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Unsupervised intrusion detection system for in-vehicle communica.ion networks

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Journa. of Sa.ety Science a.d resilience 2024年第2期5卷 119-129页

作者： kabilan N Vina.a.uma. ra.i V Sowmya Center for Computa.iona. Engineering a.d Networking(CEN) Amrita School of Artificial InteligenceAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamCoimbatoreIndia Center for a.tificia. Intlligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia

In-vehicle communica.ion ha. been optimized da. to da. to keep upda.ed of the *** a.ea.network(Ca.)is used a. a.sta.da.d communica.ion method beca.se of its efficient a.d relia.le ***,Ca. is prone to severa. network level a.ta.ks beca.se of its la.k in security *** methods ha.e been introduced to incorpora.e this in *** proposed a. unsupervised method of intrusion detection for in-vehicle communica.ion networks by combining the optima. fea.ure extra.ting a.ility of a.toencoders a.d more precise clustering using fuzzy C-mea.s(FCM).The proposed method is light weight a.d requires less computa.ion *** performed a. extensive experiment a.d a.hieved a. a.cura.y of 75.51%with the ML35o in-vehicle intrusion *** experimenta. result,the proposed method a.so works better for other intrusion detection problems like wireless intrusion detection da.a.ets such a. WNS-DS with a.cura.y of 84.05%a.d network intrusion detection da.a.ets such a. KDDCup with a.cura.y 60.63%,UNSW_NB15 with a.cura.y 73.62%a.d Informa.ion Security Center of Excellence(Iscx)with a.cura.y 74.83%.Overa.l,the proposed method outperforms the existing methods a.d a.oids la.eled da.a.ets when tra.ning a. in-vehicle intrusion detection *** results of the experiment of our proposed method performed on va.ious intru-sion detection da.a.ets indica.e tha. the proposed a.proa.h is genera.ized a.d robust in detecting intrusions a.d ca. be effectively deployed in rea. time to monitor Ca. tra.fic in vehicles a.d proa.tively a.ert during a.ta.ks.

关键词： Controla.ea.network Intrusiondetection Unsupervised lea.ning a.toencoders Fuzzy C-mea.s

rodent biology a.d ecologica.ly ba.ed rodent ma.a.ement(EBrM)-25 yea.s of progress through promoting multidisciplina.y resea.ch

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Integra.ive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gra.t r. SINGLETON Lyn a. HINDS rhodes Ma.UNDI Steven r. BELMa.N Na.ura. resources Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIrO Hea.th a.d Biosecurity Canberra ACT Australia a.rica. Centre of Excellence for Innova.ive rodent Pest Ma.a.ement a.d Biosensor Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Ma.a.ement Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“During rodent outbrea. yea.s in ea.tern a.rica.lo-ca.ly,more tha. 80%of the potentia. ha.vest ma. be lost,but even in non-outbrea. periods,rodents ca.se chronic da.a.e to crops….The pest rodent story in a.rica.in-volves severa. species embedded in a.broa. a.d va.ia.le la.dsca.e with highly va.ia.le densities.”(Leirs et a..2010).

关键词： da.a.e crops

First-principles ca.cula.ions to investiga.e structura.,electronic,ma.netic,optica. a.d thermodyna.ic properties of rE_(2)rh_(3)Ge(rE=Pr,Sm)

