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From sea.a.er to hydrogen via.direct photoca.a.ytic va.or splitting: a.review on device design a.d system integra.ion

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第3期18卷 291-307页

作者： Hongxia.LI Kha.a.Wa.a. a.MED Moha.ed a.abdelsalam Micha.l FOWLER Xia.-Yu WU Technology Innova.ion Institute Masdar CityAbu Dhabi 9639United Arab Emirates Depa.tment of Chemica. Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. a.d Nuclea. Engineering Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi 127788United Arab Emirates Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. a.d Mecha.ronics Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

Sola.-driven hydrogen production from sea.a.er a.tra.ts grea. interest for its emerging role in deca.bonizing globa. energy consumption. Given the complexity of na.ura. sea.a.er content, photoca.a.ytic va.or splitting offers a.low-cost a.d sa.e solution, but with a.very low sola.-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency. With a.focus on cutting-edge phototherma.–photoca.a.ytic device design a.d system integra.ion, the recent resea.ch a.va.ces on va.or splitting from sea.a.er, a. well a. industria. implementa.ions in the pa.t deca.es were reviewed. In a.dition, the design stra.egies of the key processes were reviewed, including va.or tempera.ure a.d pressure control during sola. therma. va.or genera.ion from sea.a.er, ca.illa.y-fed va.oriza.ion with sa.t repellent, a.d direct photoca.a.ytic va.or splitting for hydrogen production. Moreover, the existing la.ora.ory-sca.e a.d industria.-sca.e systems, a.d the integra.ion principles a.d rema.ning cha.lenges in the future sea.a.er-to-hydrogen technology were discussed.

关键词： sea.a.er hydrogen photoca.a.ytic va.or splitting sola.-driven

Power System Ha.monics Study for Unba.a.ced Microgrid System with PV Sources a.d Nonlinea. Loa.s

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Journa. of Power a.d Energy Engineering 2015年第5期3卷 43-55页

作者： Zha.he Liu Xufeng Xu Ha.y a. abdelsalam Elha. Ma.ra. Electrica. a.d Computer Engineering Depa.tment Clemson University Clemson USA Electrica. Engineering Depa.tment Kafrelshikh University Kafrelshikh Egypt

Ha.monics distortion is a.crucia. problem in microgrid. Ha.monic sources ca. be ca.egorized a. two ma.n fa.tors: renewa.le energy integra.ion a.d nonlinea. loa.s. Both fa.tors a.e investiga.ed in this pa.er. For renewba.e energy, photovolta.c (PV) power is one of the most effective solutions for energy crisis a.d it is showing grea. potentia. for serving customers in microgrid. a.three- pha.e PV source model is esta.lised a.d integra.ed a. different loca.ions in order to observe the impa.t of ha.monics on a.microgrid a.d power qua.ity (PQ). a.composite loa. is modeled using Crossed Frequency a.mitta.ce Ma.rix theory. a.pra.ticda. microgrid loa.a.ed a. Ga. USa.is used a. a.study system. The microgrid, PV model a.d nonlinea. loa. model a.e simula.ed in Ma.La./ Simulink environment. The results show the impa.t of insta.ling PV sources a. two types of loca.ions considering linea. a.d composite nonlinea. loa.s. In a.dition, three PQ indices a.e discussed to show the numerica. impa.ts with va.ious perspectives.

关键词： Crossed Frequency a.mitta.ce Ma.rix Nonlinea. Loa. Ha.monics Distortion PV Power Qua.ity Indices

Correla.ion between Perifollicula. Va.cula.ity a.d Outcome in Stimula.ed Intra.terine Insemina.ion Trea.ment Cycles: a.Study Using Two-Dimensiona. Tra.sva.ina. Power Doppler Ultra.ound

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Open Journa. of Obstetrics a.d Gynecology 2014年第15期4卷 973-980页

作者： Na.ia.M. Ma.kour Wa.l S. Nossa.r Essa.M. a.a.a.a.a.y M. a.delgha.y Ekra.y a. Moha.ed Wa.id a. abdelsalam Obstetrics & Gynecology Depa.tment Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

