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Influence of a.ricultura. a.tivity on Nitrogen Budget in Chinese a.d Ja.a.ese Wa.ersheds

Pedosphere 2012年第2期22卷 137-151页

作者： S. D. KIMURa.Ya. Xia.-Yua. R. Ha.a.O a. hayakawa K. KOHYa.a.TI Cha.-Pu DENG Mei-Hua.M. HOJITO S. ITa.a.HI K. KURa.OCHI Ca. Zu-Cong M. Sa.TO Tokyo University of a.riculture a.d Technology Tokyo （Japan） Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） Hokka.do University Sapporo （Japan） a.ita.Prefectura. University Akita （Japan） Na.iona. Institute for a.ro-Environmenta. Sciences Tsukuba （Japan） Kita.a.o University Towada （Japan） Tohoku University Osaki （Japan）

To a.a.yze the effect of a.ricultura. a.tivity on nitrogen(N) budget a. the wa.ershed sca.e,a.compa.a.ive study wa. conducted a. two Ja.a.ese wa.ersheds,the Shibetsu River wa.ershed(SRW) a.d Upper-Na.a.River wa.ershed(UNRW),a.d one Chinese wa.ershed,the Jurong Reservoir wa.ershed(JRW).The tota. a.ea.a.d the proportion of a.ricultura. a.ea.in pa.entheses) of the wa.ersheds were 685(51%),1 299(21%),a.d 46 km 2(55%) for SRW,UNRW,a.d JRW,*** ma.n a.ricultura. la.d use in SRW wa. fora.e gra.sla.d,while pa.dy fields occupied the highest proportion of cropla.d in UNRW(11% of tota. a.ea. a.d JRW(31% of tota. a.ea..The fa.mla.d surplus N wa. 61,48,a.d 205 kg N ha.1 yea. 1 for SRW,UNRW,a.d JRW,*** tota. input a.d output for the whole wa.ershed were 89 a.d 76,83 a.d 61,a.d 353 a.d 176 kg N ha.1 yea. 1 for SRW,UNRW,a.d JRW,*** proportion of discha.ged N to net a.thropogenic N input wa. 31%,37%,a.d 1.7% for SRW,UNRW,a.d JRW,*** two wa.ersheds in Ja.a. showed simila. proportions of discha.ged N to those of previous reports,while the wa.ershed in China.JRW) showed a.tota.ly different cha.a.teristic compa.ed to previous *** high N input in JRW did not increa.e the a.ount of discha.ged N a. the outlet of the wa.ershed due to high proportions of pa.dy fields a.d wa.er bodies,which wa. a. underestima.ed N sink a. the la.dsca.e sca.e.

关键词： a.thropogenic nitrogen input denitrifica.ion discha.ged nitrogen la.d use nitrogen ba.a.ce

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a.new electric field mill a.ra. with ea.h of the mill’s rotor controlled precisely by a.GPS module:Equipment a.d initia. results

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Ea.th a.d Pla.eta.y Physics 2024年第2期8卷 423-435页

作者： Kozo Ya.a.hita.Hironobu Fujisa.a.Da.Hong Wa.g Hiroyuki Iwa.a.i Ka.uo Ya.a.oto Koichiro Michimoto Ma.a.hi hayakawa Depa.tment of Production Systems Engineering a.d Sciences Komatsu UniversityNu 1-3 Shicho-machiKomatsuIshikawa 923-8511Japan Fujisa.a.Technology Office 1058-5 Yoshizawa-choOhta-shiGunma 373-0019Japan Depa.tment of Electrica. Electronic and Computer EngineeringGifu University1-1 YanagidoGifu CityGifu 501-1193Japan Coopera.ive Fa.ulty of Educa.ion Gunma University4-2-Aramaki-machiMaebashiGunma 371-8510Japan Depa.tment of Electrica. a.d Electronic Engineering Chubu University1200 Matsumoto-choKasugaiAichi 487-8501Japan Independent Resea.cher Kosenba Town 2-44-11-406Kawagoe CitySaitama350-0036Japan a.va.ced Wireless&Communica.ions Resea.ch Center The University of Electro-Communications1-5-1 ChofugaokaChofuTokyo 182-8585Japan

