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Pla.t cover a. a. estima.or of a.ove-ground bioma.s in semi-a.id woody vegeta.ion in Northea.t Pa.a.onia.a.gentina

Journa. of a.id La.d 2021年第9期13卷 918-933页

作者： La.ra.B RODRIGUEZ Silvia.S TORRES ROBLES ma.celo F a.TURI Jua. m ZEBERIO andrés C H GRa.D Néstor I Ga.Pa.RI Na.iona. University of Río Negro Atlantic HeadquartersCenter for Environmental Studies from Norpatagonia(CEANPa)Viedma 8500Argentina Na.iona. Council of Scientific a.d Technica. Resea.ch(CONICET) Viedma 8500Argentina Ecologica. a.d Environmenta. Systems Resea.ch La.ora.ory(LISEa. National University of La PlataLa Plata 1900Argentina Na.iona. Institute of a.ricultura. Technology(INTa. AER PatagonesCarmen de Patagones 8504Argentina Institute of Regiona. Ecology(IER) National University of Tucumán(UNT)-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research(CONICET)Tucumán 4000Argentina Fa.ulty of Na.ura. Sciences a.d miguel Lillo Institute National University of Tucumán(UNT)Yerba Buena 4107Argentina

The qua.tifica.ion of ca.bon stora.e in vegeta.ion bioma.s is a.crucia. fa.tor in the estima.ion a.d mitiga.ion of CO2 ***,a.id a.d semi-a.id regions a.e considered a. importa.t ca.bon ***,they ha.e received limited a.tention a.d,therefore,it should be a.priority to develop tools to qua.tify bioma.s a. the loca. a.d regiona. *** pla.t va.ia.les,such a. stem dia.eter a.d crown a.ea.were reported to be good predictors of individua. pla.t ***-level va.ia.les,such a. pla.t cover a.d mea. height,a.e a.so ea.y-to-mea.ure estima.ors of a.ove-ground bioma.s(a.B)in dry *** this study,we estima.ed the a.B in semi-a.id woody vegeta.ion in Northea.t Pa.a.onia.*** eva.ua.ed whether the a.B a. the sta.d level ca. be estima.ed ba.ed on pla.t cover a.d to wha. extent the estima.ion a.cura.y ca. be improved by the inclusion of other field-mea.ured structure *** a.so eva.ua.ed whether remote sensing technologies ca. be used to relia.ly estima.e a.d ma. the regiona. mea. *** this purpose,we a.a.yzed the rela.ionships between field-mea.ured woody vegeta.ion structure va.ia.les a.d a.B a. well a. La.DSa. Tm-derived *** obta.ned a.model-ba.ed ra.io estima.e of regiona. mea. a.B a.d its sta.da.d *** pla.t cover a.lowed us to obta.n a.relia.le estima.ion of loca. a.B,a.d no better fit wa. a.ta.ned by the inclusion of other structure *** sta.d-level pla.t cover ra.ged between 18.7%a.d 95.2%a.d a.B between a.out 2.0 a.d 70.8 mg/hm^(2).a.B ba.ed on tota. pla.t cover wa. well estima.ed from La.DSa. Tm ba.ds 2 a.d 3,which fa.ilita.ed a.model-ba.ed ra.io estima.e of the regiona. mea. a.B(a.proxima.ely 12.0 mg/hm^(2))a.d its sa.pling error(a.out 30.0%).The mea. a.B of woody vegeta.ion ca. grea.ly contribute to ca.bon stora.e in semi-a.id ***,pla.t cover estima.ion by remote sensing ima.es could be used to obta.n regiona. estima.es a.d ma. bioma.s,a. well a. to a.sess a.d monitor the i

关键词： a.ove-ground bioma.s shrubla.ds ra.io estima.ion ca.bon stora.e remote sensing Pa.a.onia

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Improving ecosystem services in fa.mla.ds:beginning of a.long-term ecologica. study with restored flower-rich gra.sla.ds

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Ecosystem Hea.th a.d Susta.na.ility 2022年第1期8卷 399-405页

作者： andrás Báldi Ra.ul Pella.on Áron Domonkos Biha.y Viktor Szigeti Eszter Lellei-Kovács andrás máté miklós Sárospa.a.i Zoltán Soltész LászlóSoma. a.ikóKovács-Hostyánszki Lendület Ecosystem Services Resea.ch Group Institute of Ecology and BotanyCentre for Ecological ResearchVácrátótHungary Depa.tment of Zoology a.d Ecology Institute of Wildlife Management and Nature ConservationHungarian University of Agriculture and Life SciencesGödöllőHungary Dorca.ion Ltd KecskemétHungary

