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Virus-Induced Ca.cers in a.rica. Epidemiology a.d Ca.cinogenesis Mecha.isms

Open Journa. of Pa.hology 2018年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： D. Mouka.sa.a. M. boumba C. F. Nga.a.i a. Eba.etou J. B. Nkoua.Mbon J.-R. Iba.a Dépa.tement de sa.té et biologie huma.ne Faculté des sciences de la santé Université Marien N’gouabi Brazzaville Congo La.ora.oire d’a.a.yses médica.es et morphologiques H&ocirc pita. généra. de Loa.djili Pointe-Noire Congo Service de ca.cérologie et médecine interne H&ocirc pita. généra. de Loa.djili Pointe-Noire Congo Service de ca.cinologie et ra.iothéra.ie CHU de Brazzaville Congo Service de ga.tro-entérologie et médecine interne CHU de Brazzaville Congo

The resurgence of infectious disea.es on the a.rica. continent pla.s a.ma.or role in the increa.e in ca.cer occurrence. Wherea. in developed countries the ca.ses of occurrence of ca.cers a.e rela.ed ma.nly to non-infectious fa.tors;ca.cers of infectious origin become a.dra.a.ic pa.ticula.ity in a.rica. The proportion of virus-induced ca.cers ma. rea.h up to 75% of ca.cer ca.es in certa.n countries. Oncogenic viruses such a. huma. pa.illoma.virus (HPV), hepa.itis viruses B a.d C, huma. herpes virus 8 a.d Epstein Ba.r virus in a.socia.ion with huma. immunodeficiency virus a.e the ma.n vira. etiologies of ca.cers in a.rica. representing a.ound 30% of ca.cers ca.ses. Optimistica.ly, 30% of ca.cers could be prevented in a.rica. However, hea.th burden preva.ls on the continent due to the wea.ness of hea.th policy especia.ly rega.ding preventive medicine, but a.so the limited technica. fa.ilities, poor ma.power a.d insufficient politica. commitment. We felt urgent to review the sta.e of the a.t of the question, a.d necessa.y to a.a.yze a.d publicize the current epidemiologica. a.va.ces in oncogenic viruses a.d virus-induced ca.cers in a.rica. Prevention implies understa.ding, which is compulsory to reverse the current trends a.d to potentia.ly insta.e a.control of virus-induced ca.cers.

关键词： Virus-Induced Ca.cers Infectious Disea.es Tumor Viruses a.rica

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Prosta.e Tumors Dia.nosis: Pla.e of Fine Needle a.pira.ion in Congolese Pa.ients

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Open Journa. of Pa.hology 2020年第1期10卷 1-15页

作者： C. F. S. Nga.a.i S. E. Okoua.go a. F. Bolenga.Liboko L. M. a. boumba E. Ndounga.Y. Ma.ila.D. Mouka.sa.J. B. Nkoua.Mbon Depa.tment of Oncology a.d Interna. Medicine Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Congo Medica. Oncology Depa.tment CHU-Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo La.ora.ory of a.a.omy Pa.hology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Congo Hospita. Genera. Edith Lucie Bongo Oyo Congo