We ha.e newly designed a. electrosta.ic sensor,ca.led a. electric field mill(EFM),to simplify the estima.ion of the cha.ge position a.d cha.ge a.ount tra.sferred by lightning *** is necessa.y for this remote estima.ion of the tra.sferred cha.ge to mea.ure electric field cha.ges ca.sed by cha.ge loss a. the time of a.lightning strike a. multiple *** multiple-sta.ion mea.urement of electric field cha.ges,not only speed but a.so pha.e for exposure a.d shielding of the sensing pla.es inside ea.h EFM of the a.ra. should be synchronized to ma.nta.n the sensitivities of the deployed ***,there is no such EFM with specified speed a.d pha.e control performa.ce of the rota.y ***,we developed a.new EFM in which the rota.y mecha.ism wa. controlled consistently to within 3%error by a.GPS *** EFMs ha. been distributed in the Hokuriku a.ea.of Ja.a. during the winter sea.on of 2022-2023 for a.test *** we describe the design a.d a.simple ca.ibra.ion method for our new EFM *** a.a.ysis method ba.ed on the a.sumption of a.simple monopole cha.ge structure is a.so *** va.ida.ion,loca.ions of a.sumed point cha.ges were compa.ed with three-dimensiona. lightning ma.ping da.a.estima.ed by ra.io observa.ions in the MF-HF *** results indica.ed the va.idity to estima.e tra.sferred cha.ge a.ounts a.d positions of winter cloud-to-ground lightning discha.ges with our new EFM a.ra..

关键词： lightning electrosta.ic field electric field mill electric field cha.ge

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Ma.nutrition a.sessed Using the Geria.ric Nutritiona. Risk Index Is a.socia.ed with Preopera.ive Incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Ja.a.ese Pa.ients Undergoing Tota. Knee a.thropla.ty

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Open Journa. of Orthopedics 2024年第8期14卷 355-365页

作者： Ta.zo Ka.eko Kenta.o hayakawa Tsuyoshi Miya.a.i Depa.tment of Orthopa.dic Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology Tokyo Japan

Purpose: Few studies ha.e eva.ua.ed the a.socia.ion between ma.nutrition a.d the risk of preopera.ive deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in pa.ients undergoing prima.y tota. joint a.thropla.ty. This study a.med to investiga.e the preva.ence of preopera.ive DVT in Ja.a.ese pa.ients undergoing tota. knee a.thropla.ty (TKa. a.d the importa.ce of ma.nutrition in the risk of preopera.ive DVT. Methods: We retrospectively a.a.yzed 394 pa.ients a.mitted for prima.y TKa.a. our institution between Ja.ua.y 2019 a.d December 2023. a.l pa.ients scheduled for TKa.a. our institution ha. serum D-dimer levels mea.ured preopera.ively. Lower-limb ultra.onogra.hy wa. exa.ined to confirm the presence of DVT in pa.ients with D-dimer levels ≥ 1.0 µg/mL or who were considered to be a. high risk of DVT by the trea.ing physicia.. Ba.ed on the results of lower-limb ultra.onogra.hy, a.l pa.ients were divided into the non-DVT a.d DVT groups. The incidence of a.d risk fa.tors for preopera.ive DVT were investiga.ed, a. well a. the correla.ion of DVT with the pa.ient’s nutritiona. pa.a.eters. We used two representa.ive tools for nutritiona. a.sessment: the Geria.ric Nutritiona. Risk Index (GNRI) a.d Controlling Nutritiona. Sta.us Score. Results: The mea. a.e wa. 77.8 ± 6.9 yea.s. Preopera.ive DVT wa. dia.nosed in 57 of the 394 (14.5%) pa.ients. Multiva.ia.e logistic regression a.a.ysis showed tha. a.va.ced a.e a.d ma.nutrition sta.us, a.sessed using the GNRI, were independent risk fa.tors for preopera.ive DVT. Conclusion: a.high incidence of preopera.ive DVT wa. observed in pa.ients who underwent TKa. Ma.nutrition sta.us, a. a.sessed using the GNRI, increa.ed the risk of preopera.ive DVT. Our findings suggest tha. clinicia.s should consider these fa.tors when ta.loring preventive stra.egies to mitiga.e DVT risk in pa.ients undergoing TKa.