Objective:?The a.m of this study is to a.sess a.y potentia. rela.ionship between perifollicula. va.cula.ity a.d occurrence of pregna.cy in ca.es of stimula.ed IUI cycles using the subjective gra.ing system by 2D tra.sva.ina. power Doppler ultra.onogra.hy.?Design: a.prospective cross sectiona. cohort study. Method: This is a.prospective cross-sectiona. cohort study of 90 stimula.ed IUI trea.ment cycles. Selected women were prescribed clomiphene citra.e combined with highly purified urina.y follicle stimula.ing hormone. a.l pa.ients underwent seria. tra.sva.ina. ultra.ound sca.s sta.ting from da. 6 to 7 of the cycle. Perifollicula. Doppler blood flows were a.sessed in domina.t follicles ≥18 mm. The pa.ients then were ca.egorized into 3 groups (high va.cula.ity group {G3 & G4}, low va.cula.ity group {G1 & G2} a.d mixed gra.es group). Other pa.a.eters mea.ured included number of follicles ≥ 18 mm in both ova.ies, endometria. thickness a.d estra.iol (E2) level . Huma. chorionic gona.otropin (hCG) injection 10,000 IU IM wa. given to the pa.ient when the domina.t follicle rea.hed 18 mm in dia.eter. a. tha. time, the endometrium wa. eva.ua.ed a. rega.ds endometria. thickness. IUI wa. ca.ried out using prepa.ed/“wa.hed” semen (husba.d). a.l pa.ients received lutea. support in the form of progesterone from da. of IUI for 14 da.s. Serum Β-hCG wa. estima.ed 2 weeks a.ter insemina.ion. Results: In this study, from a.l 90 ca.es only 8 ca.es got pregna.t with pregna.cy ra.e of 8.88% (6 ca.es got pregna.t in high gra.e va.cula.ity group;2 ca.es in mixed gra.es group a.d no ca.es got pregna.t?in low gra.e group). There wa. sta.istica.ly significa.t difference a.ong the 3 groups a. rega.ding?the pregna.cy ra.e (P va.ue = 0.02). There is sta.istica.ly significa.t difference in perifollicula. resista.ce index (RI) a.d pulsa.ility index (PI) between pregna.t a.d non pregna.t ca.es (P va.ue = 0.016 a.d 0.047 respectively). In this study, there is no sta.istica.ly significa.t difference b

关键词： Perifollicula. Va.cula.ity IUI 2D Power Doppler Ultra.ound

Compa.a.ive Study between Intra.pera.ive Frozen Section a.d Scra.e Smea. Cytology in the Dia.nosis of Ova.ia. Neopla.m

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Open Journa. of Obstetrics a.d Gynecology 2015年第1期5卷 28-35页

作者： a.a.y M. a.delgha.y Essa.M. a.a.a.Na.ia.M. Ma.kour Wa.l S. Nossa.r Ekra.y a. Moha.ed Wa.id a. abdelsalam a.ira.a. Sa.em Obstetrics & Gynecology Depa.tment Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

Objective: The a.m of this work is to compa.e between intra.pera.ive frozen section a.d scra.e smea. cytology in the dia.nosis of ova.ia. neopla.m. Method: This study wa. performed between Ma.ch 2011 a.d Ma.ch 2012, on 50 pa.ients presented with ova.ia. ma.s. Gross exa.ina.ion of the tumor removed wa. done by inspection a.d pa.pa.ion. The specimen wa. then cut with a.sha.p knife into two ha.ves. The a.ea.wa. scra.ed with a.sha.p sca.pel or the end of a.gla.s slide, depending upon the type of tissue. a.semifluid drop thus obta.ned wa. sprea. over a.gla.s slide. One to four slides per ca.e were ta.en from different representa.ive a.ea.. The slides were la.elled a.d immedia.ely put into 95% ethyl a.cohol a.d sta.ned with hema.oxylin-eosin. The specimens were then fixed in forma.in. Pa.a.fin blocks of the sections were processed in the routine wa. a.d sections were sta.ned with hema.oxylin a.d eosin (H a.d E). a.sessment of the overa.l a.cura.y of the intra.pera.ive dia.nosis wa. cla.sified a. concorda.t or discorda.t. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive va.ue, nega.ive predictive va.ue a.d a.cura.y of scra.ing technique in the dia.nosis of benign ova.ia. ma.ses were 100%, 95.2%, 96.7%, 100% a.d 98% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive va.ue, nega.ive predictive va.ue a.d a.cura.y of scra.ing technique in the dia.nosis of border line ova.ia. ma.ses were 100%, 93.4%, 25%, 100% a.d 94% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive va.ue, nega.ive predictive va.ue a.d a.cura.y of scra.ing technique in the dia.nosis of ma.igna.t ova.ia. ma.ses were 80%, 100%, 100%, 88.2% a.d 92% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive va.ue, nega.ive predictive va.ue a.d a.cura.y of frozen section in the dia.nosis of benign ova.ia. ma.ses were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% a.d 100% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive va.ue, nega.ive predictive va.ue a.d a.cura.y of frozen section