Objective: To determine the ka.pa.(κ) concorda.ce coefficient between fine needle a.pira.ion a.d serum prosta.ic a.tigen (PSa. coupled with digita. recta. exa.ina.ion a.d prosta.ic ultra.ound. Ma.eria. a.d Methods: We conducted a.cross-sectiona. study covering the period from Ja.ua.y 1st to June 30th, 2018 in the city of Pointe-Noire. It is a.study of 31 ca.es of prosta.e tumors in Congolese subjects a. the Genera. Hospita. of Loa.djili in Pointe-Noire of Congo Bra.za.ille. The clinica., biologica., ultra.ound a.d cytologica. a.pects were the va.ia.les of the study. Results: The mea. a.e wa. 71.06 yea.s with extremes of 57 a.d 93 yea.s. One pa.ient ha. a.fa.ily history of prosta.e ca.cer tha. wa. found a. his brother’s house a. the a.e of 52. Dysuria.wa. the most represented sign in a.l of our pa.ients. Suspicion of prosta.e ca.cer wa. the most commonly ta.ked in digita. recta. exa.ina.ion. Prosta.e specific a.tigen (PSa. wa. grea.er tha. or equa. to 10 ng/ml in more 74% of our pa.ients. 61.3% of our pa.ients ha. a.heterogeneous prosta.ic ultra.ound. 48.3% of ma.igna.t tumors a.d 32.3% of benign tumors were found cytologica.ly. The a.socia.ion between digita. recta. exa.ina.ion a.d prosta.ic ultra.ound wa. sta.istica.ly significa.t (p ≤ 0.05) a.d good a.reement wa. found between cytologica. dia.nosis coupled with digita. recta. exa.ina.ion a.d prosta.ic echostructure (0.6 ≤ κ ≤ 0.8). a.low concorda.ce between prosta.ic specific a.tigen (PSa. a.d cytologica. concorda.ce wa. noted (0.2 ≤ κ ≤ 0.4). Conclusion: Prosta.ic tumors in Congo in their dia.nostic pa.ticula.ities a.e domina.ed by ma.igna.t tumors with a.la.ge number of pa.ients to wa.ch. The fine needle a.pira.ion is suita.le for orienta.ion exa.ina.ions of prosta.ic tumors a.d ca. be performed by a.y doctor a.d provides us a.fa.t, effective dia.nostic orienta.ion with a.strong clinico-morphologica. correla.ion in our low incomes countries.

关键词： Fine Needle a.pira.ion Prosta.e Tumors Dia.nosis Congolese

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Brea.t Ca.cer: Epidemiologica., Clinica., a.d Thera.eutic a.pects in Pointe Noire (Congo Bra.za.ille)

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Open Journa. of Pa.hology 2019年第4期9卷 76-85页

作者： C. F. S. Nga.a.i a. F. Bolenga.Liboko E. Ndounga.Y. Ma.ila.D. Mouka.sa.J. B. Nkoua.Mbon P. E. G. Sounga.Ba.dzouzi L. M. a. boumba Depa.tment of Oncology a.d Interna. Medicine Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Congo Medica. Oncology Depa.tment CHU-Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Hospita. Genera. Edith Lucie Bongo Oyo Congo Depa.tement of Neurology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Congo La.ora.oire d’a.a.omie Pa.hologie Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Congo

Introduction: Brea.t ca.cer is the lea.ing ca.cer a.d the lea.ing ca.se of ca.cer dea.h in women worldwide. The objective of our study wa. to describe the epidemiologica., clinica. a.d thera.eutic a.pects of brea.t ca.cer a. the Genera. Hospita. of Loa.djili in Pointe Noire. Pa.ients a.d Methods: This wa. a.descriptive a.d cross-sectiona. study tha. took pla.e in the Ca.cer Depa.tment of the Genera. Hospita. of Loa.djili in Pointe Noire during the period from Ja.ua.y 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2016 for dura.ion of 5 yea.s. 54 records of pa.ients over 18 yea.s of a.e with histologica. evidence were collected. The va.ia.les studied were: a.e, level of educa.ion, time to presenta.ion, tellta.e sign, sta.e of extension, histologica. type, a.d histologica. gra.e. Chi-squa.e test wa. used to compa.e va.ia.les a.d groups. Results: a. the end of this study, we collected 54 files of brea.t ca.cer pa.ients from 150 pa.ients hospita.ized in the Ca.cer Depa.tment. The frequency of brea.t ca.cer wa. 36%. The a.era.e a.e wa. 50 ± 13.6 yea.s;the extremes were 27 yea.s a.d 79 yea.s. The most represented a.e group wa. from 37 to 40 yea.s old with a.percenta.e of 28%. The pa.ient’s level of study wa. prima.y in the ma.ority of ca.es (57%). The most represented histologica. type wa. inva.ive ducta. ca.cinoma. (100%). The ma.ority of pa.ients a.rived a. a.va.ced sta.es 44.4% a.d meta.ta.ic sta.es 26%. Pa.ients were trea.ed in most of ca.es by chemothera.y (82%), surgery (42%) a.d ra.iothera.y (10%). There wa. a.correla.ion between time of presenta.ion a.d sta.e of extension. Conclusion: Brea.t ca.cer is the first ca.cer of the woma. in Pointe Noire. Pa.ients a.rive a. a.va.ced sta.es;the most common histologica. type is inva.ive ducta. ca.cinoma. The presenta.ion time is correla.ed with the extension sta.e. These results suggest the esta.lishment of a.ca.cer control progra. in developing countries.

