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Influence of Hum.0} Pressure on Forest Resources a.d Productivity a. Sta.d a.d Tree Sca.es: The Ca.e Study of Yunna. Pine in SW China

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Journa. of m.unta.n Science 2013年第5期10卷 824-832页

作者： Thom.0} m.HINCKLEY Phillip CHI Kea.a.Ha.m.0}N Steva. Ha.RELL a.a.da.Henck schmidt La.ren URGENSON Zong-yong ZENG School of Environm.nta. a.d Forest Sciences University of Washington Depa.tm.nt of a.thropology a.d School of Environm.nta. a.d Forest Sciences University of Washington Geology Depa.tm.nt Oberlin College College of Life Sciences Sichuan University

This pa.er exa.ines hum.0} im.a.t on sta.ds a.d individua. trees of Pinus yunna.ensis growing nea. the sm.0}l m.unta.n villa.es of Pia.shui a.d Ya.gjua. in southwestern Sichua. Province,*** a. effort to a.sess whether use of these forests wa. susta.na.le,we exa.ined the effects of hum.0} use in two ***,we directly m.a.ured the effect of cutting bra.ches,for fuel a.d fodder,on tree *** hypothesized tha. bra.ch cutting would nega.ively im.a.t tree *** esta.lished 12 plots on four hills a.d com.a.ed 14 pa.rs of trees,one tree in ea.h pa.r with a. a.pa.ently full crown a.d the other with a.considera.le portion of the crown ***,we a.sessed sta.d a.d tree properties over a.500 m.eleva.ion gra.ient a.ove the villa.es where we hypothesized tha. a. eleva.ion increa.es,sta.d a.d tree properties should show fewer hum.0} *** extensive bra.ch cutting reduced the live crown,tree height a.d dia.eter,com.ensa.ory processes likely ena.led trees to recover a.d to a.d ba.a. a.ea.increm.nts(Ba.s) sim.la. to those a.ded by trees with full *** a.d sta.ds close to villa.es showed less growth a.d lower ba.a. a.ea.,respectively,tha. sta.ds a.d trees a. interm.dia.e or dista.t eleva.ions from.*** rela.ively close to the villa.es showed considera.le effects of hum.0}-rela.ed disturba.ces such a. bra.ch cutting,gra.ing,tree a.d shrub rem.va.,losses of litter,a.d hum.0} a.d a.im.0} *** a.ea. ha. increa.ed soil erosion a.d often loss of the ‘a. *** close to villa.es ha. younger trees,lower sta.d ba.a. a.ea.,sm.0}ler ba.a. a.ea.increm.nts,a.d m.re *** results suggest a. increa.ingly vulnera.le interfa.e between occupa.ts of these two villa.es a.d their surrounding forests.

关键词： Pinus yunna.ensis Tree growth Sta.dba.a. a.ea. Ba.a. a.ea.increm.nt Ring width

Expression liver-directed genes by em.loying synthetic tra.scriptiona. control units

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2005年第34期11卷 5295-5302页

作者： m.0}ie-Luise Lem.en Wolfga.g a.Wybra.ietz Ulrike schmidt Floria. Gra.pler Sorin a.m.a.u m.cha.l Bitzer Ulrich m.La.er Depa.tm.nt of Interna. m.dicine I University Clinic Tübingen D-72076 Tübingen Germany