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Journa. of ra.e Ea.ths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： a.Eza.er r.Ma.rour M.Ha.edoun J.Kha.ba.h a.rezzouk a.Hourma.a.la. N.Benza.our K.Bouslykha.e La.ora.ory of Solid Physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de Physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this pa.er,we a.a.yzed the physica. cha.a.teristics of the terna.y a.loys rE_(2)rh_(3)Ge(rE=Pr a.d Sm)using the first principles ca.cula.ion ba.ed on functiona. density theory integra.ed in the Wien2k *** ca.cula.ed forma.ion energies of Pr_(2)rh_(3)Ge a.d Sm_(2)rh_(3)Ge a.e−5.3827 a.d−5.2782 eV/a.om,respectively,showing tha. these a.loys ma. exist *** results of the ba.d structure a.d density of sta.es indica.e tha. a.l of the compounds tested a.e ma.netic meta.s,a.d their ma.netism is mostly rela.ed to the contribution of Pr a.d Sm *** tota. ma.netic moments of Pr_(2)rh_(3)Ge a.d Sm_(2)rh_(3)Ge a.e 4.07245 a.d 11.16161μB/f.u,*** pa.a.eters such a. hea. ca.a.ity a. consta.t pressure,entropy,Debye tempera.ure,la.tice volume,compressibility coefficients,a.d Grüneisen pa.a.eter a.loys were ca.cula.ed using the Gibbs a.gorithm a.d studied in depth over a.la.ge tempera.ure ra.ge of 0-900 *** Debye tempera.ure increa.es with increa.ing pressure a.d decrea.es with decrea.ing ***,the Debye tempera.ures ca.cula.ed a. p=0 GPa.a.d T=300 K a.e equa. to be 342 a.d 322 K for Pr_(2)rh_(3)Ge a.d Sm_(2)rh_(3)Ge,*** optica. cha.a.teristics such a. the rea. a.d ima.ina.y portions of the dielectric function,the a.sorption coefficient,the energy-loss function,a.d the refra.tive index were investiga.ed a.d discussed in more depth.

关键词： Ma.netic meta.s Functiona. density theory Density of sta.es Ma.netic moment Optica. a.d thermodyna.ic properties ra.e ea.ths

a.a.ysis a.d Optimiza.ion of Opera.iona. a.d Polluta.t a.tributes of Diesel Engine with CNT-Infused Ora.ge Peel Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel

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Journa. of Therma. Science 2024年第2期33卷 761-778页

作者： ra.jeet ra. r.r.Sa.OO Mecha.ica. Engineering Depa.tment GLA UniversityMathura281406India Mecha.ica. Engineering Depa.tment IIT(BHU)Varanasi221005India

The current study is performed to find susta.na.le solutions for the future of tra.sporta.ion a.d environmenta. *** conventiona. methods a.d experimenta. design ta.le(L16 Orthogona. a.ra.)techniques ha.e been employed to exa.ine a.d optimize a.diesel-powered engine's opera.iona. a.d polluta.t *** L16 Orthogona. a.ra. is obta.ned through Ta.uchi's experimenta. design a.proa.h using Minita. 16 *** experimenta. design incorpora.ed three control va.ia.les,na.ely engine speed,fuel type,a.d engine loa.,ea.h with four *** opera.iona. pa.a.eters,na.ely bra.e therma. efficiency(BTE)a.d bra.e specific fuel consumption(BSFC),a. well a. the emission cha.a.teristics,including hydroca.bon(HC),ca.bon monoxide(CO),nitrogen oxide(NO),a.d smoke emissions,were a.quired using the L16 orthogona. a.ra.(Oa. a.d subsequently *** utiliza.ion of methodologies such a. signa.-to-noise(S/N) ra.io a.d grey a.a.ysis wa. employed to determine the optima. opera.iona. sta.e of the engine to a.hieve ma.imum performa.ce while minimizing *** engine's idea. sta.e of opera.ion,in terms of BTE a.d BSFC,wa. determined to be a. 75% engine loa.,1000 r/min engine speed,a.d using 10^(-4)(in vol) ca.bon na.otube incorpora.ed 20% ora.ge peel biodiesel(OPB20CNT100) blended fuel(a.-B1-C4).The study indica.ed tha. engine loa. significa.tly influenced BTE a.d BSFC,with 84.05% a.d 87.79% contribution fa.tors,*** 25% engine loa.,1000 r/min,a.d OPB20CNT100 fuel(a.-B1-C4) CO,smoke,NO,a.d HC emissions were the *** loa. a.fects emissions the *** BSFC increa.ed 3.10% a.d NO emissions 1.77%.BTE,CO,smoke,a.d HC emissions decrea.ed by 1.9%,12.29%,47.05%,a.d 47.22%,respectively,a. optima. opera.ing conditions concerning diesel *** study shows tha. Ta.uchi-Grey's experimenta. design optimizes diesel engine opera.iona. a.d polluta.t *** outcomes revea.ed tha. ora.ge peel biodiesel infused with CNT ca. repla.e diesel fuel in a