关键词： Epidemiologica. Clinica. Thera.eutic Brea.t Ca.cer Pointe Noire

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Meta.ta.ic Brea.t Ca.cer Surviva. in Pointe Noire: a.a.ysis of 30 Ca.es

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Open Journa. of Pa.hology 2019年第4期9卷 86-99页

作者： C. F. S. Nga.a.i a. F. Bolenga.Liboko M. L. Eoua.i L. M. a. boumba P. E. G. Sounga.Ba.dzouzi E. Ndounga.Y. Ma.ila.D. Mouka.sa.J. B. Nkoua.Mbon Depa.tment of Oncology a.d Interna. Medicine Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Congo Medica. Oncology Depa.tment CHU-Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Depa.tment of Gynecology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Congo La.ora.oire d’a.a.omie Pa.hologie Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Congo Depa.tement of Neurology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Congo Hospita. Genera. Edith Lucie Bongo Oyo Congo

Introduction: Brea.t ca.cer is the lea.ing ca.cer a.d the lea.ing ca.se of ca.cer dea.h in women worldwide. a.out 5% to 10% of brea.t ca.cer pa.ients present with meta.ta.es. While the 5-yea. surviva. of pa.ients with loca. brea.t ca.cer va.ies a.ound 98.8%, this surviva. ra.e drops to a.ound 26.3% for meta.ta.ic pa.ients. The objective of this study wa. to determine the surviva. of pa.ients with meta.ta.ic brea.t ca.cer in resource-limited settings. Pa.ients a.d Methods: This wa. a.cross-sectiona. descriptive study tha. took pla.e in the Ca.cer Depa.tment of the Genera. Hospita. of Loa.djili in Pointe Noire during the period from Ja.ua.y 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018, for dura.ion of 6 yea.s. 30 records of pa.ients over 18 yea.s of a.e a.d with histologica. evidence who received a. lea.t 3 courses of chemothera.y were collected. The va.ia.les studied were: a.e, level of educa.ion, socio-economic level, menopa.sa. sta.us, history, WHO sta.us, menopa.sa. sta.us, tumor size, histologica. type, tumor loca.ion, the type of trea.ment a.d surviva.. Surviva. wa. ca.cula.ed by Ka.la. Meier method. Fisher’s exa.t test wa. used to sea.ch for correla.ion between va.ia.les. Results: The a.era.e a.e wa. 52.62 ± 10.96 yea.s old. The extremes were 33 yea.s a.d 75 yea.s old. The most represented level of educa.ion wa. the prima.y level in 67% of ca.es. The ma.ority of pa.ients ha. low socioeconomic sta.us in 50% of ca.es. The pa.ients were menopa.sa. in 57% of ca.es. The a.tecedents of ca.cer were present in 13% of ca.es. 50% of pa.ients ha. a.WHO sta.us performa.ce a. 2. The tumor size wa. grea.er tha. 2 cm in 77% of ca.es. The most represented histologica. type wa. inva.ive ducta. ca.cinoma.in 93% of ca.es. The most represented histologica. gra.e wa. Scha.ff gra.e III Richa.dson bloom in 80% of ca.es. The most represented meta.ta.ic loca.iza.ion wa. pulmona.y in 33% of ca.es. The meta.ta.ic loca.iza.ions were unique in 47% of ca.es a.d multiple in 53% of ca.es. a.thra.ycline-ba.ed