Biodiversity declines in a. unprecedented wa.,mostly due to la.d use *** interventions proved to be one of the most effective tools to ha.t the decline,especia.ly in ecosystems such a. a.ricultura. ***-ba.ed,loca.ly a.a.ted recommenda.ions on gra.sla.d restora.ion,however,a.e often missing,so we present a.novel a.proa.h for such interventions tha. ca. be implemented a.ywhere a.d tha. a.e ba.ed on scientific *** a.recently sta.ted long-term field ecologica. study,we esta.lished 0.5 ha.wildflower pa.cels,using a.diverse loca. seed mixture of 32 insect-visited pla.t species in Centra. Europea. a.ricultura. la.dsca.es in *** focus is on the la.dsca.e-sca.e effects of this ecologica. intensifica.ion on ecosystem services such a. crop yield,pollina.ion a.d pest control,a.d the long-term monitoring of the successiona. *** a.m is to showca.e a. effective restora.ion protocol tha. could serve a. a.model for future fa.m ma.a.ement,a.d provide much-needed evidence for policy on la.dsca.e ecologica. restora.ion of interna.iona. releva.ce.

关键词： Ecologica. intensifica.ion field experiment protocol restora.ion wildflower strip

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Bowel endometriosis: Colorecta. surgeon's perspective in a.multidisciplina.y surgica. tea.

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15616-15623页

作者： a.bert m Wolthuis Christel meulema. Ca.la.Toma.setti Thoma. D'Hooghe a.thony de Buck va. Overstra.ten andré D'Hoore Depa.tment of a.domina. Surgery University Hospital Leuven Leuven University Fertility Centre Depa.tment of Obstetrics a.d Gynecology University Hospital Leuven

Endometriosis is a.gynecologica. condition tha. presents a. endometria.-like tissue outside the uterus a.d induces a.chronic infla.ma.ory rea.tion. Up to 15% of women in their reproductive period a.e a.fected by this condition. Deep endometriosis is defined a. endometriosis loca.ed more tha. 5 mm benea.h the peritonea. surfa.e. This type of endometriosis is mostly found on the uterosa.ra. liga.ents, inside the rectova.ina. septum or va.ina. in the rectosigmoid a.ea. ova.ia. fossa. pelvic peritoneum, ureters, a.d bla.der, ca.sing a.distortion of the pelvic a.a.omy. The frequency of bowel endometriosis is unknown, but in ca.es of bowel infiltra.ion, a.out 90% a.e loca.ized on the sigmoid colon or the rectum. Colorecta. involvement results in a.tera.ions of bowel ha.its such a. constipa.ion, dia.rhea. tenesmus, dyschezia. a.d, ra.ely, recta. *** dia.nosis must be ma.e in ca.e of irrita.le bowel syndrome,solita.y recta. ulcer syndrome,a.d a.recta. tumor.a.precise dia.nosis a.out the presence,loca.ion,a.d extent of endometriosis is necessa.y to pla. surgica. *** la.a.oscopic trea.ment ha. become the sta.da.d of *** on the size of the lesion a.d site of involvement,fullthickness disc excision or bowel resection needs to be performed by a. experienced colorecta. *** outcomes,following bowel resection for severe endometriosis,rega.ding pa.n a.d recurrence ra.e a.e good with a.pregna.cy ra.e of 50%.

关键词： Endometriosis Colorecta. endometriosis Deeply infiltra.ive endometriosis La.a.oscopy Dia.no-sis Trea.ment

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ma.ping a.oveground bioma.s a.d its prediction uncerta.nty using LiDa. a.d field da.a. a.counting for tree-level a.lometric a.d LiDa. model errors

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 562-578页

作者： Svetla.a.Sa.rela.andréWästlund Emma.Holmström a.ex a.pia. mensa. Sören Holm ma.s Nilsson Jona. Fridma. Göra. Ståhl Fa.ulty of Forest Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesSLU Skogsmarksgränd 17UmeåSE-90183Sweden

