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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 13-16页

作者： Mario Senden Sacha J.van Albada Giovanni Pezzulo Egidio Falotico Ibrahim Hashim Alexander kroner Anno C.Kurth Pablo Lanillos Vaishnavi Narayanan Cyriel Pennartz Mihai A.Petrovici Lea Steffen Tonio Weidler Rainer Goebel Department of Cognitive Neuroscience Maastricht University Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre Maastricht University Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine(INM-6) and Institute for Advanced Simulation(IAS-6) and JARA-Institut Brain Structure-Function Relationships(INM-10) Jülich Research Center Institute of Zoology University of Cologne Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies The Bio Robotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna RWTH Aachen University Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and BehaviorRadboud University Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Group Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Department of Physiology University of Bern FZI Research Center of Information Technology

To cope with the immense complexity of the brain, neuroscientific research often focuses on isolated brain structures or circumscribed perceptual, cognitive or motor functions [1]. This reductionist approach overlooks the intricate and multifaceted interplay among various structural and functional *** instance, even simple movements require the coordinated activation of numerous neuronal populations across multiple brain regions [2].

关键词： WORLD SURVEY PROJECTS

Tectonic Evolution of an Early Precambrian High-Pressure Granulite Belt in the North China Craton

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第2期74卷 246-258页

作者： Alfred kroner P.O.BRIEN Institut fuer Geowissenschaften Universitaet Mainz 55099 Mainz GermanyBayerisches Geoinstitut Universitat Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany

A large-scale high-pressure granulite belt (HPGB), more than 700 km long, is recognized within the metamorphic basement of the North China craton. In the regional tectonic framework, the Hengshan-Chengde HPGB is located in the central collision belt between the western block and eastern block, and represents the deep crustal structural level. The typical high-pressure granulite (HPG) outcrops are distributed in the Hengshan and Chengde areas. HPGs commonly occur as mafic xenoliths within ductile shear zones, and underwent multipile deformations. To the south, the Hengshan-Chengde HPGB is juxtaposed with the Wutai greenstone belt by several strike-slip shear zones. Preliminary isotopic age dating indicates that HPGs from North China were mainly generated at the end of the Neoarchaean, assocaited with tectonic assembly of the western and eastern blocks.

关键词： North China craton high-pressure metamorphism collision belt Neoarchaean

Age and Origin of Paleogene Granitoids from Western Yunnan Province,China:Geochemistry,SHRIMP Zircon Ages,and Hf-in-Zircon Isotopic Compositions

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第5期89卷 1601-1615页

作者： SHI Yuruo WU Zhonghai Alfred kroner FAN Taoyuan YANG Zhenyu Beijing SHRIMP Center Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological Sciences Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Institut für Geowissenschaften Universitat Mainz

We report geochemical data, SHRIMP zircon ages and Hf-in-zircon isotopic compositions for Cenozoic granitoids from major fault systems in the Tethyan belt in western Yunnan Province, southwestern *** magmatic pulses occurred in the Paleogene, namely at ca.57 Ma, ca.50 Ma, 45–40 Ma, and 38–34 *** magmatism of this episode（57–50 Ma） produced S-type granites whose zircons yielded εHf（t） values of-5.0 *** contrast, late magmatism of this episode reflects heterogeneous *** from a granite porphyry along the Ailaoshan-Red River fault system have slightly positive εHf（t） values suggesting derivation from relatively young crust and/or a juvenile ***, zircons from a granite along the Gaoligong fault system have strongly negative εHf（t） values and suggest derivation from a Paleoproterozoic crustal *** composition of the granitoids varies with age（from ca.57 Ma to ca.34 Ma） from peraluminous to metaluminous and also suggests a change from syn-collisional to late-orogenic tectonic setting.A new tectonic model, impacting lithospheric wedge（ILW） is shown for the origin of Paleogene granitoids in this paper.