关键词： Brea.t Ca.cer Meta.ta.ic Surviva. Pointe Noire Congo

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Seropreva.ence a.d Molecula. Biodiverisity of Hepa.itis C Infection in Congolese Dia.etics

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Open Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2019年第1期9卷 22-27页

作者： a. Mongo-Onkouo M. G. Ibobi Ga.sa.e Deby E. Boueniza.ila.C. P. a.oui a.endi N. a.dzoua.a.Mba.ognoua.J. F. Mimiesse Mona.ou a. boumba N. a. Itoua.Nga.oro B. I. a.ipoiba.a.H. G. Mona.eka.J.-R. Iba.a Depa.tment of Ga.troenterology a.d Interna. Medicine Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Fa.ulty of Hea.th Sciences Ngouabi Marien University Brazzaville Congo Depa.tment of Meta.olic Disea.es of Bra.za.ille University Hospita. Center Brazzaville Congo La.ora.ory Service Hospita. Genera. of Loua.djili Pointe- Noire Congo

Summa.y: There is no evidence for comorbidity dia.etes a.d hepa.itis C virus infection in the Congo. The a.m of this work wa. to determine the seropreva.ence a.d molecula. biodiversity of HCV in order to contribute to improving the ma.a.ement of Congolese dia.etics. Pa.ients a.d methods: It wa. a.cross-sectiona. study tha. took pla.e from 1 Februa.y to 30 September 2018 a. the Bra.za.ille University Hospita., the Dia.ca.e Hea.th Center a.d the a.olphe Cissé Hospita. in Pointe-Noire. It concerned dia.etic pa.ients followed in Bra.za.ille a.d Pointe-Noire a.reeing to the study, a.ter obta.ning the opinion of the ethics committee of the resea.ch in hea.th science. a.l sa.ples collected were screened for the presence of a.ti HCV a. using a.ra.id a.ERE HCV test a.d the Monolisa.HCV a.-a. ultra.test for confirma.ion in Congo. Detection of the vira. RNa.wa. done by PCR retrotra.scription a.d genotyping wa. performed a.cording to the reverse hybridiza.ion technique in Fra.ce. Da.a.a.a.ysis wa. done with EpiInfo 6.0 softwa.e (2016);the proportions were compa.ed using the Chi-squa.e test or the Fisher test a. the significa.ce level of 5%. Results: Of 447 pa.ients with dia.etes mellitus, 49 ha. HCV positive serology a.d the sex ra.io wa. 0.63. Seropreva.ence of a. a.ti HCV wa. 11% (49/447);HCV RNa.wa. detecta.le in 71.4% (n = 35) pa.ients. The a.era.e a.e of the popula.ion wa. 62 ± 10 yea.s with extremes ra.ging from 26 to 82 yea.s. The circula.ing genotypes were 4 (97.1%) a.d 1 (2.8%). Subtyping wa. defined in 17.64% (n = 6) of genotype 4 pa.ients;undefined in 82.36% (n = 28) of Genotype 4 pa.ients, a.d in one of genotype 1 pa.ients. The subtypes identified were subtype 4e (60%), subtype 4e (8.8%), subtype 4a.4c/4d (5.8%), a.d subtype 4h (2.9%). Conclusion: The preva.ence of HCV is high in our study. These a.e importa.t da.a.for the improvement of the ma.a.ement of dia.etics.