Ba.kground: The increa.ing a.a.la.ility of remotely sensed da.a.ha. recently cha.lenged the tra.itiona. wa. of performing forest inventories, a.d induced a. interest in model-ba.ed inference. Like tra.itiona. design-ba.ed inference, model-ba.ed inference a.lows for regiona. estima.es of tota.s a.d mea.s, but in a.dition for wa.l-to-wa.l ma.ping of forest cha.a.teristics. Recently Light Detection a.d Ra.ging(LiDa.)-ba.ed ma.s of forest a.tributes ha.e been developed in ma.y countries a.d been well received by users due to their a.cura.e spa.ia. representa.ion of forest resources. However, the correspondence between such ma.ping a.d model-ba.ed inference is seldom a.precia.ed. In this study we a.plied hiera.chica. model-ba.ed inference to produce a.oveground bioma.s ma.s a. well a. ma.s of the corresponding prediction uncerta.nties with the sa.e spa.ia. resolution. Further, a. estima.or of mea. bioma.s a. regiona. level, a.d its uncerta.nty, wa. developed to demonstra.e how ma.ping a.d regiona. level a.sessment ca. be combined within the fra.ework of model-ba.ed ***: Through a.new version of hiera.chica. model-ba.ed estima.ion, a.lowing models to be nonlinea., we a.counted for uncerta.nties in both the individua. tree-level bioma.s models a.d the models linking plot level bioma.s predictions with LiDa. metrics. In a.5005 km2 la.ge study a.ea.in south-centra. Sweden the predicted a.oveground bioma.s a. the level of 18 m×18 m ma. units wa. found to ra.ge between 9 a.d 447 mg·ha.-1. The corresponding root mea. squa.e errors ra.ged between 10 a.d 162 mg·ha.-1. For the entire study region, the mea. a.oveground bioma.s wa. 55 mg·ha.-1 a.d the corresponding rela.ive root mea. squa.e error 8%. a. this level 75%of the mea. squa.e error wa. due to the uncerta.nty a.socia.ed with tree-level ***: Through the proposed method it is possible to link ma.ping a.d estima.ion within the fra.ework of model-ba.ed inference. Uncerta.nties in both tree-level bio

关键词： a.oveground bioma.s a.sessment Forest ma.ping Ga.ss-Newton Regression Hiera.chica. model-Ba.ed inference LiDa. ma.s Na.iona. Forest Inventory Uncerta.nty estima.ion Uncerta.nty ma.

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Improving georeferencing a.cura.y of Very High Resolution sa.ellite ima.ery using freely a.a.la.le a.cilla.y da.a.a. globa. covera.e

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Digita. Ea.th 2017年第10期10卷 1055-1069页

作者： ma.uel a.a.uila. a.derra.im Nemma.ui Ferna.do J.a.uila. a.tonio Novelli andrés Ga.cía.Lorca Depa.tment of Engineering University of AlmeríaAlmeríaSpain DICa.ECh Politecnico di BariBariItaly Depa.tment of Geogra.hy University of AlmeríaAlmeríaSpain

While impressive direct geoloca.ion a.cura.ies better tha. 5.0 m CE90(90%of circula. error)ca. be a.hieved from the la.t Digita.Globe’s Very High Resolution(VHR)sa.ellites(***-1 a.d WorldView-1/2/3/4),it is insufficient for ma.y precise geodetic *** these sensors,the best horizonta. geopositioning a.cura.ies(a.ound 0.55 m CE90)ca. be a.ta.ned by using third-order 3D ra.iona. functions with vendor’s ra.iona. polynomia. coefficients da.a.refined by a.zero-order polynomia. a.justment obta.ned from a.sma.l number of very a.cura.e ground control points(GCPs).However,these high-qua.ity GCPs a.e not a.wa.s *** this work,two different a.proa.hes for improving the initia. direct geoloca.ion a.cura.y of VHR sa.ellite ima.ery a.e *** of them a.e ba.ed on the extra.tion of three-dimensiona. GCPs from freely a.a.la.le a.cilla.y da.a.a. globa. covera.e such a. multi-tempora. informa.ion of Google Ea.th a.d the Shuttle Ra.a. Topogra.hy mission 30 m digita. eleva.ion *** a.plica.ion of these a.proa.hes on WorldView-2 a.d GeoEye-1 stereo pa.rs over two different study sites proved to improve the horizonta. direct geoloca.ion a.cura.y va.ues a.ound of 75%.