关键词： Paleogene magmatism SHRIMP zircon ages Hf-in-zircon isotopic compositions western Yunnan

Constraints on sedimentary ages of the Chuanlinggou Formation in the Ming Tombs, Beijing, North China Craton: LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP U–Pb dating of detrital zircons

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第2期37卷 257-280页

作者： Jing Ding Yuruo Shi Alfred kroner J. Lawford Anderson Beijing SHRIMP Center Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Institut fur Geowissenschaften Universitat Mainz55099 Mainz Germany Department of Earth and Environment Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA

Detrital zircons in five sedimentary samples, MC1 to MC5, from the bottom of the Chuanlinggou Formation in the Ming Tombs District, Beijing, were dated with the LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP U-Pb methods. Age spectra of the five samples show a major peak at 2500 Ma and a secondary peak at 2000 Ma, suggesting their provenances were mainly from the crystalline basement of the North China Craton and the Trans-North China Orogen. The youngest zircon has an age of 1673 d： 44 Ma, indicating that the Chuanlinggou Formation was deposited after this age. From sample MC4 to MC5, lithology changed from a clastic rock （fine-grained sandstone） to a carbonate rock （fine-grained dolomite）, suggesting that the depositional basin became progressively deeper. The age spectrum of sample MC5 shows a major peak at 2500 Ma and a secondary peak at 2000 Ma. Sample MC4, which is stratigraphically lower than sample MC5, only had one peak at 2500 Ma. We conclude that there was a transgressive event when sediments represented by MC5 was deposited, and seawater carried ca. 2000 Ma clastic materials to the basin where the Chuanlinggou Formation was deposited, leading to the addition of ca. 2000 Ma detritus. Our research indicates that the source area for the sediments became more extensive with time. We conclude that the Chuanlinggou Formation in the Ming Tombs District was deposited in a low-energy mud fiat sedimentary environment in the inter-supra tidal zone because it is mainly composed of silty mudstone and fine-grained sandstone with relatively simple sedimentary structures.

关键词： Detrital zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages SHRIMP Chuanlinggou Formation Ancient sedimentary environment North China Craton

Geochemistry and SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Dating of Mafic Rocks North of Zunhua City, Eastern Hebei, North China Craton： Paleoproterozoic Gabbro rather than Neoarchean Ophiolite

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第3期92卷 1024-1040页

作者： XIE Hangqiang DONG Chunyan Alfred kroner LIU Shoujie BAI Wenqian LIU Dunyi WAN Yusheng Beijing SHRIMP Center Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beo'ing 10003 7 China Department of Geosciences University of Mainz D-55099 Mainz Germany

Abundant mafic-ultramafic blocks and dikes occur in the area north of Zunhua City, eastern Hebei Province, and were previously suggested to be part of a late Archean ophiolitic assemblage. We employed SHRIMP zircon dating and a geochemical study on these mafic and surrounding rocks to test the ophiolite hypothesis. The SHRIMP data suggest that three metagabbro samples were metamorphosed at ～1.8 Ga. Numerous ～2.5 Ga zircons display strong oscillatory zoning, characteristic of zircons from granitoid rocks but not from gabbro, so we suggest that these are xenocrystic grains. The age of these xenocrystic zircons and their metamorpbic rims suggests that these mafic blocks formed in Paleoproterozoic. The surrounding gneiss of intermediate composition also contains 2.5 Ga zircons with oscillatory zoning and 1.8 Ga metamorphic rims. Fractionated REE patterns and Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf negative anomalies to variable extent were observed in the mafic blocks and surrounding rocks, also supporting a significant difference in the chemistry of ophiolitic rocks. Our data suggest that many mafic blocks in northern Zunhua are not part of a late Archean ophiolite complex but part of a tectonically dismembered Paleoproterozoic intrusive gabbro complex. This study shows that late Paleoproterozoic metamorphism occurred in the western part of eastern Hebei Province.

关键词： metagabbro ophiolite SHRIMP zircon dating Zunhua North China Craton

Carboniferous Alaskan-type complex along the Sino–Mongolian boundary,southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第2期36卷 276-290页

作者： Yuruo Shi Linlin Li Alfred kroner Jing Ding Wei Zhang Zengbao Huang Ping Jian Beijing SHRIMP Center Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Institut für Geowissenschaften Universitat Mainz 55099 Mainz Germany Geological Survey of Gansu Province Lanzhou 735000 China

