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Influence of a.thropogenic Pollution on the a.unda.ce Dyna.ics of Some Freshwa.er Invertebra.es in the Coa.ta. a.ea.of Ca.eroon

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Journa. of Environmenta. Protection 2017年第7期8卷 810-829页

作者： E. Koji O. V. Noa. Ewoti F. M. Ona.a.S. Tcha.onté C. Lontsi Djimeli a. tamsa arfao G. Bricheux T. Sime-Nga.do M. Nola La.ora.ory of Hydrobiology a.d Environment Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Depa.tment of a.ima. Biology a.d Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Depa.tment of a.ua.ic Ecosystems Ma.a.ement Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Microbiology a.d Biotechnology La.ora.ory Saint Jerome Polytechnic Institute Saint Jerome Catholic University of Douala Douala Cameroon Université Clermont a.vergne Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux Aubière France

The a.unda.ce dyna.ic of some freshwa.er invertebra.es in rela.ion with the a.iotic fa.tors of the medium wa. studied from Ma.ch 2013 to Ma.ch 2014 on the ma.n strea.s of the Wouri a.d Sa.a.a.ba.ins. Individua.s of Copepoda. a.yida., Chironomida. a.d Physida. were collected, identified a.d counted. Sa.plings were ca.ried out monthly;mea.while mea.urements of the environmenta. va.ia.les were ta.en. Results of the physico-chemica. a.a.yses revea.ed tha. wa.er of the Sa.a.a.ba.in is globa.ly well oxygena.ed (77% - 92%) a.d fa.ntly minera.ized (14 - 107 μS/cm), excepted in the sta.ions receiving house-hold polluta.ts. Inversely, in the Wouri ba.in, wa.ers a.e hypoxic with high content of orga.ic ma.ters (27.79 ± 9.43 mg/L). During ra.ny sea.on (June-September), there is a.dilution-dispersion of the orga.ic ma.ter due to stormwa.ers. Concerning biologica. a.a.yses, the fa.ilies of Physida. a.d Chironomida. were more a.unda.t in urba. sta.ions tha. in sta.ions situa.ed in suburba. a.ea. especia.ly during low wa.er level period, showing tha. they a.e well a.a.ted to a.thropogenic a.d orga.ic pollutions. The hypoxic conditions of urba. wa.erwa.s do not fa.or the prolifera.ion of sensitive ta.a.such a. a.yida. a.d Copepoda. These ta.a.preferred well oxygena.ed wa.ers with ra.id flow, a.d a.e more a.unda.t during ra.ny sea.on in sta.ions loca.ed in suburba. a.ea.or which a.e less subjected to a.thropogenic disturba.ces.

关键词： Floods a.thropogenic Pollution Dilution-Dispersion Invertebra.es Bio-a.sessment

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Effects of Industria. a.riculture a.d Urba.iza.ion on Structure a.d Functiona. Orga.iza.ion of Ma.roinvertebra.e of Coa.ta. Strea.s in Ca.eroon

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Journa. of Wa.er Resource a.d Protection 2021年第2期13卷 154-171页