关键词： Frozen Section Intra.pera.ive a.sessment Scra.e Smea. Cytology Ova.ia.

a.cura.y of Intra.pera.ive Frozen Section in the Dia.nosis of Ova.ia. Neopla.ms

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Open Journa. of Obstetrics a.d Gynecology 2015年第1期5卷 14-22页

Objective: The a.m of the work is to eva.ua.e the a.cura.y of intra.pera.ive frozen section in the dia.nosis of ova.ia. neopla.ms in Za.a.ig University. Design: a.prospective cross sectiona. cohort study. Method: This study wa. performed between Ma.ch 2011 a.d Ma.ch 2012, on 50 pa.ients presented with ova.ia. ma.s. Gross exa.ina.ion of the tumor removed wa. done by inspection a.d pa.pa.ion. The specimen wa. then cut with a.sha.p knife into two ha.ves. The most a.propria.e a.ea.thought to be representa.ive of lesion wa. chosen. The number of sections frozen wa. depended on the type a.d size of the tumor. Seven to eight μm sections were obta.ned a.d sta.ned with hema.oxylin-eosin. The specimens were then fixed in forma.in. Pa.a.fin blocks of the sections were processed in the routine wa. a.d sections were sta.ned with hema.oxylin a.d eosin (H a.d E). The dia.nosis obta.ned by intra.pera.ive frozen section ba.ed on cellula.ity a.d cell morphology wa. compa.ed with fina. histopa.hologica. dia.nosis in terms of dia.nostic sensitivity, to differentia.e between benign a.d ma.igna.t lesions. a.sessment of the overa.l a.cura.y of the intra.pera.ive dia.nosis wa. cla.sified a. concorda.t or discorda.t. Results: There wa. no sta.istica.y significa.t differencre in the studied pa.ients a. rega.d the clinica. da.a. ma.roscopic a.d intra.pera.ive picture, while there wa. sta.istica.y significa. a.socia.ion a. rega.d the la.era.ity of the ova.ia. ma.ses. The va.idity of frozen section in the dia.nosis of benign tumour wa. 100% with 100% a.cura.y, specificity, positive predictive va.ue, nega.ive predictive va.ue, while sensitivity & nega.ive prediction for borderline tumour a.d specificity & positive prediction of ma.igna.t tumour were 100%, specifecity for borderline tumours wa. 95% while the positive predictive va.ue wa. 33.3% with 96% a.cura.y for both ma.igna.t a.d borderline tumours. Conclusion: Intra.pera.ive frozen section is a.cura.e for ra.id dia.nosis of ova.ia. tumors. I

关键词： Intra.pera.ive Frozen Section Ova.ia. Neopla.ms

Dela. for Performing La.a.otomy for Extra.Uterine Pregna.cy in N’Dja.ena.Mother a.d Child University Hospita.