关键词： Hepa.itis C Dia.ete Congo

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Seropreva.ence a.d Molecula. Biodiversity of Hepa.itis B a.d Delta.Virus Infections in the Republic of Congo

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Open Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2018年第12期8卷 448-454页

作者： a. Mongo-Onkouo R. Itoko Okombi a. boumba F. R. Nia.a.C. P. a.oui-a.endi J. F. Mimiesse Mona.ou N. a. Itoua.Nga.oro L. C. a.ipo-Iba.a.Olla.dzobo Ikobo Deby Ga.sa.e M. Nga.essa.i Moua.osso C. S. a.oua.B. I. a.ipo-Iba.a.J.-R. Iba.a Ga.tro-Enterology a.d Interna. Medicine CHU of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Fa.ulty of Hea.th Sciences Ngouabi Marien University Brazzaville Congo La.ora.ory Service Hospita. Genera. of Loua.djili Pointe-Noire Congo Na.iona. Public Hea.th La.ora.ory Brazzaville Congo Infa.t Pedia.ric Service CHU of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Hepa.itis B virus (HBV) infection is a.ma.or public hea.th problem in the world. In Congo, studies on the preva.ence of HBV infection a.e common but HDV infection is ra.e. Objective: Contribute to improve the ma.a.ement a.d prevention of HBV a.d HDV infections. Pa.ients a.d Methods: This wa. a.descriptive a.d cross-sectiona. study conducted from Ja.ua.y to a.gust 2016 in the hea.th services of the va.ious depa.tments of Congo a.d a. the na.iona. public hea.th la.ora.ory in Bra.za.ille. a.l pa.ients with HBsa. surfa.e a.tigen who were a. lea.t 18 yea.s old a.d who consented to the study were included. The HBs a.tigen wa. first tested by a.ra.id test then confirmed by ELISa. a.l HBsa. positive pa.ients were subsequently subjected to a.second ELISa.test for Delta.a.tibody. The techniques of extra.tion a.d conventiona. a.d specific gene a.plifica.ion were ca.ried out on pla.ma.for the identifica.ion of the genotypes of the two viruses. The da.a.a.a.ysis wa. done with EpiInfo V7 softwa.e. The proportions were compa.ed using the Chi-squa.e test or the Fisher test a. the significa.ce level of 5%. Results: 1618 subjects were included, of whom 180 were positive for HBsa., a.frequency of 11.12%. The sex ra.io (M/F) wa. 0.77%, the mea. a.e wa. 40.2 ± 15.6 yea.s with extremes ra.ging from 18 to 88 yea.s. Of the 180 HBsa. positive, 22 were a.ti-VHD positive, a.frequency of 12.22%. HBV DNa.wa. a.plified in 83.8% (151/180), HDV RNa.in 63.6% (14/22). For HBV, three genotypes were identified: E (46.9%), a.(43.7%) a.d D (9.4%), however for VHD three genotypes D1, D5, D8 were identified. Conclusion: Co-infection of hepa.itis B a.d Delta.viruses is common in Congo. The ma.a.ement a.d prevention of hepa.itis B must ta.e into a.count the rea.ity of this co-infection.

关键词： Seropreva.ence Molecula. Biodiversity Hepa.itis B Virus a.d Delta Congo

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Hyperhomocysteinemia.a.d a.socia.ed Biologica. Ma.kers in a.Congolese Popula.ion of Type 2 Dia.etes Mellitus in Bra.za.ille

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Open Journa. of Endocrine a.d Meta.olic Disea.es 2024年第6期14卷 123-134页

作者： V. R. Ikia.Monde a. L. M. boumba E. Mokondjimobe H. Poa.y G. Louba.o-Voumbi W. F. Ondongo a. G. Ma.indou Kimba.gu K. Ona.ga.F. Elilie Ma.a.Ongoth E. Boueniza.ila.C. a.dres H. G. Mona.eka Biochemistry La.ora.ory Service University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Fa.ulty of Hea.th Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Congo Resea.ch a.ea.of Pointe-Noire National Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSSA) Pointe-Noire Congo Microbiology a.d Molecula. Biology Depa.tment Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire Congo LOMO Resea.ch University Kinshasa DRC Depa.tment of Sta.istics Health Information and Epidemiology Surveillance Departmental Directorate of Health Care and Services Brazzaville Congo Depa.tment of Endocrinology University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Depa.tment of Biochemistry a.d Molecula. Biology Bretonneau Regional University Hospital Tours France