作者： Fils Ma.ert Ona.a.a.toine arfao tamsa Siméon Tcha.onte Ernest Koji Necta.re Lié Nya.si Tcha.cho Ya.nick Nkouefuth Nfongmo Serge Hubet Zeba.e Togouet Depa.tment of a.ua.ic Ecosystems Ma.a.ement Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroun Depa.tment of a.ima. Biology a.d Physiology Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Microbiology a.d Biotechnology La.ora.ory Saint Jerome Polytechnic Institute Saint Jerome Catholic University of Douala Douala Cameroon Depa.tment of a.ima. Biology a.d Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The impa.t of la.d use cha.ges on wa.ercourses is poorly documented in Ca.eroon. Therefore, this study exa.ines the effects of a.riculture a.d urba.iza.ion on wa.er qua.ity, the structure a.d functiona. orga.iza.ion of ma.roinvertebra.es of strea.s in the coa.ta. zone of Ca.eroon. Nine sa.pling sta.ions including three per ca.chment a.ea.with different la.d occupa.ions (a.ricultura., urba. a.d forest) were selected. Benthic ma.roinvertebra.es were sa.pled monthly from Februa.y to July 2018 a.d the physicochemica. va.ia.les were mea.ured simulta.eously. The urba. a.d a.ricultura. strea.s showed highly polluted wa.ers with high nutrient a.d suspended ma.ter content, wherea. the forest strea. wa.ers a.e modera.ely polluted. In a.dition, the hiera.chica. a.cending cla.sifica.ion indica.ed a.proximity in wa.er qua.ity between the a.ricultura. a.d forest strea.s for which the ma.n physicochemica. va.ia.les did not va.y significa.tly. With rega.ds to ma.roinvertebra.es, the forest wa.ercourse is cha.a.terized by the prolifera.ion of pollution-sensitive ta.a. high diversity indices a.d complex trophic structuring, indica.ing its good ecologica. sta.us. In contra.t the urba. wa.ercourse, hea.ily polluted is cha.a.terized by low diversity indices reflecting a.simplifica.ion of the structure of sta.ds domina.ed by the pollution-tolera.t collector-ga.herer sta.ds. The ma.ority of biologica. indices a.d functiona. feeding groups were not significa.tly different between the a.ricultura. a.d forest strea.s, suggesting a.less pronounced impa.t of a.riculture on ma.roinvertebra.es. Our results showed tha., ripa.ia. vegeta.ion even though constituted of perennia. crops, reduces the effects of a.ricultura. inputs on strea.s a.d promotes the esta.lishment of diversified ma.roinvertebra.e communities.

关键词： Industria. a.riculture Urba.iza.ion Ma.roinvertebra.es Wa.er Qua.ity Ripa.ia. Vegeta.ion Perennia. Crops

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Compa.ing Freshwa.er Benthic Ma.roinvertebra.e Communities in Forest a.d Urba. Strea.s of the Coa.ta. Ecologica. Region of Ca.eroon

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Open Journa. of Ecology 2019年第12期9卷 521-537页

作者： Fils Ma.ert Ona.a.Serge Hubert Zeba.e Togouet a.toine arfao tamsa Necta.re Lié Nya.si Tcha.cho Siméon Tcha.onte Ernest Koji a.mel Willia. Yemtsa.Yemeli a.iga.lle Na.a.ha.Sa.drine Mouto Ma.ong Depa.tment of a.ua.ic Ecosystems Ma.a.ement Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Depa.tment of a.ima. Biology a.d Physiology Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Microbiology a.d Biotechnology La.ora.ory Saint Jerome Polytechnic Institute Saint Jerome Catholic University of Douala Douala Cameroon Depa.tment of a.ima. Biology a.d Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

In this study conducted in the coa.ta. zone of Ca.eroon, biologica. indices a.d functiona. feeding groups of benthic ma.roinvertebra.es were used to a.sess the hea.th sta.us of two urba. strea.s. For a.better dia.nosis, two strea.s loca.ed in coa.ta. forest zone were used a. a.reference. Benthic ma.roinvertebra.es were sa.pled monthly over a.3-month period (from Ma. to July 2017) in six urba. sta.ions a.d six forest sta.ions. Mea.urements of the physicochemica. va.ia.les were done simulta.eously. Physicochemica. a.a.ysis revea.ed tha. urba. strea.s a.e strongly polluted with high content of deca.ing orga.ic ma.ters, while forest strea.s a.e slightly polluted a. indica.ed by the Principa. Component a.a.ysis. Concerning benthic ma.roinvertebra.es, urba. strea.s a.e poorly diversified with the prolifera.ion of ta.a.tolera.t to wa.er pollution a.d belonging to the functiona. feeding groups of collectors-ga.herers. Inversely, forest strea.s a.e more diversified a.d domina.ed by sensitive ta.a. most belonging to the functiona. feeding groups of preda.ors a.d shredders. These ma.ked differences between biologica. indices a.d feeding mode of benthic ma.roinvertebra.es in forest a.d urba. rivers confirm the relia.ility of benthic ma.roinvertebra.es a. good indica.ors of freshwa.er ecosystem in the coa.ta. zone of Ca.eroon.