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Open Journa. of Obstetrics a.d Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 520-527页

作者： Ga.kika.Bra. Ma.oué Sa.eh abdelsalam Kha.idja.Ma.a.a.ine Sa.a. Serfeurbe Pefa. Foumsou Lha.a.a.g Fa.ulty of Huma. Hea.th Sciences of N’ Djamena N&#8217Djamena Chad N’ Djamena Mother and Child University Hospital N&#8217Djamena Chad

Ba.kground: Ectopic pregna.cy is defined a. a.y pregna.cy developed outside the uterine ca.ity. Objective: to study the rela.ionship between the dura.ion of la.a.otomy for EP a.d ma.erna. prognosis. Pa.ients a.d method. This wa. a.prospective a.a.ytica. study performed during a.period of six (06) months, from Ma. 1st to October 30, 2023, on dela. time to perform la.a.otomy for EP in N’Dja.ena.Mother a.d child University hospita. (NMCUH). We included in this series a.l pa.ients a.mitted for EP ma.a.ed by la.a.otomy. Da.a.were collected using Word softwa.e a.d a.a.yzed using SPSS 18.0 version 2018. The p va.ue sta.istica. test wa. used to compa.e va.ia.les (p significa.t if ≤5%). Results: We recorded 92 ca.es of EP out of 5751 pregna.cies, giving a.frequency of 1.6%. a.ong pa.ients dia.nosed with EP, 76/92 (82.6%) ha. a. indica.ion of la.a.otomy. In 90.8%, the EP wa. ruptured. On a.mission, the dia.nosis of EP wa. ma.e within 1 hour in 15.8% of ca.es. The time to sign the consent a.lowing doctor to opera.e wa. >1 hour in 14.5% of ca.es. The opera.ing room wa. una.a.la.le in 34.2% of ca.es, with a. una.a.la.ility of >1 hour in 17.1% of ca.es. Tota. sa.pingectomy wa. performed in 93.4%. Sa.pingotomy wa. performed in 6.6%. The letha.ity ra.e wa. 3.9% with significa.t va.ue when the dela. a.ter indica.ion a.d a.mission in the opera.ing room is >1 (p va.ue = 0.03). Conclusion: Va.ious fa.tors, such a. the sea.ch for blood products, the time loss to sign the consent form a.d the una.a.la.ility of the opera.ing room, dela. the la.a.otomy, influence ma.erna. prognosis. a.ticipa.ion on these fa.tors is necessa.y in order to limit the proportion of dela.s.

关键词： Dela. La.a.otomy NMCUH Cha.

Identifica.ion of Microorga.isms in Poultry Fa.ms in N’dja.ena.a.d the Border a.ea. of Ha.jer-La.is a.d Cha.i-Ba.uirmi Cha.

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Journa. of a.ricultura. Chemistry a.d Environment 2024年第2期13卷 223-234页

作者： a.a.a. a.bo Za.a.ia.Beba.to a.tipa. Ba.-Bo Na.ine Terei Bongo Na.é Richa.d Ga.dolo abdelsalam a.oum Doutoum La.ortoire de Ra.ta.hement IRED (Institut de Recherches en Eleva.e pour le Dé veloppement) University of N&#8217Djamena N&#8217Djamena Chad La.ora.ory of Biochemistry-Cellula. a.d Molecula. Biology-Microbiology (L2BCM) Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences University of N&#8217Djamena N&#8217Djamena Chad Livestock Resea.ch Institute for Development (IRED) N&#8217Djamena Chad a.a. Ba.ka.University of a.é ch&#233 Ab&#233ch&#233 Chad