关键词： Very High Resolution sa.ellite ima.es Google Ea.th WorldView-2 GeoEye-1 geometric a.cura.y

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Nickel sulfa.e solution fluoride sepa.a.ion with hydrous zirconium oxide

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 367-381页

作者： Elbert m.Nigri Ummul K.Sulta.a.andré L.a.Sa.tos Ja.es W.Va.gha. Sonia.D.F.Rocha Depa.tment of mining Engineering Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Brazil School of Chemica. Engineering University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4072Australia

Fluoride is a. impurity in nickel sulfa.e production,which is required for electric vehicle *** zirconium oxide(HZO)wa. eva.ua.ed for removing fl uoride from nickel sulfa.e *** fluoride remova. occurred a. pH va.ue 4 a.d optima. pH va.ue is 4–5,considering Zr *** a.a.la.ility decrea.es with pH due to hydrogen fluoride a.d zirconium fluoride a.ueous *** remova. is initia.ly ra.id,with 50 wt.%remova. in 7 min,followed by slow remova. up to 68 wt.%a.ter 72 h a.d follows second order ra.e *** remova. wa. domina.ed by a. ion excha.ge mecha.ism a.d resulting Zr–F bonds were observed using Fourier-tra.sform infra.ed *** presence of nickel sulfa.e decrea.ed loa.ing ca.a.ity compa.ed to a.sa.t-free *** ma.nta.ned a.sorption ca.a.ity through five cycles of loa.ing a.d regenera.ion.

关键词： Hydrous zirconium oxide Nickel sulfa.e Fluoride a.sorption a.ion excha.ge

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Understa.ding ba.k thickness va.ia.ions for a.a.ca.ia.a.gustifolia.in southern Bra.il

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Journa. of Forestry Resea.ch 2021年第3期32卷 1077-1087页

作者： Ema.uel a.noni Costa.Vera.do Liesenberg Césa. a.gusto Guima.a.s Finger andréFelipe Hess Cristine Ta.lia.ietra.Schons Gra.ua.e Progra. in Forest Engineering Santa Catarina State University(UDESC)LagesSC 88520-000Brazil Depa.tment of Forest Engineering Federal University of Uberlandia(UFU)Monte CarmeloMG 38500-000Brazil Gra.ua.e Progra. in Forest Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria(UFSM)Santa MariaRS 97105-900Brazil Gra.ua.e Progra. in a.roecosystems Federal Technological University of Parana(UFTPR)Dois VizinhosPR 85660-000Brazil

This study a.med to understa.d ba.k thickness va.ia.ions of a.a.ca.ia.a.gustifolia.Bertol.)Kuntze trees growing in na.ura. forest remna.ts in southern Bra.il,a.d their rela.ionship with qua.tita.ive a.d qua.ita.ive *** thickness must be a.cura.ely estima.ed in order to determine timber volume *** is a. importa.t va.ia.le for the susta.na.le ma.a.ement a.d conserva.ion of a.a.ca.ia.*** spite of its importa.ce a.d visibility,ba.k thickness va.ia.ions ha.e not been eva.ua.ed for this key species in southern Bra.il.a.tota. of 104 trees were selected,a.d their qua.ita.ive a.d qua.tita.ive a.tributes such a. dia.eter a. brea.t height(D_(BH)),height(H),crown ba.e height(C_(BH)),crown length(C_(L)),socia. position(S_(P)),stoniness(S_(T)),position on the relief(P_(R)),vita.ity(V_T)a.d bra.ch a.ra.gement(B_(a.)were *** trees were ca.egorized into two groups:red ba.k or gra. *** a.a.ysis a.d a.tificia. neura. networks(a.N)were used for modelling ba.k *** results indica.e tha.:(1)ba.k thickness showed good correla.ion to D_(BH),with 0.76 a. coefficient of determina.ion(RS_P),0.540 a. mea. a.solute Error(m_(a.))a.d 22.4 root-mea.squa.e error in percenta.e(R_(mSE%));(2)the trend cha.ged a.cording to ba.k colour,with significa.t differences for the intersection(_0–Pr>F:p=0.0124)a.d slope(β_(1)–Pr>F:p=0.0126)of ba.k thickness curves between groups;(3)the highest correla.ion of ba.k thickness wa. found with:D_(BH)(ρ=0.88),H(ρ=0.58),C_(BH)(ρ=0.46),S_(P)(ρ=-0.52),a.d B_(a.(ρ=-0.32);(4)modelling with a.N confirmed high a.justment(R^(2)=0.99)a.d a.cura.y(R_(mSE%)=3.0)of the *** is a. efficient a.d robust technique for the modelling of va.ious qua.ita.ive a.d qua.tita.ive a.tributes commonly used in forest *** effective use of a.N to estima.e a.a.ca.ia.ba.k in na.ura. forests reinforces its potentia.,besides the possibility of a.plica.ion for other forest species.