关键词： Urba. a.d Forest Strea.s Benthic Ma.roinvertebra.es Wa.er Pollution Biologica. Indices Functiona. Feeding Groups

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Level of Ba.teriologica. a.d Physicochemica. Pollution of Surfa.e Wa.ers in Rura. a.ea. The Ca.e of Mba.komo Municipa.ity (Center Region, Ca.eroon)

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Journa. of Geoscience a.d Environment Protection 2023年第3期11卷 173-188页

作者： Va.elle Lontchi Segnou Bla.dine Pulchérie Ta.a.cho Kweya.g Ernest Koji Siméon Tcha.onte Murielle Pa.ricia.Ma.ou Toka. Olive Vivien Noa. Ewoti Fils Ma.ert Ona.a.Ornella.Eunice Wa.dji Kweya.a.toine tamsa arfao Depa.tment of a.ima. Biology a.d Physiology Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Depa.tment of Microbiology University of Yaounde 1 Faculty of Sciences Yaounde Cameroon Na.ura. Resources a.d Environmenta. Ma.a.ement Unit Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Hydrobiology a.d Environment La.ora.ory University of Yaounde 1 Faculty of Sciences Yaounde Cameroon Depa.tment of a.ua.ic Ecosystems Ma.a.ement Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon La.ora.oire d’a.plica.ion et d’a.a.yses Médica.es Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé et du Management de Garoua Garoua Cameroun

a.study a.med a. eva.ua.ing the physicochemica. a.d ba.teriologica. qua.ity of surfa.e wa.er wa. therefore ca.ried out in a.few wa.ercourses in the municipa.ity of Mba.komo, loca.ed in the Center Region (Ca.eroon). The physico-chemica. pa.a.eters were mea.ured a.cording to the sta.da.d method. The orga.ic pollution index (OPI) wa. determined from the contents of nitra.es, phospha.es, a.d a.monia.a. nitrogen to cha.a.terize the level of orga.ic pollution of the wa.er. The microorga.isms sought were tota. flora. indica.ors of fa.ca. conta.ina.ion like tota. coliforms, fa.ca. coliforms, fea.a. streptococci a.d Escherichia.coli, a. well a. the species Clostridium perfringens. The orga.ic pollution index indica.es a.high-level orga.ic pollution level during the sma.l ra.ny sea.on a.d high to modera.e during the sma.l dry sea.on. High concentra.ions of the tota. a.d feca. coliforms, streptococci feca., Escherichia.coli a.d Clostridium perfringens respectively of 1712 × 105 CFU/100mL;82 × 105 CFU/100mL;10 × 105 CFU/100mL;27 × 105 a.d 40 × 103 CFU/100mL, a.l higher tha. WHO sta.da.ds, indica.e tha. the wa.erwa.s of Mba.komo a.e subject to fea.a. pollution a.d ha.bor pa.hogenic microflora. The cell densities of ma.n ba.teria.were significa.tly correla.ed with ma.n a.iotic pa.a.eters, such a. Escherichia.coli, which wa. significa.tly correla.ed with the pH of the wa.er (r = 0.35;p a.ia.ion of orga.ic pollution index ca.egory mea.s correspond to a.high level of orga.ic pollution during the sma.l ra.ny sea.on a.d a.high to modera.e level during the sma.l dry sea.on. The deteriora.ion of the qua.ity of these wa.ers is fa.ored by their proximity to sources of pollution (toilets, pla.ta.ion), the runoff of the wa.ers conta.ina.ed, the use of detergents a.d wrong ma.ntena.ce. These wa.ers without a.y trea.ment a.e not recommenda.le for huma. consumption a.cording to sta.da.ds of the World Hea.th Orga.iza.ion.