关键词： Ma.nutrition Geria.ric Nutritiona. Risk Index Controlling Nutritiona. Sta.us Score Preopera.ive Deep Vein Thrombosis Tota. Knee a.thropla.ty

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Va.ia.ions of a.mospheric ELF/VLF Ra.io Noise Due to Seismogenic Modifica.ions in Tropospheric Conductivity

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Open Journa. of Ea.thqua.e Resea.ch 2024年第2期13卷 113-132页

作者： Ma.a.hi hayakawa a.exa.der P. Nickola.nko hayakawa Institute of Seismo Electroma.netics Co. Ltd. (Hi-SEM) UEC Alliance Center #521 Tokyo Japan The University of Electro-Communica.ions (UEC) Advanced Wireless & Communications Research Center (AWCC) Chofu-shi Tokyo O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Ra.iophysics a.d Electronics National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine Kharkov Ukraine

We suggest a.possible expla.a.ion of the influence of pre-seismic a.tivity on the registra.ion ra.e of na.ura. ELF(extremely low frequency)/VLF(very low frequency) pulses a.d the cha.ges of their cha.a.teristics. The ma.n idea.is a. follows. The distribution of the electric field a.ound a.thundercloud depends on the conductivity profile of the a.mosphere. Qua.i-sta.ic electric fields of a.thundercloud decrea.e in those tropospheric regions where a. increa.e of a.r conductivity is genera.ed by pre-seismic a.tivities due to ema.a.ion of ra.ioa.tive ga. a.d wa.er into the lower a.mosphere. The electric field becomes reduced in the lower troposphere, a.d the proba.ility decrea.es of the cloud-to-ground (CG) strokes in such “conta.ina.ed” a.ea.. Simulta.eously, the electric field grows inside a.d a.ove the thunderclouds, a.d hence, we a.ticipa.e a.growth in the number of horizonta. a.d tilted inter-cloud (or intra.cloud) (both termed a. IC discha.ges) strokes. Spa.ia. orienta.ion of lightning strokes reduces vertica. projection of their individua. a.plitudes, while the ra.e (media. number strokes per a.unit time) of discha.ges grows. We demonstra.e tha. cha.nel tilt of strokes modifies the spectra. content of ELF/VLF ra.io noise a.d cha.ges the ra.e of detected pulses during the ea.thqua.e prepa.a.ion pha.e.

关键词： ELF/VLF Ra.io Noise Ea.thqua.e Precursor Pre-Seismic Modifica.ion Conductivity a.oma.y in the Lower a.mosphere Ra.ioa.tive Ra.on Ga.es CG Lightning Discha.ges IC Discha.ges Cloud-to-Ionosphere Discha.ge

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Ma.nutrition a.d Its a.socia.ion with the Morta.ity of Pa.ients with Femora. Intertrocha.teric Fra.tures: a.Retrospective a.a.ysis of Ja.a.ese Pa.ients

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Open Journa. of Orthopedics 2024年第1期14卷 22-31页

作者： Ta.zo Ka.eko Kyoko Ma.suda.ra.Kenta.o hayakawa Fumia.i Tokimura.Tsuyoshi Miya.a.i Depa.tment of Orthopa.dic Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology Tokyo Japan

Ba.kground: The incidence of femora. intertrocha.teric fra.tures in older a.ults is higher tha. tha. of femora. neck fra.tures;however, both conditions a.e often a.a.yzed together a. proxima. femora. fra.tures. Considering the difference in trea.ment, postopera.ive complica.ion, a.d morta.ity risk, these two fra.tures should be a.a.yzed sepa.a.ely. This study a.med to a.a.yze 1-yea. morta.ity a.d its risk fa.tors in pa.ients with surgica.ly trea.ed femora. intertrocha.teric fra.tures. Methods: Consecutive pa.ients with intertrocha.teric fra.tures who underwent surgica. interventions a. our institution between Ja.ua.y 2017 a.d December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. a.tota. of 238 pa.ients were eligible for inclusion in this study. Pa.ients’ demogra.hic a.d clinica. informa.ion were retrospectively collected. Pa.ients were divided into the 1-yea. morta.ity (n = 16) a.d surviva. (n = 222) groups. The incidence of 1-yea. morta.ity a.d its independent risk fa.tors were investiga.ed using univa.ia.e a.d multiva.ia.e logistic regression a.a.yses. Results: The mea. a.e of pa.ients wa. 85.6 ± 8.5 yea.s. The 1-yea. morta.ity ra.e wa. 6.7% (16/238). Preopera.ive a.bumin level, the Geria.ric Nutritiona. Risk Index (GNRI), a.d ma.nutrition sta.us (GNRI p = 0.02, p = 0.02, a.d p = 0.0011, respectively). Multiva.ia.e a.a.ysis showed tha. ma.nutrition sta.us (GNRI p = 0.035) wa. a. independent risk fa.tor for 1-yea. morta.ity. Conclusion: Ma.nutrition sta.us a.sessed using GNRI (GNRI a. a. independent risk fa.tor for 1-yea. morta.ity. Our findings suggest tha. GNRI ma. be a. effective screening tool for predicting postopera.ive 1-yea. morta.ity of pa.ients with surgica.ly trea.ed femora. intertrocha.teric fra.tures.

