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Sterile signa.s genera.e wea.er a.d dela.ed ma.ropha.e NLRP3 infla.ma.ome responses rela.ive to microbia. signa.s

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Cellula. & Molecula. Immunology 2017年第1期14卷 118-126页

作者： Jelena.S Bezbra.ica.Rebecca.C Coll kate Schroder Institute for Molecula. Bioscience (IMB) IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre The University of Queensland Brisbane St Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia

Infla.ma.ion is the host response to microbia. infection or sterile injury tha. a.ms to elimina.e the insult, repa.r the tissue a.d restore homeosta.is. Ma.ropha.es a.d the NLRP3 infla.ma.ome a.e key sentinels for both types of insult. a.though it is well esta.lished tha. the NLRP3 infla.ma.ome is a.tiva.ed by microbia. products a.d molecules relea.ed during sterile injury, it is unclea. whether the responses elicited by these different types of signa.s a.e distinct. In this study, we used lipopolysa.cha.ide a.d tumor necrosis fa.tor a. prototypica. microbia. a.d sterile signa. 1 stimuli, respectively, to prime the NLRP3 infla.ma.ome. We then used the ba.teria. toxin nigericin a.d a.common product relea.ed from necrotic cells, a.P, a. prototypica. microbia. a.d sterile signa. 2 stimuli, respectively, to trigger the a.sembly of the NLRP3 infla.ma.ome complex in mouse a.d huma. ma.ropha.es. We found tha. NLRP3 infla.ma.ome responses were wea.est when both signa. 1 a.d signa. 2 were sterile, but responses were fa.ter a.d stronger when a. lea.t one of the two signa.s wa. microbia.. Ultima.ely, the most ra.id a.d potent responses were elicited when both signa.s were microbia.. Together, these da.a.suggest tha. microbia. versus sterile signa.s a.e distinct, both kinetica.ly a.d in ma.nitude, in their a.ility to genera.e infla.ma.ome-dependent responses. This hiera.chy of NLRP3 responses to sterile versus microbia. stimuli likely reflects the urgent need for the immune system to respond ra.idly to the presence of infection to ha.t pa.hogen dissemina.ion.

关键词： infla.ma.ome NLRP3 sterile infla.ma.ion TNF

Utiliza.ion of residua. fa.ty a.ids in ma.ter orga.ic non-glycerol from a.soy biodiesel pla.t in fila.ents used for 3D printing

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生物质资源与工程(英文) 2023年第3期8卷 215-223页

作者： Sreesha.Ma.a.il a.hira.Na.r Surendra. Kuna. kate Ja.a.na.h Sa.ya.olu Conn Center for Renewa.le Energy Resea.ch University of LouisvilleLouisville 40292KYUSA Ma.eria.s Innova.ion Guild Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville 40292KYUSA

Ma.ter orga.ic non-glycerol(MONG)is a.considera.le wa.te output(20%−25%of crude glyc-erol)typica.ly la.dfilled by soy biodiesel *** this work,soy MONG wa. cha.a.terized for potentia. use a. a.copolymer to produce fila.ents for 3D printing with a. intent to a.d va.ue a.d redirect it from *** a.copolymer,MONG wa. eva.ua.ed to reduce the synthetic polymer content of the na.ura. fiber composites(NFC).Even though the genera. therma. beha.ior of the MONG wa. compa.ed to tha. of a.thermopla.tic polymer in composite a.plica.ions,it is depen-dent on the composition of the MONG,which is a.va.ia.le depending on pla.t discha.ge *** order to improve the therma. sta.ility of MONG,we eva.ua.ed two pretrea.ments(a.id a.d a.id+peroxide).The a.id+peroxide pretrea.ment resulted in a.sta.ilized pa.te with decrea.ed soa. content,increa.ed crysta.linity,low molecula. weight sma.l cha.n fa.ty a.ids,a.d a.sta.ble blend a. a.copolymer with a.thermopla.tic *** trea.ment increa.ed formic a.id(17.53%)in MONG,a.ong with hydrogen peroxide,led to epoxida.ion exhibited by the increa.ed concentra.ion of oxira.e(5.6%)eva.ua.ing trea.ed MONG a. a.copolymer in polymer processing a.d 3D printing.

关键词： Ma.ter orga.ic non-glycerol Soy biodiesel wa.te Polymer composite Epoxida.ion Soa. splitting Fa.ty a.id

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偏见从何而来?

环球科学 2024年第11期 16-17页

作者：凯特·格雷厄姆-肖施怪(翻译) 不详

人类大脑倾向于偏心。很多心理学研究已充分显示了这种偏见的存在,例如“光环效应”(ha.o effect):当我们欣赏某些人的一项特质时,我们更容易积极地看待他们身上的其他特质,即便这些特质之间没有关联。另外,大脑还有“亲和力偏见”,即... 详细信息

人类大脑倾向于偏心。很多心理学研究已充分显示了这种偏见的存在,例如“光环效应”(ha.o effect):当我们欣赏某些人的一项特质时,我们更容易积极地看待他们身上的其他特质,即便这些特质之间没有关联。另外,大脑还有“亲和力偏见”,即我们会更容易被和我们有相似背景或性格的人吸引。

关键词：光环效应人类大脑亲和力心理学研究相似背景偏见特质

Pa.demics of People a.d Pla.ts: Which Is the Grea.er Threa. to Food Security?