关键词： Ba.teriologica. Qua.ity Physicochemica. Pa.a.eters Surfa.e Wa.ers Orga.ic Pollution Index

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Effects of Industria. a.riculture a.d Urba.iza.ion on Structure a.d Functiona. Orga.iza.ion of Ma.roinvertebra.e of Coa.ta. Strea.s in Ca.eroon

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Journa. of Wa.er Resource a.d Protection（水资源与保护） 2021年第2期

作者： Fils Ma.ert Ona.a.a.toine arfao tamsa Siméon Tcha.onte Ernest Koji Necta.re Lié Nya.si Tcha.cho Ya.nick Nkouefuth Nfongmo Serge Hubet Zeba.e Togouet

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Ba.teriologica. a.d Physicochemica. Qua.ity of Groundwa.er of Mba.komo Municipa.ity(Center Region,Ca.eroon)

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Journa. of Environmenta. Science a.d Engineering(B) 2023年第3期12卷 115-127页

作者： Murielle Pa.ricia.Ma.ou Toka. a.toine tamsa arfao Fils Ma.ert Ona.a.Ernest Koji Va.elle Lontchi Segnou Yves Poutoum Yogne a.a.ou Ma.ouore Njoya.Ornel Ka.ji Tcha.tcha.a.ma.ou Fa.ima.ou Sylvie Chinche Belengfe Edith Brunelle Moua.o Ta.nou Moïse Nola Depa.tment of a.ima. Biology a.d Physiology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaDouala 24157Cameroon Hydrobiology a.d Environment La.ora.ory University of Yaounde 1Faculty of SciencesYaounde 812Cameroon La.ora.oire d’a.plica.ion et d’a.a.yses Médica.es Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Techniques de la Santéet du Management de GarouaBP.51 GarouaCameroun Depa.tment of a.ua.ic Ecosystems Ma.a.ement Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic SciencesUniversity of DoualaDoualaCameroon La.ora.ory S3MN2E Faculty of SciencesMohammed-V University RabatAv.Ibn-BattoutaRabatMorocco 8007.N.U.North Africa Depa.tment of Fisheries a.d a.ua.ic Resources Ma.a.ement Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BueaBuéa 63Cameroon

a.study to eva.ua.e the physico-chemica. a.d ba.teriologica. qua.ity of groundwa.er wa. ca.ried out in the commune of Mba.komo(Centre-Ca.eroon)a. 4 wells a.d 4 springs during the period from Ma.ch to *** physico-chemica. pa.a.eters were mea.ured by the sta.da.d *** ba.teria.of feca. conta.ina.ion,na.ely Ha.(Heterotrophic a.robic Ba.teria.,tota. a.d fa.ca. coliforms(Escherichia.coli),a.d fa.ca. streptococci were isola.ed by the surfa.e sprea.ing technique on PCa.Pla.e Count a.a.),Endo a.d BEa.Bile Esculin a.ide)a.a. respectively,a.d sulphite-reducing clostridia.by the incorpora.ion method on Tryptone Sulfite Cycloserine(TSC)*** a.physico-chemica. point of view,the groundwa.er in Mba.komo is cha.a.terized by a. a.era.e tempera.ure(24.24±0.24°C);it is polluted with orga.ic ma.ter,a.id a.d poorly *** wa. noted from a.ba.teriologica. point of view tha. these wa.ers ha.e a.high a.d va.ied ba.teria. loa. with a. a.era.e va.ue of 100.8 × 10^(5) CFU/100 mL for coliforms,16.3 × 10^(5) CFU/100 mL for feca. streptococci,5.6 × 10^(5) CFU/100 mL for Escherichia.coli a.d 4.8 ×10^(²)CFU/100 mL for Clostridium *** concentra.ions a.e a.l higher tha. the WHO(World Hea.th Orga.iza.ion)sta.da.ds which a.e set a. 0 CFU/100 mL for coliforms,feca. streptococci a.d Clostridium perfringens a.d indica.e feca. pollution of these *** coli cell densities were significa.tly correla.ed with dissolved oxygen in the wa.er(r=0.510;pa.a.ion of the qua.ity of these wa.ers is fa.ored by their proximity to pollution sources,poor ma.ntena.ce a.d poor protection of the *** wa.ers,without a.y trea.ment,a.e not recommended for huma. consumption a.cording to the sta.da.ds of the WHO.

关键词： Groundwa.er physico-chemica. qua.ity ba.teriologica. qua.ity.

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