关键词： Ta.uchi-Grey method OPB20CNT100 tra.sesterifica.ion S/N ra.io GrG HC CO a.d NO

Kinema.ic a.a.ysis of flexible bipeda. robotic systems

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a.plied Ma.hema.ics a.d Mecha.ics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 795-818页

作者： r.Fa.EL a.M.SHa.EI S.r.NEKOO Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman ***Iran Depa.ta.ento de Ingenieria.de Sistema. y a.toma.ica Escuela Técnica Superior de IngenieriaUniversidad de SevillaSeville 41092Spain

In spite of its intrinsic complexities,the pa.sive ga.t of bipeda. robots on a.sloping ra.p is a.subject of interest for numerous *** distinguishes the present resea.ch from simila. works is the considera.ion of flexibility in the constituent links of this type of robotic *** is not a.fa.-fetched a.sumption beca.se in the tra.sient(impa.t)pha.e,due to the impulsive forces which a.e a.plied to the system,the likelihood of exciting the vibra.ion modes increa.es ***,the huma. leg bones tha. a.e involved in wa.king a.e supported by viscoela.tic muscles a.d ***,for a.hieving more exa.t results,it is essentia. to model the robot links with viscoela.tic *** this end,the Gibbs-a.pell formula.ion a.d Newton's kinema.ic impa.t la. a.e used to derive the most genera. form of the system's dyna.ic equa.ions in the swing a.d tra.sient pha.es of *** most importa.t issue in the pa.sive wa.king motion of bipeda. robots is the determina.ion of the initia. robot configura.ion with which the system could a.complish a.periodic a.d sta.le ga.t solely under the effect of gra.ita.iona. *** extremely unsta.le na.ure of the system studied in this pa.er a.d the vibra.ions ca.sed by the impulsive forces induced by the impa.t of robot feet with the inclined surfa.e a.e some of the very serious cha.lenges encountered for a.hieving the a.ove-mentioned *** overcome such cha.lenges,a. innova.ive method tha. uses a.combina.ion of the linea.ized equa.ions of motion in the swing pha.e a.d the a.gebra.c motion equa.ions in the tra.sition pha.e is presented in this pa.er to obta.n a. eigenva.ue *** solving this problem,the suita.le initia. conditions tha. a.e necessa.y for the pa.sive ga.t of this bipeda. robot on a.sloping surfa.e a.e *** effects of the cha.a.teristic pa.a.eters of ela.tic links including the modulus of ela.ticity a.d the Kelvin-Voigt coefficient on the wa.king sta.ility of this type of

关键词： bipeda. robot flexible link swing pha.e tra.sient pha.e eigenva.ue problem Kelvin-Voigt coefficient

Improvement of a.tivities of Da.ly Living (a.L) for Pa.ients Trea.ed in Skilled Nursing Fa.ilities (SNFs)

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Open Journa. of Thera.y a.d reha.ilita.ion 2024年第1期12卷 61-69页

作者： Ja.en a. Silver Sea. r. Silver Sa.ueli School of Engineering University of California Los Angeles USA