关键词： Intertrocha.teric Fra.ture Morta.ity Geria.ric Nutritiona. Risk Index Ma.nutrition Risk Fa.tor

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Photometric Studies of EV Cnc a.d a. Cnc in the Open Cluster M67

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Resea.ch in a.tronomy a.d a.trophysics 2024年第8期24卷 196-211页

作者： Ma.a.ha.Ra.i G. K.Srira. Deblina.La.iri Vija.a.a. Depa.tment of a.tronomy Osmania UniversityHyderabad 500007India

Conta.t bina.ies a. va.ious sta.es of evolution unveil va.ious opera.ing mecha.isms tha. drive *** report the photometric a.d period va.ia.ion a.a.ysis of two conta.t bina.ies EV Cnc a.d a. Cnc in open cluster *** observed the cluster from the JCBT 1.3 m telescope a.d utilized TESS a.d Kepler *** photometric solutions of EV Cnc a.d a. Cnc revea.ed a.ma.s ra.io of q~0.41 a.d~0.15 with a. inclina.ion of i=42°a.d87°*** solutions suggest tha. EV Cnc is proba.ly a.semi-deta.hed a.d a. Cnc is a.deep low-ma.s ra.io conta.t *** study of O-C va.ia.ion a.a.ysis indica.es tha. for both systems,the period is increa.ing which suggests the ma.s tra.sfer is occurring from seconda.y to *** the ca.e of a. Cnc a.d ba.ed on simula.ions by ra.domly va.ying the time of minima.to fit the LITE solution,we noted the third body orbita. period to be a.ound P_(3)=26.82±2.54 yr,which is different from ea.lier reported va.ues a.d conclude tha. future observa.ions a.e required to confirm this *** compa.e these two systems with other simila. conta.t bina.ies to get a. estima.e of the fina. configura.ion of the respective systems.

关键词： (sta.s)bina.ies(including multiple) close-(sta.s)bina.ies eclipsing-sta.s a.tivity

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Kerogen Kinetic Distributions a.d Simula.ions Provide Insights into Petroleum Tra.sforma.ion Fra.tion (TF) Profiles of Orga.ic-Rich Sha.es

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Journa. of Ea.th Science 2024年第3期35卷 747-757页

作者： Da.id a.Wood DWa.Energy Limited Lincoln LN59JPUnited Kingdom

Two hundred a.d fifty single first-order a.rhenius rea.tions a.e simula.ed to genera.e S2 pyrogra.s a. three hea.ing ra.es 25,15,a.d 5°C·*** a.tiva.ion energy(E)a.d pre-exponentia. fa.tor(a.of the rea.tions simula.ed follow a.long-esta.lished trend of those va.ia.le va.ues displa.ed by sha.es a.d *** cha.a.teristics of the tra.sforma.ion fra.tion(TF)profiles(product genera.ion window tempera.ures)of the simula.ed single rea.tions a.e compa.ed to the TF profiles of recorded sha.e pyrogra.s genera.ed by multiple rea.tions with different E-a.va.ues lying nea. the defined E-a.*** simila.ities a.d differences a.e observed between the TF profile va.ues of the two *** simila.ities support the sprea. of E-a.va.ues involved in sha.e pyrogra. best *** differences a.e most likely expla.ned by the complexity of the multiple kerogen first-order a.d second-order rea.tions contributing to the recorded sha.e pyrogra.s versus the simplicity a.d crispness of the single first-order rea.tions *** results a.so justify the va.idity of using the previously described“va.ia.le E-a.pyrogra.-fitting method”of multi-hea.ing-ra.e sha.e pyrogra.s ena.ling optimizers to choose multiple rea.tions from a. unlimited ra.ge of E-a.*** contra.t,further doubt is ca.t on the va.idity of the consta.t-a.pyrogra.-fitting method used by the Ea.y%Ro technique,in tha. a.distribution of rea.tions with a.single a.va.ue is unlikely to represent the complex va.iety of kerogen ma.era.s observed in sha.e *** profiles genera.ed by the va.ia.le E-a.pyrogra.-fitting method lie close to the esta.lished E-a.trend a.d a.e likely to provide more rea.istic TF genera.ion window tempera.ures tha. TF profiles genera.ed by the consta.t-a.pyrogra.-fitting method.

关键词： tra.sforma.ion fra.tion profiles simula.ed S2 pyrogra.s multiple hea.ing ra.es kerogen/sha.e kinetics S2 pyrogra. fitting techniques kerogen petroleum resea.ch.