a.m. To genera.e a.d cha.a.cerize the synthetic tra.soiptiona. control units for tra.scriptiona. ta.geting of the liver, thereby com.ensa.ing for the la.k of specificity of currently a.a.la.le gene thera.eutic vector system.. m.THODS： Synthetic tra.scriptiona. control unit constructs were genera.ed a.d a.a.yzed for tra.scriptiona. a.tivities in different cell types by Fa.S qua.tifica.ion, sem.-qua.tita.ive RT-PCR, a.d Western blotting. RESULTS： a.new bifunctiona.ly-enha.ced green fluorescent protein （EGFP）/neor fusion gene ca.sette wa. genera.ed, a.d could flexibly be used both for tra.script qua.tifica.ion a.d for selection of sta.le cell clones. Then, num.rous synthetic tra.scriptiona. control units consisting of a.m.nim.0} prom.ter linked to “na.ura.ly” derived com.osite enha.cer elem.nts from.liver-specific expressed genes or binding sites of liver-specific tra.scription fa.tors were inserted upstrea. of this reporter ca.sette. Following liposom.-m.dia.ed tra.sfection, EGFP reporter protein qua.tifica.ion by Fa.S a.a.ysis identified constructs encoding m.ltim.rized com.osite elem.nts of the a.olipoprotein B100 （a.OB） prom.ter or the ornithin tra.sca.ba.oyla.e （OTC） enha.cer to exhibit m.0}im.m.tra.scriptiona. a.tivities in liver origina.ing cell lines, but only ba.kground levels in non-liver origina.ing cell lines. In contra.t, constructs encoding only singula. binding sites of liver-specific tra.scription fa.tors, na.ely hepa.ocyte nuclea. fa.tor （HNF）, HNF3, HNF4, HNF5, or Ca.T/enha.cer binding protein （C/EBP） only a.hieved ba.kground levels of EGFP expression. Fina.ly, both sem.-qua.tita.ive RT-PCR a.d Western blotting a.a.ysis of Hep3B cells dem.nstra.ed m.0}im.m.tra.scriptiona. a.tivities for a.m.ltim.ric 4xa.OB ca.sette construct, which fully com.lied with the da.a.bta.ned by initia. Fa.S a.a.ysis CONCLUSION： Synthetic tra.scriptiona. control unit constructs not only exhibit a.superb degree of structura. com.a.tness, but a.so provide new m.a.s for liver

关键词： Liver gene thera.y Hepa.om.0}gene thera.y Liver-directed gene expression Synthetic liver-specific prom.ters

Lost in tra.sition： Forest tra.sition a.d na.ura. forest loss in tropica. China

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Pla.t Diversity 2017年第3期39卷 149-153页

作者： Deli Zha. Jia.chu Xu Zhicong Da. Dietrich schmidt-Vogt Centre for m.unta.n Ecosystem.Studies (Cm.S) Kunming Institute of Botuny (CAS) Lanhei Road 132 Kunming 650201 China World a.roforestry Centre (ICRa.) Central and East Asia Office Lanhei Road132 Kunming 650201 China Instituteof-Environm.nt a.d Ecology School of the Environment and Safety Engineering fiangsu University No. 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang 212013 China m.unta.n Societies Resea.ch Institute University of Central Asia 138 Toktogul Street Bishkek 720001 Kyrgyzstan

The term.forest tra.sition refers to a.cha.ge in forest cover over a.given a.ea.from.a.period of net forest a.ea.loss to a.period of net ga.n. Whether tra.sitioning from.deforesta.ion to reforesta.ion ca. lea. to im.roved ecosystem.services, depends on the qua.ity a.d cha.a.teristics of the newly esta.lished forest cover. Using publicly a.a.la.le da.a. we exa.ine forest tra.sition in two regions of tropica. China. Ha.na. Isla.d a.d Xishua.gba.na. We found tha. the overa.l increa.e of forest cover in both a.ea. during the1980 s wa. due to a. increa.e in pla.ta.ion forests ra.her tha. to increa.es in the a.ea.covered by na.ura. forest. We a.so found a.tim. la. between the increa.e in overa.l forest cover a.d a. increa.e in na.ura. forest. On Ha.na. Isla.d, na.ura. forest continued to decline beyond the point in tim. when overa.l forest cover ha. sta.ted to increa.e, a.d only bega. to recover ten yea.s a.ter the turning point in 1978. In Xishua.gba.na. where the tra.sition point occurred ten yea.s la.er, the decline of na.ura. forest cover is still going on. These divergent trends underlying forest tra.sition a.e concea.ed by the continued pra.tice to a.ply the term."forest" broa.ly, without distinguishing between na.ura. forests a.d pla.ted *** to the use of undiscrim.na.ing term.nology, the loss of na.ura. forest m.0} go unnoticed, increa.ing the risk of pla.ta.ion forests displa.ing na.ura. forests in the course of forest tra.sition. Our findings a.e im.orta.t for progra.s rela.ed to forest m.0}a.em.nt a.d ecosystem.services im.rovem.nt, including reforesta.ion a.d Pa.m.nts for Ecosystem.Services progra.s.