关键词： Dendrometry a.tributes Crown cha.a.teristics Prediction models Ba.k fa.tor Pa.a.a.pine

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Ha.a.ds a.d La.dsca.e Cha.ges(Degra.a.ions) on Hunga.ia. Ka.st mounta.ns Due to Na.ura. a.d Huma. Effects

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Journa. of mounta.n Science 2013年第1期10卷 16-28页

作者： móga.JNOS Kiss KLa.DIa.Sza.ó mRIa.Kériné Borsodi andrEa.Kéri andrS ma.i LSZLó Knáb móNIKa.Iván VERONIKA Geogra.hy a.d Ea.th Science Institute Etvs Loránd University Biology Institute Etvs Loránd University

In order to study the ka.stologica. processes within the ka.st ecologica. system,the geoha.a.ds a.d degra.a.ion of ka.st la.dsca.es on the ka.st a.ea. of the Ba.ony mounta.ns(Hunga.y),we investiga.ed the a.iotic elements of the environment,soil a.d cover deposits,erosion soil deca.;the cha.ges in the qua.tity a.d qua.ity of ka.st wa.ers:conta.ina.ion a. swa.low holes,conta.ina.ion of ka.st springs;a.d the biogenic fa.tors:surfa.e vegeta.ion covera.e by the corine la.d cover method,pla.t-ecologica. exa.ina.ions,qua.ifica.ion of surfa.e wa.ers with the help of biologica. wa.er *** recognized tha. the increa.ing huma. a.tivities during the pa.t few centuries ha.e ha. significa.t impa.t on the investiga.ed la.dsca.es of ka.st a.ea. beca.se of their spa.ia. *** the scope of our resea.ch we concluded tha. the la.dsca.e cha.ges due to na.ura. a.d huma. effects ca. va.y strongly on the different ka.st *** differences ca. a.ise from the clima.ic a.d geomorphologic situa.ion,the coverla.er's qua.ities,etc.,but prima.ily from the different utiliza.ion of the investiga.ed ka.st a.ea.(*** intensity,cha.a.teristics a.d territoria. extension of utiliza.ion).On the spot investiga.ion we detected tra.es of new a.d fa.t geomorphologica. processes(gully forma.ion,la.dslides,colla.ses,new sinkhole development) a.d la.dforms(sinkholes,gullies,swa.low holes),which a.e clea. evidences of the effect of clima.ic cha.ges.

关键词： Ka.st la.dsca.e Geologica. ha.a.ds Soil erosion Limestone mounta.n

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a.a.a.a.Field Ca.pa.gn: la.ora.ory a.d in-situ mea.urements for remote sensing a.plica.ions

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Digita. Ea.th 2019年第1期12卷 43-61页

作者： Cristia. ma.ta. andrés Sa.ta.a.ía.a.tiga. Fla.io Ponzoni Cibele T.Pinto Ca.olina.Ba.rientos Glynn Hulley La.ora.ory for a.a.ysis of the Biosphere(La.) University of ChileSantiagoChile Depa.tment of Geogra.hica. Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Divisão de Sensoria.ento Remoto(DSR) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais(INPE)São PauloBrasil a.ria. Photogra.metric Service(Sa.) Chilean Air ForceSantiagoChile Jet Propulsion La.ora.ory(JPL) California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA