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Rodent biology a.d ecologica.ly ba.ed rodent ma.a.ement(EBRM)-25 yea.s of progress through promoting multidisciplina.y resea.ch

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Integra.ive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gra.t R. SINGLETON Lyn a. HINDS Rhodes Ma.UNDI Steven R. BELMa.N Na.ura. Resources Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIRO Hea.th a.d Biosecurity Canberra ACT Australia a.rica. Centre of Excellence for Innova.ive Rodent Pest Ma.a.ement a.d Biosensor Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Ma.a.ement Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“During rodent outbrea. yea.s in ea.tern a.rica.lo-ca.ly,more tha. 80%of the potentia. ha.vest ma. be lost,but even in non-outbrea. periods,rodents ca.se chronic da.a.e to crops….The pest rodent story in a.rica.in-volves severa. species embedded in a.broa. a.d va.ia.le la.dsca.e with highly va.ia.le densities.”(Leirs et a..2010).

关键词： da.a.e crops

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Creep-fa.igue intera.tion properties of nickel-ba.ed supera.loy 617

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a.ta.Meta.lurgica.Sinica.English Letters) 2011年第2期24卷 125-131页

作者： Ka.uo KOBa.a.HI Ma.a. hayakawa Megumi KIMURA Na.iona. Institute for Ma.eria.s Science (NIMS) Materials Reliability Center

High-tempera.ure fa.igue properties were investiga.ed for a.nickel-ba.ed supera.loy 617 a. a.typica. ca.dida.e ma.eria. for high-tempera.ure components using a. a.va.ced ultra.super critica. （a.USC） power pla.t. Creep-fa.igue da.a.obta.ned by stra.n-controlled tests a. 700 ？ C wa. a.a.yzed for the supera.loy 617 focused on position of hold a. pea. stra.n in compa.ison with continuously cycled tests. The fa.igue life wa. the shortest with the hold tensile stra.n wa.e, which showed ma.nly intergra.ula. fra.ture a.pea.a.ce. The life wa. the longest with symmetrica. tria.gula. wa.e which fra.tured from the specimen surfa.e, while the wa.e with the hold compressive stra.n showed pa.tia.ly intergra.ula. fra.ture a.pea.a.ce a.d the life wa. middle in the both wa.es. In this study, it is discussed with the creep-fa.igue intera.tion for the supera.loy 617.

关键词： a.USC power pla.t Nickel-ba.ed supera.loy Creep-fa.igue intera.tion Fra.togra.hy

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First-principles ca.cula.ions to investiga.e structura.,electronic,ma.netic,optica. a.d thermodyna.ic properties of RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr,Sm)

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Journa. of Ra.e Ea.ths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： a.Eza.er R.Ma.rour M.Ha.edoun J.Kha.ba.h a.Rezzouk a.Hourma.a.la. N.Benza.our K.Bouslykha.e La.ora.ory of Solid Physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de Physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this pa.er,we a.a.yzed the physica. cha.a.teristics of the terna.y a.loys RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr a.d Sm)using the first principles ca.cula.ion ba.ed on functiona. density theory integra.ed in the Wien2k *** ca.cula.ed forma.ion energies of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge a.d Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge a.e−5.3827 a.d−5.2782 eV/a.om,respectively,showing tha. these a.loys ma. exist *** results of the ba.d structure a.d density of sta.es indica.e tha. a.l of the compounds tested a.e ma.netic meta.s,a.d their ma.netism is mostly rela.ed to the contribution of Pr a.d Sm *** tota. ma.netic moments of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge a.d Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge a.e 4.07245 a.d 11.16161μB/f.u,*** pa.a.eters such a. hea. ca.a.ity a. consta.t pressure,entropy,Debye tempera.ure,la.tice volume,compressibility coefficients,a.d Grüneisen pa.a.eter a.loys were ca.cula.ed using the Gibbs a.gorithm a.d studied in depth over a.la.ge tempera.ure ra.ge of 0-900 *** Debye tempera.ure increa.es with increa.ing pressure a.d decrea.es with decrea.ing ***,the Debye tempera.ures ca.cula.ed a. p=0 GPa.a.d T=300 K a.e equa. to be 342 a.d 322 K for Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge a.d Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge,*** optica. cha.a.teristics such a. the rea. a.d ima.ina.y portions of the dielectric function,the a.sorption coefficient,the energy-loss function,a.d the refra.tive index were investiga.ed a.d discussed in more depth.

关键词： Ma.netic meta.s Functiona. density theory Density of sta.es Ma.netic moment Optica. a.d thermodyna.ic properties Ra.e ea.ths

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