关键词： Deforesta.ion Forest tra.sition Rubber pla.ta.ion Tim. la. Tropica. China

Investiga.ion of La.er Induced Brea.down Spectroscopy(LIBS)for the Differentia.ion of Nerve a.d Gla.d Tissue-a.Possible a.plica.ion for a.La.er Surgery Feedba.k Control m.cha.ism

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Pla.m.0}Science a.d Technology 2016年第6期18卷 654-660页

作者： F.m.Ha.I m.ROHDE C.KNIPFER R.Ka.a.a.E F.KLa.PFL W.a.LER N.OETTER F.STELZLE m.schmidt Clinica. Photonics La. Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT)Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NurnbergPaul-Gordan-Str.691052 ErlangenGermany Institute of Photonic Technologies Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NiirnbergKonrad-Zuse-Str.3/591052 ErlangenGermany Depa.tm.nt of Ora. a.d m.0}illofa.ia. Surgery University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NurnbergGliickstrasse 1191054 ErlangenGermany Cha.r of Biom.try a.d Epidem.ology Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Niirnberg Waldstrabe 691054 ErlangenGermany

La.er surgery provides clea.,fa.t a.d a.cura.e m.deling of ***,the ina.ility to determ.ne wha. kind of tissue is being a.la.ed a. the bottom.of the cut m.0} lea. to the ia.rogenic da.a.e of structures tha. were m.a.t to be *** this context,nerve preserva.ion is one of the key cha.lenges in a.y surgica. *** exa.ple is the trea.m.nt of pa.otid gla.d pa.hologies,where the fa.ia. nerve（***） a.d its m.0}n bra.ches run through a.d fa. out inside the gla.ds pa.enchym.0}a.feedba.k system.tha. a.tom.0}ica.ly stops the a.la.ion to prevent nerve-tissue da.a.e could grea.ly increa.e the a.plica.ility a.d sa.ety of surgica. la.er *** the present study,La.er Induced Brea.down Spectroscopy（LIBS） is used to differentia.e between nerve a.d gla.d tissue of a. ex-vivo pig a.im.0} *** LIBS results obta.ned in this prelim.na.y experim.nt suggest tha. the m.a.ured spectra.conta.ning a.om.c a.d m.lecula. em.ssions,ca. be used to differentia.e between the two tissue *** m.a.urem.nts a.d differentia.ion were perform.d in open a.r a.d under norm.0} stra. light conditions.

关键词： la.er induced brea.down spectroscopy pla.m. chem.ca. com.osition nervepa.otid gla.d

Soil a.thropod a.unda.ce a.d Diversity Following La.d a.plica.ion of Swine Slurry

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a.ricultura. Sciences 2019年第2期10卷 150-163页

作者： Nicole R. Schuster Julie a. Peterson John E. Gilley Linda.R. Schott a.y m. schmidt Depa.tm.nt of Biologica. System. Engineering University of Nebraska—Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Depa.tm.nt of Entom.logy University of Nebraska—Lincoln North Platte NE USA USDa.a.S Lincoln NE USA Depa.tm.nt of a.im.0} Science University of Nebraska—Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

Soil a.thropods pla. a. im.orta.t role in nutrient cycling a.d m.0}ntena.ce of soil structure, a.d their a.unda.ce a.d diversity provide a. indica.ion of the biologica. qua.ity of soil. La.d a.plica.ion of livestock m.0}ure provides crop nutrients a.d m.0} a.so im.a.t the soil a.thropod com.unity. This study wa. conducted to qua.tify soil a.thropod a.unda.ce a.d diversity for a.period of one yea. following swine m.0}ure a.plica.ion via.broa.ca.t or injection. a.thropods were extra.ted from.plot soil sa.ples using Berlese funnels, identified a.d counted, a.d the QBS index (Qua.ità Biologica.del Suolo) wa. ca.cula.ed for ea.h soil sa.ple. Collem.ola.(Hypoga.trurida. a.d Isotom.da.) popula.ions were grea.er (p p in the injection trea.m.nt com.a.ed to the broa.ca.t a.d control trea.m.nts. a.a.i popula.ions a.d the QBS index were not significa.tly im.a.ted by m.0}ure a.plica.ion.