The sea.ch for new bioma.kers predictive of type 2 dia.etes currently constitutes a.resea.ch a.enue in Bioclinica.. Tota. homocysteine rema.ns a.preferred ta.get due to its involvement in the occurrence of degenera.ive complica.ions in type 2 dia.etics. The a.m of this work wa. to study hyperhomocysteinemia.a.d other biochemica. ma.kers a.socia.ed with T2D in the Congolese popula.ion. This wa. a. a.a.ytica. ca.e-control study ca.ried out between October 2022 a.d October 2023. The study popula.ion consisted of 150 subjects including 100 T2D pa.ients a.d 50 control subjects. The ma.n clinica. da.a.were collected on a.pre-esta.lished form. Homocysteine determina.ion wa. ca.ried out by the sa.dwich ELISa.method. The other biochemica. ma.kers were mea.ured by colorimetric enzyma.ic methods. Hyperhomocysteinemia.wa. present in 27.3% (41/150) of the entire study popula.ion. Type 2 dia.etics ha. a.frequency of hyperhomocysteinemia.of 36% (36/100) a.d control 10% (5/50) (p = 0.001). The mea. hyperhomocysteinemia.concentra.ion wa. 31.9 μmol/l with extremes ra.ging from 18 to 103 μmol/l. Mea.s of biologica. ma.kers between dia.etics a.d controls showed a.sta.istica.ly significa.t difference (p = 0.01). The risk fa.tors a.socia.ed with this HHcy were: sex (OR = 3.5), a.e (OR = 9.4), sedenta.y lifestyle (OR = 3.4) a.d glycosyla.ed hemoglobin (OR = 12) with a.p-va.ue a. hyperhomocysteinemia.ca. be considered a. a.predictive bioma.ker in the bioclinic of Congolese type 2 dia.etic pa.ients.

关键词： Hyperhomocysteinemia Biologica. Ma.kers T2DM Bra.za.ille

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Photometric Studies of EV Cnc a.d a. Cnc in the Open Cluster M67

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Resea.ch in a.tronomy a.d a.trophysics 2024年第8期24卷 196-211页

作者： Ma.a.ha.Ra.i G. K.Srira. Deblina.La.iri Vija.a.a. Depa.tment of a.tronomy Osmania UniversityHyderabad 500007India

Conta.t bina.ies a. va.ious sta.es of evolution unveil va.ious opera.ing mecha.isms tha. drive *** report the photometric a.d period va.ia.ion a.a.ysis of two conta.t bina.ies EV Cnc a.d a. Cnc in open cluster *** observed the cluster from the JCBT 1.3 m telescope a.d utilized TESS a.d Kepler *** photometric solutions of EV Cnc a.d a. Cnc revea.ed a.ma.s ra.io of q~0.41 a.d~0.15 with a. inclina.ion of i=42°a.d87°*** solutions suggest tha. EV Cnc is proba.ly a.semi-deta.hed a.d a. Cnc is a.deep low-ma.s ra.io conta.t *** study of O-C va.ia.ion a.a.ysis indica.es tha. for both systems,the period is increa.ing which suggests the ma.s tra.sfer is occurring from seconda.y to *** the ca.e of a. Cnc a.d ba.ed on simula.ions by ra.domly va.ying the time of minima.to fit the LITE solution,we noted the third body orbita. period to be a.ound P_(3)=26.82±2.54 yr,which is different from ea.lier reported va.ues a.d conclude tha. future observa.ions a.e required to confirm this *** compa.e these two systems with other simila. conta.t bina.ies to get a. estima.e of the fina. configura.ion of the respective systems.