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Molecula. Pla.t 2020年第7期13卷 933-934页

作者： Sylvia.He kate M.Crea.ey Kra.ner Grow More Founda.ion New YorkNYUSA

a. the world is gripped by the Corona.irus Disea.e 2019(COVID-19)pa.demic,pla.t epidemics a.e sprea.ing silently,a.fecting crop yields a.d the globa. *** ha.e been dra.n between the COVID-19 pa.demic a.d the ongoing plight of pla.t *** 7.4 million people ha.e been infected by Severe a.ute Respira.ory Syndrome Corona.irus 2(Sa.S-CoV-2).

关键词： a.ute infected demic

a. Unmitiga.ed Disa.ter: Shifting from Response a.d Recovery to Mitiga.ion for a. Insura.le Future

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Disa.ter Risk Science 2019年第2期10卷 179-192页

作者： Eliza.de Vet Christine Eriksen kate Booth Sha.n French a.stra.ia. Centre for Culture EnvironmentSociety andSpace(ACCESS)School of Geography and SustainableCommunitiesFaculty of Social SciencesUniversity ofWollongongWollongong NSW2522Australia Geogra.hy a.d Spa.ia. Science University of TasmaniaHobart TAS7001Australia School of Geogra.hy Faculty of Social SciencesUniversityof NottinghamNottingham NG72RDEngland

a.stra.ia. households a.e increa.ingly vulnera.le to na.ura. ha.a.d-rela.ed disa.ters. To ma.a.e disa.ter risk, government commissioned inquiries ha.e ca.led for grea.er investment in mitiga.ion. This a.ticle critica.ly exa.ines the ca.l for a.shift in funding priority towa.ds pre-disa.ter mitiga.ion mea.ures, in the context of growing concerns a.ound the a.ility of households to a.cess a.d a.ford insura.ce. It exa.ines mitiga.ion mea.ures in the context of three prominent a.stra.ia. disa.ters: the Bla.k Sa.urda. bushfires(Victoria. 2009), the Queensla.d floods(2010–2011), a.d Cyclone Ya.i(Queensla.d, 2011). We a.gue tha. a. a.mode of disa.ter security, mitiga.ion opera.es a. a.complex a.sembla.e of logics a.d pra.tices of protection, prepa.edness, a.d resilience, which problema.izes simplistic protection/resilience bina.ies. On the one ha.d, mitiga.ion serves a. a.mode of protection, which underscores the domina.t ma.a.a.tive ra.iona.ity of insura.ce. It promises a.collective solution to uninsura.ility tha. is limited by government fisca. constra.nts a.d growing employment of risk-reflective insura.ce *** the other ha.d, there is evidence of a. emergent ra.iona.ity of household insura.ce a. a.pa.h to resilience a.d prepa.edness—for exa.ple, in the development of insura.ce systems tha. price household retrofitting technologies a.d in the development of policyholder educa.ion ca.pa.gns. This resilience ra.iona.ity holds the promise of securing individua.s previously excluded from ***, for householders la.king the necessa.y physica.,cognitive, a.d fina.cia. ca.a.ities to ma.e themselves a.d their properties resilient, the tra.sition to a.pre-disa.ter mitiga.ion mode of security will likely do little to a.levia.e disa.va.ta.e a.d ma.gina.iza.ion.

关键词： a.stra.ia Disa.ter mitiga.ion Household insura.ce Household ma.gina.iza.ion Household resilience Na.ura. ha.a.ds

Fa.tors tha. modula.e olfa.tory dysfunction

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Neura. Regenera.ion Resea.ch 2018年第7期13卷 1151-1155页

作者： kate Beecher Ja.es a.St John Fa.emeh Chehreha.a School of Biomedica. Science Queensland University of Technology Institute of Hea.th a.d Biomedica. Innova.ion Queensland University of Technology Clem Jones Centre for Neurobiology a.d Stem Cell Resea.ch Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith University Menzies Hea.th Institute Queensla.d Griffith University

The olfa.tory system is one of a.few a.ea. in the nervous system which is ca.a.le of regenera.ion throughout the *** sensory neurons reside in the na.a. ca.ity a.e continuously replenished with new neurons a.ising from stem *** fa.tors such a. a.ing,neurodegenera.ive disea.es,hea. tra.ma.bra.n tumor extra.tion a.d infection ca.se olfa.tory dysfunction which significa.tly influences physica. wellbeing,qua.ity of life,menta. hea.th,nutritiona. sta.us,memory processes,identifying da.ger a.d is a.socia.ed with increa.ed ***,finding a.trea.ment to improve olfa.tory dysfunction is *** resea.ch efforts in the field ha.e shown some very promising new a.proa.hes to trea. olfa.tory *** review explores the current studies tha. ha.e a.dressed thera.eutic a.proa.hes to improve olfa.tory neuron regenera.ion ba.ed on cell tra.spla.ta.ion thera.y,modula.ion of physiologica. olfa.tory dysfunction a.d drug trea.ments.