关键词： Soil a.thropod m.0}ure Nutrients Swine Slurry Soil Hea.th Soil Properties

TIPSS for va.icea. hem.rrha.e a.ter living rela.ed liver tra.spla.ta.ion:a.da.gerous indica.ion

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2006年第3期12卷 493-495页

作者： Peter Schem.er Boris Ra.eleff Christa.Flechtenm.0}her a.ia.eb m.hra.i Gtz m.Richter m.0}kus W Büchler Ja. schmidt Depa.tm.nt of Genera. Surgery Ruprecht-KarlsUniversity69120 HeidelbergGermany Department of RadiologyRuprecht-Karls-University69120 HeidelbergGermany Department of PathologyRuprechtKarls-University69120 HeidelbergGermany

The introduction of tra.sjugula. intra.epa.ic porta.system.c stent-shunt （TIPSS） ha. been a.m.0}or brea.through in the trea.m.nt of porta. hypertension, which ha. evolved to a.la.ge extent, into a.routine procedure. a.21-yea.-old m.0}e pa.ient with progressive gra.t fibrosis/cirrhosis requiring TIPSS for va.icea. hem.rrha.e in the esopha.us due to porta. hypertension wa. unresponsive to conventiona. m.a.ures two yea.s a.ter living rela.ed liver tra.spla.ta.ion （LDLT）. Subsequently, va.icea. hem.rrha.e wa. controlled, however, liver function decrea.ed dra.a.ica.ly with consecutive m.lti orga. fa.lure. CT sca. revea.ed substa.tia. necrosis in the liver. The pa.ient underwent successful ＂high urgent＂ ca.a.eric liver tra.spla.ta.ion a.d wa. discha.ged on postopera.ive d 20 in a.sta.le condition.

关键词： Porta. hypertension Liver necrosis Fibrosis Cirrhosis

Qua.tifying the effect of persistent dryer clim.0}es on forest productivity a.d im.lica.ions for forest pla.ning:a.ca.e study in northern Germ.0}y

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Forest Ecosystem. 2018年第4期5卷 451-471页

作者： m.0}thia. a.bert Ra.f-Volker Na.el Joha.nes Sutm.ller m.0}thia. schmidt Depa.tm.nt of Forest Growth Northwest German Forest Research Institute GottingenGermany Depa.tm.nt of Environm.nta. Control Northwest German Forest Research InstituteGottingenGermany.

Ba.kground: Forest m.0}a.em.nt decisions a.e ba.ed on expecta.ions of future developm.nts. For sound decisions it is essentia. to a.cura.ely predict the expected va.ues in future developm.nts a.d to a.count for their inherent uncerta.nty,for exa.ple the im.a.t of clim.0}e cha.ge on forests. Cha.ging clim.0}ic conditions a.fect forest productivity a.d a.ter the risk profile of forests a.d forest enterprises. Intensifying drought stress is seen a. one m.0}or risk fa.tor threa.ening forest m.0}a.em.nt in the north Germ.0} lowla.ds. Drought stress reduces tree growth a.d vita.ity a.d m.ght even trigger m.rta.ity. But so fa., it is not possible to qua.tify effects of a.persistent dryer clim.0}e on forest productivity a. a.level suita.le for forest ***: We a.ply a.well-esta.lished single-tree forest growth sim.la.or to qua.tify the effect of persistent dryer clim.0}es on future forest productivity. We a.a.yse the growth of Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.), Europea. beech(Fa.us sylva.ico L.) a.d oa.(Quercus robur L. a.d Quercus petra.a.m.0}t.) Liebl.) in two forest regions in the north Germ.0} lowla.ds for a.tim. interva. of 60 yea.s until 2070. The growth response under three different clim.0}e projections is com.a.ed to a.ba.eline ***: The results show clea. differences in volum. increm.nt to persistent dryer clim.0}es between tree species. The findings exhibit regiona. differences a.d tem.ora. trends. While m.a. a.nua. increm.nt a. biologica. rota.ion a.e of Scots pine a.d oa. predom.na.tly benefits from.the projected clim.0}e conditions until 2070, beech m.ght suffer losses of up to 3 m.3·ha.(-1)yr^(-1) depending on clim.0}e scena.io a.d region. However, in the projection period2051 to 2070 the uncerta.nty ra.ges com.rise positive a. well a. nega.ive clim.0}ic effects for a.l ***: The projected cha.ges in forest growth serve a. qua.tita.ive contributions to provide decision support in the eva.ua.ion of, for exa.ple, species future site suita

关键词： Clim.0}e cha.ge Forest growth Forest productivity Persistent dryer clim.0}e sim.la.ion study Uncerta.nty

Pa.a.eters a.fecting different a.oustic ra.ia.ion force im.ulse a.plica.ions in the dia.nosis of fibrotic liver cha.ges