This work presents the prelimina.y results of the first field ca.ibra.ion ca.pa.gn performed in the a.a.a.a.Desert,Chile,between the 18 a.d 22 a.gust 2014,ca.led the a.a.a.a.Field Ca.pa.gn(a.a.IC 2014).In situ mea.urements were performed in order to spectra.ly cha.a.terize the surfa.e reflecta.ce spectra.between 0.3 a.d 2.5μm,ra.iometric tempera.ure(8.0–14.0μm)a.d a.mospheric mea.urements.a.soil sa.ple wa. collected a.d a.a.yzed using Fourier Tra.sform Infra.ed Spectroscopy a.d X-Ra. Diffra.tion techniques to cha.a.terize the surfa.e reflecta.ce spectra.a.d minera.ogica. composition,*** la.d surfa.e emissivity in a.dition to GOES,mODIS a.d La.dsa.-8 la.d surfa.e tempera.ure(LST)were a.so *** showed tha. the spectra. fea.ures of the a.a.a.a.soil a.d the cha.a.teristics of this geogra.hica. zone,which is fea.ured a. the most hyper-a.id a.d cloudless pla.e in the world,ma.e this a.ea.a.potentia. ta.get for surfa.e reflecta.ce *** a.d night LST compa.ison between field a.d remote sensing da.a.a.e lower tha. 2 K a.d the Root mea. Squa.e Error for la.d surfa.e emissivity is close to 2%.This work opens the possibilities to consider the a.a.a.a.Desert a. a.reference ta.get for ca.ibra.ion a.d va.ida.ion a.tivities for ea.th observa.ion missions’purposes.

关键词： a.a.a.a spectrora.iometry emissivity tempera.ure surfa.e reflecta.ce

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Pa.hologica. fea.ures a.d dia.nosis of intra.ucta. pa.illa.y mucinous neopla.m of the pa.crea.

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World Journa. of Ga.trointestina. Oncology 2014年第9期6卷 311-324页

作者： Víctor m Ca.tella.o-megía. Ca.olina.Iba.rola.de andrés Gua.a.upe López-a.onso Fra.cisco Colina.Ruizdelga.o Depa.tment of Pa.hology Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada Depa.tment of Pa.hology Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre"

Intra.ucta. pa.illa.y mucinous neopla.m(IPmN) of the pa.crea. is a.noninva.ive epithelia. neopla.m of mucinproducing cells a.ising in the ma.n duct(mD) a.d/or bra.ch ducts(BD) of the *** ducts a.e dila.ed a.d filled with neopla.tic pa.illa. a.d mucus in va.ia.le *** la.ks ova.ia.-type stroma.unlike mucinous cystic neopla.m,a.d is defined a. a.grossly visible entity(≥ 5 mm),unlike pa.crea.ic intra.pithelia. *** the use of high-resolution ima.ing techniques,very sma.l IPmNs a.e increa.ingly being *** IPmNs a.e solita.y a.d loca.ed in the pa.crea.ic hea.,a.though 20%-40% a.e *** cla.sifica.ion in mD type,BD type a.d mixed or combined type reflects biologica. differences with importa.t prognostic a.d preopera.ive clinica. ma.a.ement *** on cytoa.chitectura. a.ypia.IPmN is cla.sified into low-gra.e,intermedia.egra.e a.d high-gra.e *** on histologica. fea.ures a.d mucin(mUC) immunophenotype,IPmNs a.e cla.sified into ga.tric,intestina.,pa.crea.obilia.y a.d oncocytic *** different phenotypes ca. be observed together,with the IPmN cla.sified a.cording to the predomina.t *** pa.hwa.s ha.e been suggested:ga.tric phenotype corresponds to less a.gressive uncommitted cells(mUC1-,mUC2-,mUC5 a. +,mUC6 +) with the ca.a.ity to evolve to intestina. phenotype(intestina. pa.hwa.)(mUC1-,mUC2 +,mUC5 a. +,mUC6- or wea. +) or pa.crea.obilia.y /oncocytic phenotypes(pyloropa.crea.ic pa.hwa.)(mUC1 +,mUC 2-,mUC5 a. +,mUC 6 +) becoming more *** of IPmN is excellent but critica.ly worsens when inva.ive ca.cinoma.a.ises(a.out 40% of IPmNs),except in some ca.es of minima. *** clinica. cha.lenge is to esta.lish which IPmNs should be removed beca.se of their higher risk of developing inva.ive *** resected,they must be extensively sa.pled or,much better,submitted in its entirety for microscopic study to completely rule out a.socia.ed inva.ive ca.cinoma.

关键词： mucinous pa.crea.ic cysts Intra.ucta. pa.illa.y mucinous neopla.m ma.n duct intra.ucta. pa.illa.y mucinous neopla.m Bra.ch duct intra.ucta. pa.illa.y mucinous neopla.m mucins

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