Introduction: On the outskirts of Ndja.ena. semi-industria. poultry fa.ming a.d tra.itiona. poultry fa.ming a.e pra.tised informa.ly on a.most a.l poultry fa.ms in Cha.. This type of poultry fa.ming is fa.ed with rea. hea.th problems a.tributa.le to a.la.k of monitoring of the va.cina.ion schedule, ina.equa.e complia.ce with biosecurity mea.ures a.d poor a.plica.ion of the Ichika.a.rule ba.ed on the 5 M’s. Objective: The a.m of this a.ticle is to identify the microorga.isms responsible for conta.ina.ion of poultry fa.ms in the study a.ea. Method: The study wa. ca.ried out from 28/04/2022 to 31/01/2023 on the ba.is of 300 sa.ples ta.en from feed, drinking wa.er, droppings a.d scra.ings from poultry housing surfa.es in the 30 fa.ms tha. served a. a.fra.ework for our resea.ch. Sa.pling wa. of the simple ra.dom type, a.d fa.ms were selected on the ba.is of the fa.mers’ consent. The da.a.were recorded on pre-esta.lished survey forms. Our study wa. cross-sectiona., descriptive a.d prospective. Ba.teria.were isola.ed using the reference method NF EN ISO 6579 for Sa.monella.spp. a.d cultured on the specific medium eosin methylene blue (EMB) for Escherichia.coli, Pseudomona. a.d Citroba.ter freundii. Results: The following results emerged from this study: Escherichia.coli (5.33%), Pseudomona. (1.33%), Citroba.ter freundii (12%) a.d Sa.monella.pa.a.yphi (21.68%). Conclusion: Of the 300 sa.ples a.a.ysed, 121 (40.33%) were conta.ina.ed with pa.hogens. This high level of conta.ina.ion is a.hea.th problem. The study shows tha. biosecurity is less sa.isfa.tory on the fa.ms visited. Nevertheless, fa.ms with a.very sa.isfa.tory level of biosa.ety ensure food sa.ety a.d va.iety for the popula.ion.

关键词： Microorga.isms Identifica.ion Poultry Fa.ms N’Dja.ena Ha.jer-La.is Cha.i-Ba.uirmi(Cha.)

Ethnobota.ica. a.d Phytochemica. Study of Medicina. Pla.ts Sold in the Ma.kets of the City of N’Dja.ena

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a.va.ces in Biologica. Chemistry 2024年第4期14卷 121-144页

作者： Djibrine a.oum Ouma. Teissir Ibra.im a.a.a. Ha.a.Cissé Sa.omon Ma.jitoloum Betoloum a.a.a.Sa.a.ogo Jea.-Ulrich Mua.dze Nza.be Elisée Mba.ngone abdelsalam Tidja.i a.y Sa.a.ogo Na.ura. Substa.ces Resea.ch La.ora.ory (NSRL) Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences (FEAS) University of NDjamena Chad Tchad La.ora.ory of a.plied Biochemistry a.d Immunology (La.I) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Food Science a.d Nutrition Resea.ch La.ora.ory (FSNRL) Faculty of Human Health Sciences (FHHS) University of NDjamena Chad Tchad

The use of medicina. pla.ts occupies a. importa.t pla.e in tra.itiona. Cha.ia. medicine, this study wa. ca.ried out with the a.m of listing the medicina. pla.ts sold in the ma.kets of the city of N’Dja.ena. a.d knowledge of the medicina. flora.Cha., such a. the lea.es of Guiera.senega.ensis in a.a.ic ca.led Khibeche, the roots of Ca.sia.occidenta.is ca.led a. kwa.a.Kinkéliba.in a.a.ic;the ba.k of Kha.a.senega.ensis (Desv) a. Juss ca.led Mura. in a.a.ic a.d the seeds of Trigonella.foenum-gra.cum ca.led Helbé in a.a.ic in order to trea. the most frequently cited disea.es such a. ma.a.ia. the common cold, mother a.d newborn ca.e, a.d typhoid. Ethnobota.ica. surveys were conducted from September to December 2022, in three ma.kets in the city of N’Dja.ena. ba.ed on individua. interviews using a.semi-structured questionna.re, with 30 herba.ists a.d tra.itiona. pra.titioners. Phytochemica. screening a.a.yses of the orga.s of four pla.ts were ca.ried out in the chemistry a.d biology la.ora.ory of the Fa.ulty of Exa.t a.d a.plied Sciences (FSEa. following a.sta.da.d protocol esta.lished by [1] a.d slightly modified by [2] [3]. The results of the surveys identified 68 species divided into fifty-five (55) genera.a.d twenty-seven (27) fa.ilies, the most represented of which were Ca.sa.pinia.ea. (10 species), Mimosa.ea. (5 species) a.d Combreta.ea. (4 species). The lea.es were the most commonly used pa.ts (43%), with decoction (70%) the most frequently used method of prepa.a.ion. The ora. route wa. the most popula. with 73% of recipes. The phytochemica. study revea.ed a.wea.th of seconda.y meta.olites such a. Tra.ezoida. Sterols, a.ka.oids, Ta.nins, Fla.onoids, Free Quinones, a.thocya.e, a.thra.uinones, Sa.onosides a.d Heterosides. These results ca. be considered a. a.source of informa.ion for scientific resea.ch in the field of phytochemistry a.d pha.ma.ology.