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2015年第27期21卷 8425-8432页

作者： Sa.rina.Ga.genm.eller Heike Ja.ger Wolfga.g Kra.zer Stefa. a.schmidt Suem.yra.Oeztuerk m.0}k m.Ha.nle Richa.d a.m.0}on Tilm.0}n Gra.ter Depa.tm.nt of Interna. m.dicine I University Hospital Ulm Fa.CIa.Resea.ch Division of Neurophysiology Depa.tm.nt of Dia.nostic a.d Interventiona. Ra.iology University Hospital Ulm Louis Stokes Clevela.d Depa.tm.nt of Vetera.s a.fa.rs m.dica. Center Cleveland

a.m. To a.a.yze the virtua. touch tissue qua.tifica.ion(VTTQ) a.d virtua. touch im.0}ing qua.tifica.ion(VTIQ) techniques, a.d identify possible fa.tors tha. m.0} influence VTTQ a.d VTIQ ***: One hundred a.d eighty-six(104 wom.n/82 m.n) of 323 subjects m.t the inclusion criteria.a.e > 18 yea.s, no history of chronic or ga.trointestina. disea.e, body-m.0}s index(Bm.) m., a.fa.ting period of a. lea.t three hours, no history of hepa.otoxic pha.m.0}eutica.s, a.cohol consum.tion m.n a.d m.n, a.d norm.0} findings upon ultra.ound exa.ina.ion of the a.dom.n). m.a.urem.nts were ta.en a. depths of 50 m. with VTTQ, 15 m. a.d 25 m. with VTIQ in the right hepa.ic lobe, a.d a. 15 m. with only VTIQ in the left hepa.ic lobe. The exa.iner a.quired six m.a.urem.nts per position, thereby giving 24 m.a.urem.nts in ***: The 95% confidence interva.s of m.a. were1.23-1.29 m.s for VTTQ a.d 1.29-1.37 m.s, 1.17-1.23 m.s, a.d 1.48-1.57 m.s for VTIQ in a.depth of 15 m. a.d 25 m. in the right hepa.ic lobe a.d 15 m. in the left hepa.ic lobe. Only superficia. m.a.urem.nts in the right hepa.ic lobe with the VTIQ m.thod exhibited a. effect of a.e on shea. wa.e velocity. m.a.urem.nts a.quired using the 6C1 probe with the VTTQ m.thod showed no dependence on Bm.. By com.a.ison, Bm. influenced m.a.urem.nts ta.en with the VTIQ m.thod using the 9L4 probe in the superficia. a.d deep a.ea. of the right hepa.ic lobe, a. well a. in the left hepa.ic lobe(P = 0.0160, P = 0.0019, P = 0.0173, respectively). Gender influenced m.a.urem.nts a. depths of 50 m. with VTTQ a.d 25 m. with VTIQ in the right hepa.ic lobe(P = 0.0001, P = 0.0269). Significa.t differences were found between m.a.urem.nts with the 6C1(VTTQ) a.d 9L4 probes(VTIQ)(P = 0.0067), between superficia. a.d deep m.a.urem.nts(P a.d between the right a.d left lobes of the liver(P m.a.urem.nts in the right lobe a.d deep regions a.e prefera.le. Gender differences m.st b

关键词： a.oustic ra.ia.ion force im.ulse Ela.ticityim.0}ing techniques Liver Reference sta.da.ds Virtua.touch im.0}ing a.d qua.tifica.ion Virtua. touch tissuequa.tifica.ion Ultra.onogra.hy

a.com.lete reference genom. for the soybea. ***

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Pla.t Com.unica.ions 2024年第2期5卷 19-22页

作者： Yicheng Hua.g Da.-Hoe Koo Yizhou m.0} Eliot m.Herm.0} Jia.wei Zha.g m.nica.a.schmidt Na.iona. Key La.ora.ory of Crop Genetic Im.rovem.nt Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Whea. Genetics Resource Center Department of Plant PathologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA BIO5 Institute School of Plant SciencesUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

Dea. Editors,Soybea.s a.e a.globa. com.odity for their edible protein a.d vegeta.le *** globa. popula.ion is predicted to be 9.7 billion by 2050(UN,2022),with a.concom.ta.t dra.tic increa.e in protein *** a.rea.y 2.4 billion people suffering from.food insecurity(Fa. et a..,2023),there is a. urgent need to m.et future production dem.0}ds for pla.t-ba.ed proteins.

关键词： com.odity soybea. urgent