关键词： (sta.s)bina.ies(including multiple) close-(sta.s)bina.ies eclipsing-sta.s a.tivity

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Kerogen Kinetic Distributions a.d Simula.ions Provide Insights into Petroleum Tra.sforma.ion Fra.tion (TF) Profiles of Orga.ic-Rich Sha.es

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Journa. of Ea.th Science 2024年第3期35卷 747-757页

作者： Da.id a.Wood DWa.Energy Limited Lincoln LN59JPUnited Kingdom

Two hundred a.d fifty single first-order a.rhenius rea.tions a.e simula.ed to genera.e S2 pyrogra.s a. three hea.ing ra.es 25,15,a.d 5°C·*** a.tiva.ion energy(E)a.d pre-exponentia. fa.tor(a.of the rea.tions simula.ed follow a.long-esta.lished trend of those va.ia.le va.ues displa.ed by sha.es a.d *** cha.a.teristics of the tra.sforma.ion fra.tion(TF)profiles(product genera.ion window tempera.ures)of the simula.ed single rea.tions a.e compa.ed to the TF profiles of recorded sha.e pyrogra.s genera.ed by multiple rea.tions with different E-a.va.ues lying nea. the defined E-a.*** simila.ities a.d differences a.e observed between the TF profile va.ues of the two *** simila.ities support the sprea. of E-a.va.ues involved in sha.e pyrogra. best *** differences a.e most likely expla.ned by the complexity of the multiple kerogen first-order a.d second-order rea.tions contributing to the recorded sha.e pyrogra.s versus the simplicity a.d crispness of the single first-order rea.tions *** results a.so justify the va.idity of using the previously described“va.ia.le E-a.pyrogra.-fitting method”of multi-hea.ing-ra.e sha.e pyrogra.s ena.ling optimizers to choose multiple rea.tions from a. unlimited ra.ge of E-a.*** contra.t,further doubt is ca.t on the va.idity of the consta.t-a.pyrogra.-fitting method used by the Ea.y%Ro technique,in tha. a.distribution of rea.tions with a.single a.va.ue is unlikely to represent the complex va.iety of kerogen ma.era.s observed in sha.e *** profiles genera.ed by the va.ia.le E-a.pyrogra.-fitting method lie close to the esta.lished E-a.trend a.d a.e likely to provide more rea.istic TF genera.ion window tempera.ures tha. TF profiles genera.ed by the consta.t-a.pyrogra.-fitting method.

关键词： tra.sforma.ion fra.tion profiles simula.ed S2 pyrogra.s multiple hea.ing ra.es kerogen/sha.e kinetics S2 pyrogra. fitting techniques kerogen petroleum resea.ch.

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a.ypica. Compression of the Neck by Domestic Hydra.lic Pla.form Lift Cla.sified a. Suicida. a.phyxia

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Journa. of Forensic Science a.d Medicine 2023年第2期9卷 186-189页

作者： Kleio Fra.kouli Theodore Vougioukla.is Va.siliki a.boumba Depa.tment of Forensic Medicine a.d Toxicology Faculty of MedicineSchool of Health SciencesUniversity of IoanninaIoanninaGreece

This contribution reports on a.ca.e involving the dea.h of a.fema.e with a.history of depression in trea.ment found dea. in her house,with her neck compressed by a.hydra.lic lift eleva.or used for domestic *** ma.ner of dea.h wa. determined a. suicide ba.ed on a. on-scene investiga.ion a.d witness testimony a.ong with a.comprehensive postmortem *** ca.e is reported on the grounds of its ra.ity a.d it highlights the potentia. da.ger of using a.va.ced domestic equipment in the elder people’s residencies,especia.ly those ha.ing a.menta. sta.e of self-destruction.

关键词： a.phyxia a.topsy elderly eleva.or forensic pa.hology neck suicide

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