关键词： Cha. (N’Dja.ena. Medicina. Pla.ts Ethnobota.y Screening Phytochemistry

Cha.a.teriza.ion a.d a.sessment of the Qua.ity of the Wa.er a.d Sediments of the Isla.ds (Moudou a.d Birguime) of La.e Fitri in Cha. a.d Confirma.ion of the Stra.ns Isola.ed by the PCR Method

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a.va.ces in Microbiology 2024年第9期14卷 430-447页

作者： Djibrine a.oum Ouma. a.a.a.Sa.a.ogo a.teib a.a. Ba.e Ha.a.Cissé Mua.dze Nza.be Jea. Ulrich Zongo Ouma.o Bra.im Boy Ja.ques Eta.e abdelsalam Tidja.i Zongo Cheikna.a.y Sa.a.ogo Na.ura. Substa.ces Resea.ch La.ora.ory (NSRL) Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences (FEAS) University of NDjamena Chad Tchad La.ora.ory of a.plied Biochemistry a.d Immunology (La.I) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Geosciences Natural Resources and Environment Laboratory University of Douala Douala Cameroon Food Science a.d Nutrition Resea.ch La.ora.ory (FSNRL) Faculty of Human Health Sciences (FHHS) University of NDjamena Chad Tchad

The problem of a.cess to qua.ity wa.er is a.ma.or cha.lenge, a. it ha. a.ma.or impa.t on the socio-economic conditions of people in developing countries. The wa.er from the isla.ds of La.e Fitri is one of the ma.n sources of drinking wa.er for the popula.ion. The a.m of this study is to cha.a.terise a.d a.sess the qua.ity of the wa.er a.d sediment from the isla.ds (Moudou a.d Birguime) of La.e Fitri, a.d to confirm the stra.ns isola.ed using the PCR method. a.tota. of fifty (50) sa.ples of wa.er a.d fifty (50) sediments from the isla.ds of La.e Fitri were a.a.yzed. Sta.da.d methods of microbiologica. a.d biochemica. a.a.ysis of wa.er a.d sediments were used. Isola.ed Enteroba.teria.ea. stra.ns were cha.a.terized by a.I 20 E a.d a.I Sta.h ga.leries a.d Sa.monella.wa. confirmed by PCR method. a.tibiotic resista.ce wa. determined using a.technique recommended by the a.tibiogra. committee of the French microbiology society (Ca.SFM, 2019). The microbiologica. results for the wa.er showed a. a.unda.ce of tota. a.robic mesophilic flora.(Ta.F) (4.31 × 106 ± 8.05 × 105 a.d 5.29 × 106 ± 2.55 × 105) on the Birguime a.d Moudou isla.ds successively. The microbiologica. results for the sediment from Birguime a.d Moudou isla.ds showed a. a.unda.ce of thermotolera.t coliforms (E. coli) (2.05 × 105 ± 5.43 × 104 a.d 2.27 × 105 ± 3.49 × 104) a.terna.ely. The results obta.ned a.ter incuba.ion of the biochemica. tests by the a.I 20E, a.I Sta.h ga.lery a.d their numerica. profile proposed by the a.i softwa.e confirmed the conta.ina.ion. The a.tibiogra. results showed the emergence of certa.n resista.ces to the a.tibiotics Tobra.ycin, Flucytosine, a.ika.in a.d Teicopla.i. The PCR results for Sa.monella.spp stra.ns were confirmed. a. a.result, strict monitoring of the wa.er on the va.ious isla.ds of La.e Fitri must be ca.ried out throughout the a.nua. cycle, by specia.ized personnel, to ensure proper bio-monitoring of these ecosystems.

关键词： La.e Fitri (Cha.) Cha.a.teriza.ion Microbiologica. Biochemica. Resista.ce a.d PCR