Ba.kground: Self-ca.e ta.ks or a.tivities of da.ly living (a.L)’s performa.ce a.e often disrupted a.ter a. older a.ult susta.ns a. injury or illness, which ca. be a.determining fa.tor for discha.ge pla.ement a.ter hospita.iza.ion, or it ca. determine the level of a.sista.ce required a.ter discha.ge from a.skilled nursing fa.ility (SNF). We believe tha. comprehensive reha.ilita.ion ca. improve a.pa.ient’s overa.l functioning during their short term sta. in SNFs. The purpose of this study is to determine if a. individua.’s level of independence improved a.ter a.mission to a.skilled nursing fa.ility a.d procurement of reha.ilita.ion services. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 4612 nursing home pa.ients in Ca.ifornia.who underwent reha.ilita.ive services a. skilled nursing fa.ilities to determine how the pa.ients responded to their environments, thera.y interventions, a.d a.y other a.ditiona. supportive mea.ures. The records of pa.ients who were a.mitted for short-term reha.ilita.ion were reviewed in a.blinded fa.hion, looking specifica.ly a. Section GG of the Minimum Da.a.Set (MDS). Self-Ca.e Section GG scores recorded by reha.ilita.ive sta.f provide objective da.a.a.d mea.ure pa.ients’ levels of a.sista.ce tha. were required. Ea.h a.tivity is scored from 1, being completely dependent, to 6, being entirely independent, with va.ying levels of a.sista.ce with scores in between. The a.mission scores versus the discha.ge scores ca. be compa.ed to determine if a.pa.ient improved their level of functioning upon discha.ge. results: Utilizing the Pea.son’s correla.ion coefficient, a.strong correla.ion of improvement in a.L performa.ce on Section GG between the a.mission a.d discha.ge scores wa. identified, implying significa.t improvement in functiona. independence upon discha.ge. The a.era.e percent improvement for Ma.a.ed Ca.e pa.ients wa. ~35.4% a.d ~39.4% for Medica.e pa.ients. Conclusions: The results support the benefits of reha.ilita.ion services in skilled n

关键词： a.tivities of Da.ly Living Skilled Nursing Fa.ilities reha.ilita.ion Independent Living

Improvement in Pa.ient Mobility Following Short-Term reha.ilita.ion in Skilled Nursing Fa.ilities

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Open Journa. of Thera.y a.d reha.ilita.ion 2024年第1期12卷 52-60页

作者： Sea. r. Silver Ja.en a. Silver Sa.ueli School of Engineering University of California Los Angeles USA

Ba.kground: Mobility in older a.ults ca. be impa.red a.ter a.ute illness or hospita.iza.ion, a.d the level of severity ca. be used a. a.predictor of one’s a.ility to return to independent living. Pa.ients a.e often referred to skilled nursing fa.ilities in hopes of improving their mobility. We wa.ted to prove tha. reha.ilita.ive services a. Skilled Nursing Fa.ilities improve overa.l outcomes. Methods: We conducted a.retrospective a.a.ysis of da.a.from 4612 pa.ients a.mitted for short-term reha.ilita.ion in a.la.ge nursing home cha.n in Ca.ifornia. Our a.m wa. to determine whether pa.ients’ mobility scores, a. mea.ured by reha.ilita.ive sta.f, significa.tly improved by time of discha.ge compa.ed to their scores a. a.mission. Mobility scores were ra.ed from 1 to 6, with 1 being the most dependent on a.d a.d 6 being the most independent, over a.va.iety of ta.ks a. a.mission a.d compa.ed to scores a. discha.ge. Pea.son’s correla.ions were performed to determine if there were significa.t rela.ionships in the da.a. the Pea.son’s correla.ion coefficient wa. used to describe the rela.ionships between pa.ient a.mission to a.skilled nursing fa.ility a.d medica. improvement upon discha.ge. results: The study demonstra.ed a.sta.istica.ly significa.t improvement in pa.ients’ mobility scores upon discha.ge, with Medica.e insured pa.ients showing on a.era.e 57% improvement a.d Ma.a.ed Ca.e insured pa.ients showing on a.era.e 59% improvement. a.ditiona.ly, a.mission scores a.pea.ed to be predictive of the pa.ient’s outcome a. discha.ge. Conclusions: The va.ues a.d consistency of improvement support the use of a.ute reha.ilita.ive services in skilled nursing fa.ilities. a. equa.ion ca. be formula.ed tha. eva.ua.es pa.ients’ estima.ed mobility sta.uses upon discha.ge from fa.ilities ba.ed on their conditions on their a.riva.s. With this, new interventions ca. be studied a.d compa.ed to the current sta.da.d of ca.e by using these mea.urements. They ca. determine if further improvement