关键词： olfa.tory neuron regenera.ion a.osmia.loss of smell degenera.ion bulbectomy enshea.hing cells growth fa.tor epithelium receptor

Crop a.riculture: Necessa.ytra.ts for cultiva.ion

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Molecula. Pla.t 2023年第12期16卷 1875-1877页

作者： Stua.t Ka.la. kate M.Crea.ey Kra.ner Grow More Founda.ion New YorkNYUSA

Huma.s hunted a.d ga.hered na.ive pla.ts a.d a.ima.s for thousa.ds of yea.s,eventua.ly lea.ning how to cultiva.e a.d exploit to feed *** cultiva.ion a.d a.ima. husba.dry form the ba.is of modern civiliza.ion ba.ed on the conversion of sola. energy directly into pla.t products a.d a.ima. tissue a.d products *** a.ms to ma.imize photosynthesis by crops to produce desira.le products a.d a.so minimize the impa.t of competing weed species,ma.imize the efficient use of wa.er a.d soil fertility,a.d reduce losses in crop production due to disea.e a.d insect *** ha. required the domestica.ion of pla.ts tha. huma.s ca. exploit systema.ica.ly to produce food,feed,fodder,a.d ***,this ha. been a.hieved in few species a.a.ted by selection over thousa.ds of *** Opinion pa.er,a. a.result of discussions between a.pla.t geneticist a.d pla.t breeder,a.ms to remind the community tha. the purpose of a.riculture is to ma.imize yield per unit la.d a.ea.

关键词： husba.dry eventua.ly crops

Is China.up to the Test? a.Review of Theories a.d Priorities for Educa.ion Investment for a.Modern China

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China.& World Economy 2013年第4期21卷 56-78页

作者： kate Gla.ebrook Liga.g Song Kennedy School of Government Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA Cra.ford School of Public Policy Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia

This pa.er reviews the key theories rela.ing to the role of educa.ion in economic development a.d socia. cha.ge a.d how educa.ion, a. a.critica. component of tota. fa.tor productivity, contributes to susta.ned economic growth. It exa.ines how China.＂s educa.ion policy reflects the country＇s unique dua. economy. Focusing on the post-reform period, the pa.er contends tha. while progress ha. been ma.e, there a.e risks to China.s future growth prospects from fa.ling to rea. the benefits of sound educa.ion policy. It a.gues tha. if the Chinese educa.ion system is to continue to be a.driver of ra.her tha. a.dra.n on economic growth, a.d if China.is to successfully ma.a.e its tra.sition towa.ds more inclusive, susta.na.le a.d equita.le growth, reforms will be needed to improve the qua.ity of educa.ion a. a.l levels a.d to crea.e a. environment in which China.s extensive huma. ca.ita. is duly recognized a.d respected. Crucia.ly, the educa.ion system should be tra.sformed to ensure it promotes a.comprehensive ra.ge of huma. ca.a.ilities, including those tha. go beyond the pa.t huma.s pla. in a.gmenting production possibilities.

关键词： educa.ion system huma. ca.ita. technica. cha.ge tota. fa.tor productivity

On governa.ce in the long-term vegeta.ion process: How to discover the rules?

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Frontiers in Biology 2009年第4期4卷 557-568页

作者： La.zlo ORLOCI kate S.HE Depa.ta.ento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRS91540-000Brazil Depa.tment of Biologica. Sciences Murray State UniversityMurrayKY 42071USA

Ecologica. pra.tice is telling us tha. to identify Na.ure’s rules,we should look for regula.ities in the resulting *** rules a.e involved a.d the effects a.e ma.ifested by compositiona.,functiona.,a.d structura. *** pa.er’s focus is on two conjectures rega.ding the governa.ce of specific tra.sition compo-nents,the first supposedly under globa. co-ordina.ion,a.d the second under superimposed site specific insta.ility *** rea.ity of a.y a.pa.ent regula.ity in these is the sole condition for the regula.ity’s a.cepta.ce a. a.*** is testa.le but in retrospect only,ba.ed on time series *** long pollen spectra.supply the evidence,the time period involved is mea.ured in thousa.ds of *** ma.ima. usefulness,a.spectrum should ha.e a.long period length,da.ed horizons intensely sa.pled a. short time steps,a.d precisely identified *** length a.d time step width ma.ter beca.se both ma. ha.e a.ma.king effect on the *** is,of course,a.na.ura. limit for period length,which is set by the a.e of the pollen bea.ing *** completed the a.a.ysis of 23 spectra.using techniques deemed suita.le for testing the *** spectra.origina.ed from sites in the a.erica. where we found suita.le spectra.in sufficient numbers a.d in geogra.hic contiguity from the a.ctic region to the *** presented results ha.e clea. indica.ions tha. the two conjectures identify rea. *** ma.n body of the pa.er na.ra.es the a.a.yses a.d provides *** ma.eria.s,too voluminous for inclusion in the pa.er,a.e ma.e a.a.la.le on the Internet a. URL:*** linking to“a.pen-dices Ta..

关键词： governa.ce long-term process vegeta.ion rules