gn,which a.voca.es tha. 25% of US energy come from a.a.le la.d by *** EU ha. ca.led for a.threefold increa.e in biofuel use by 2010,to 5.75% of tra.sporta.ion fuel.

关键词：

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Frontiers in Biology 2014年第6期9卷 504-518页

作者： C. GEORGE PRIYa.DOSS B. Ra.ITH R. Ma.ESH a. a.HISH kumar Medica. Biotechnology Division School of Biosciences and Technology VIT University Vellore-14 TamilNadu India Depa.tment of Btotechnology Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Technology & Research Sri Ramachandra University Chennai-600116 TamilNadu India Biomforma.lcs Division School of Biosciences and Technology VIT University Vellore-14 TamilNadu lndia

Cysta.hionine β-syntha.e is a. essentia. enzyme of the tra.s-suifura.ion pa.hwa. tha. condenses serine with homocysteine to form cysta.hionine. Missense muta.ions in CBS a.e the ma.or ca.se of inherited homocystinuria. a.d the deta.led effect of disea.e a.socia.ed a.ino a.id substitutions on the structure a.d sta.ility of huma. CBS is yet unknown. Here, we a.ply a.unique a.proa.h in combining in silico tools a.d molecula. dyna.ics simula.ion to provide structura. a.d functiona. insight into the effect of SNP on the sta.ility a.d a.tivity of muta.t CBS. In a.dition, principa. component a.a.ysis a.d free energy la.dsca.e were used to predict the collective motions, thermodyna.ic sta.ilities a.d essentia. subspa.e releva.t to CBS function. The obta.ned results indica.e tha. C109R, E176K a.d D376N muta.ions ha.e the diverse effect on dyna.ic beha.ior of CBS protein. We found tha. highly conserved D376N muta.ion, which is present in the a.tive pocket, a.fects the protein folding mecha.ism. Our stra.egy ma. provide a.wa. in nea. future to understa.d a.d study effects of functiona. nsSNPs a.d their role in ca.sing homocystinuria.

关键词： CBS in silico molecula. dyna.ics simula.ion SNPs

The Hospita. a.sessment Tool： a. Integra.ed Solution to Eva.ua.e a.d Reduce Solid Medica. Wa.te

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Journa. of Environmenta. Science a.d Engineering 2010年第7期4卷 67-75页

作者： M. Fra.chetti a. kumar Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering The University of Toledo Toledo Ohio 43606 USA Depa.tment of Civil Engineering The University of Toledo Toledo Ohio 43606 USA

The Hospita. a.sessment Tool （Ha.） is a. a.sessment technique tha. provides technica. support to the hea.thca.e industry for a.cessing solid wa.te genera.ion, selecting products, a.d work pra.tices to elimina.e or reduce environmenta. ha.a.ds a.d solid wa.te, a.d to ma.nta.n qua.ity pa.ient ca.e. Since 2007, this tool ha. been a.plied a. pa.t of a. innova.ive pa.tnership between the Luca. County Solid Wa.te Ma.a.ement District a.d College of Engineering of the University of Toledo. The purpose of this pa.er is to provide a.complete overview a.d fra.ework of this progra. a.d the Ha. so tha. other institutions ma. lea.n from it a.d a.opt simila. concepts to help reduce solid wa.te genera.ion a.d improve economic conditions in their regions. a.focus of this pa.er is a.discussion of a.ca.e study tha. deta.ls the process a.d results of a. a.sessment conducted a. a.la.ge hospita. in Northwest, Ohio, USa. a.so, included in this pa.er is a.discussion of the project＇s ba.kground, a.compa.ison to simila. project＇s between colleges a.d government a.encies, a.d results a.d benefits of the progra., a.d a. overview of the opportunities a.d ba.riers to this type of resea.ch. The project demonstra.es tha. through a.coopera.ive effort a.d a.crea.ive a.lia.ce, businesses, governments, universities, a.d industries ca. work together to improve environmenta. qua.ity, reduce wa.te, a.d improve profita.ility. The project a.so educa.es college students through pra.tica., rea.-world environmenta. work experience a.d tra.ns them to become future environmenta. lea.ers

关键词： Medica. wa.te a.sessment tools environment.

Fibrosca. of Liver in Type 2 Dia.etes Mellitus a.d Its Correla.ion with Risk Fa.tors

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Journa. of Dia.etes Mellitus 2019年第2期9卷 62-68页

作者： Nikhil a. kumar Sidha.tha.Da. Depa.tment of Medicine SCB Medical College and Hospital Cuttack India Depa.tment of Medicine a.d Dea. a.d Principa. SCB Medical College and Hospital Cuttack India

Introduction: Non-a.coholic fa.ty liver disea.e (Na.LD) is rega.ded a. the hepa.ic ma.ifesta.ion of meta.olic syndrome. Insulin resista.ce is rega.ded a. centra. to the development of Na.LD. Type 2 Dia.etes Mellitus (DM) is a. importa.t ca.se of Na.LD. The pa.hology in Na.LD ra.ges from hepa.ic stea.osis, non-a.coholic stea.ohepa.itis (Na.H), cirrhosis a.d prima.y liver ca.cer. Dia.nosis of Na.LD requires demonstra.ion of increa.ed liver fa. in the a.sence of ha.a.dous levels of a.cohol consumption. Liver biopsy is the gold sta.da.d for dia.nosis of Na.LD but it is fra.ght with va.ious difficulties a.d is a.risky procedure. Fibrosca. (?a.bott) or tra.sient ela.togra.hy is a.non-inva.ive tool which mea.ures the hepa.ic stiffness. Objective: To estima.e the degree of hepa.ic stiffness due to Na.LD a.d to identify the fa.tors a.fecting it. Pa.ients: 50 pa.ients of newly dia.nosed Type 2 dia.etes mellitus without a.history of chronic hepa.itis or a.cohol inta.e were included in the study. Results: In our study, 40% of the pa.ients were obese with 46% of the tota. pa.ients ha.ing a. eleva.ed a.T, 66% ha.ing a. eleva.ed a.T a.d 18% ha.ing a. eleva.ed a.ka.ine phospha.a.e. Dyslipidemia.wa. very common with 14% of tota. pa.ients ha.ing a.high cholesterol, 36% ha.ing eleva.ed triglycerides, 64% ha.ing a.low HDL with none with a. eleva.ed LDL. 50% of pa.ients ha. stea.osis on ultra.ound. On compa.ing liver stiffness, a.significa.tly high hepa.ic stiffness (>7.9 kPa. wa. found in 34% of pa.ients with severe fibrosis (≥12 kPa. in 10% of pa.ients. Multiva.ia.e a.a.ysis showed significa.t positive correla.ion of fibrosca. va.ue with tota. cholesterol a.d a.T levels a.d there wa. a.significa.t nega.ive correla.ion with a.T levels a.d serum HDL levels. Conclusion: Fibrosca. ma. be helpful in dia.nosing a.d guiding trea.ment of Na.LD. La.ger studies to eva.ua.e its effica.y in determining prognosis of Na.LD a.e wa.ra.ted.

关键词： Dia.etes Mellitus Na.LD Fibrosca. Tra.sient Ela.togra.hy Na.H