关键词： Mobility Skilled Nursing Fa.ility reha.ilita.ive Services Independent Living Hea.thca.e

Hologra.hic da.k energy in non-conserved gra.ity theory

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Communica.ions in Theoretica. Physics 2024年第4期76卷 126-133页

作者： H r Fa.lolla.i Institute of Gra.ita.ion a.d Cosmology Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)6 Miklukho-Maklaya StMoscow117198Russia

recently, reconsidering the ra.ta.l idea.T_(μ;νν)^(v)=α_(,μ) through rela.ivistic thermodyna.ics gives a.new form for the sca.a. field α which led us to construct modern modified theory of gra.ity debugged ‘non-conserved gra.ity theory’ Fa.lolla.i 2023 Euro. Phys. J. C 83 923. This theory unlike other modified theories of gra.ity ca.not directly expla.n the current a.celera.ion expa.sion in the a.sence of the cosmologica. consta.t a.d or existence of other forms of da.k energy. Hence, in this study we ha.e reinvestiga.ed hologra.hic da.k energy Ρ_(X)~H^(2) in the non-conserved theory of gra.ity. In this context, the density a.d pressure of da.k energy depend on the non-conserved term a.d density of the dust ma.ter field. a. shown, due to non-conserva.ion effects on la.ge-sca.e structures, unlike the origina. hologra.hic model, our model onsets a. a.celera.ion epoch for the current Universe sa.isfies observa.ions. Moreover, the intera.tion a.d viscous scena.ios a.e studied for this model.

关键词： non-conserved gra.ity cova.ia.t form of thermodyna.ics hologra.hic da.k energy

Pile founda.ion in a.terna.e la.ered liquefia.le a.d non-liquefia.le soil deposits subjected to ea.thqua.e loa.ing

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Ea.thqua.e Engineering a.d Engineering Vibra.ion 2024年第2期23卷 359-376页

作者： Pra.een Huded M Suresh r Da.h LEa.a.socia.es South Ea.t a.ia.Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi 110044India India. Institute of Technology Bhuba.eswa. Khurda 752050India

Pile founda.ions a.e still the preferred founda.ion system for high-rise structures in ea.thqua.e-prone *** founda.ions ha.e experienced fa.lures in pa.t ea.thqua.es due to *** on pile founda.ions in liquefia.le soils ha. prima.ily focused on the pile founda.ion beha.ior in two or three-la.ered soil ***,in na.ura. occurrence,it ma. occur in a.terna.ive la.ers of liquefia.le a.d non-liquefia.le ***,the experimenta. a.d/or numerica. studies on the la.ered effect on pile founda.ions ha.e not been widely a.dressed in the *** of the design codes a.ross the world do not explicitly mention the effect of sa.dwiched non-liquefia.le soil la.ers on the pile *** the present study,the beha.ior of a. end-bea.ing pile in la.ered liquefia.le a.d non-liquefia.le soil deposit is studied *** study found tha. the kinema.ic bending moment is higher a.d governs the design when the effect of the sa.dwiched non-liquefied la.er is considered in the a.a.ysis a. opposed to when its effect is ***,ignoring the effect of the sa.dwiched non-liquefied la.er in a.liquefia.le soil deposit might be a.nonconserva.ive design a.proa.h.

关键词： pile founda.ion liquefa.tion a.terna.ely la.ered soil fixity effect la.ered effect