We present zircon ages and geochemical data for the Hongshishan Carboniferous Alaskan-type mafic–ultramafic complex exposed in the Beishan area along the Sino–Mongolian boundary, southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. This complex mainly consists of dunite,harzburgite, lherzolite, wehrlite, and gabbro, which intrudes Early Carboniferous volcanic rocks and reveals a zoned structure. Zircons of a gabbro sample yielded a 206Pb/238 U age of 357 ± 4 Ma, reflecting the time of Early Carboniferous magmatism. Zircon ages were also obtained for an andesite(322 ± 3 Ma) and a basaltic andesite(304 ± 2 Ma).High initial Nd isotope whole-rock values suggest that the Hongshishan gabbro [e_(Nd(t))= +9.6-+10.2] and basalt[eNd(t)= +10.0-+10.8] were derived from a depleted mantle source. Slightly lower eNd(t)values for the ultramafic rocks [eNd(t)= +8.5-+8.7] suggest some interaction of the parental magma with the continental crust. In contrast, the Late Carboniferous Quershan samples in this area represent subduction-related arc volcanic rocks with Adakite-like compositions. The early Carboniferous Hongshishan Alaskan-type complex was interpreted to represent the remnants of a magma chamber that crystallized at the base of a mature island arc, whereas the Quershan island arc volcanic rockssuggest the resurrection of the subduction process after arccontinent collision and uplift of the roots of the arc.

关键词： Alaskan-type complex Carboniferous Zircon age Sino-Mongolian boundary CAOB

Eastern Ancient Terrane of the North China Craton

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第4期90卷 1082-1096页

作者： WAN Yusheng LIU Shoujie Alfred kroner DONG Chunyan XIE Hangqiang XIE Shiwen BAI Wenqian REN Peng MA Mingzhu LIU Dunyi Beijing SHRIMP Center Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Department of Geosciences University of Mainz D-55099 Mainz Germany

Based on the spatial distribution of ancient rocks and zircons, three ancient terranes older than ca. 2.6 Ga have recently been identified in the North China Craton, namely the Eastern, Southern, and Central Ancient Terranes. The Eastern Ancient Terrane is the best studied and understood of the three ancient terranes. It has a long geological history back to ca. 3.8 Ga ago and includes the areas of Anshan-Benxi, eastern Hebei, eastern Shandong and western Shandong. In Anshan-Benxi, several different types of 3.8 Ga rocks were discovered together with 3.1-3.7 Ga rocks, whereas 2.9-3.0 Ga K-rich granites and 2.5 Ga syenogranite occur on larger scales. In eastern Hebei, 3.0-3.4 Ga rocks and older detrital and xenocrystic zircons were identified. In eastern Shandong, there are a large volumes of 2.7 Ga and 2.9 Ga rocks. In western Shandong, early Neoarchean （2.6-2.7 Ga） intrusive and supracrustal rocks are widely distributed. Whole-rock Nd and zircon Hf isotope data suggest that both mantle additions and crustal recycling played important roles within the Eastern Ancient Terrane during almost every tectono-magmatic event. Most BIFs in the North China Craton are late Neoarchean in age and are distributed on continental crust along the western margin of the Eastern Ancient Terrane, probably suggesting that a stable environment was one of the key factors for the formation of large-scale BIFs.

关键词： Zircon age Hf isotopes Archean Eastern Ancient Terrane North China Craton

Sino-German Workshop on “Geodynamic Evolution of Central Asia in the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic”

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Episodes 2007年第3期30卷 224-225页

作者： Wenjiao Xiao Alfred kroner State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences CHINA Institut für Geowissenschafien Universitat Mainz Becherweg 21 55099 Mainz GERMANY

The Sino-German Centre for Research Pro- motion （Chinesisch-Deutsches Zentrum for Wissenschaftsf6rderung） in Beijing, China, funded a 5-day thematic workshop on “Geo- dynamic Evolution of Central Asia in the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic”, attended by more than 50 participants from eight countries （Germany, UK, France, Russia, Australia, Italy, Cuba, and China）. The workshop was co-sponsored by the Task Force 1 （Earth Accretionary Systems） of the International Lithosphere Program （ILP）, the IGCP Project 480, and the State Key Laboratory of Lithos- pheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）. It was superbly organized by a team from the State Key Laboratory of Lithos- pheric Evolution. Prof. Wenjiao Xiao and Prof. Alfred kroner were the executive chairs of the workshop.

关键词：地球动力学进化方法中亚古生代中生代

Field Relationships,Geochemistry,Zircon Ages and Evolution of a Late Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic Lower Crustal Section in the Hengshan Terrain of Northern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2005年第5期79卷 605-632页

作者： A. kroner S.A. WILDE P.J. O＇BRIEN LI Jianghai C.W. PASSCHIER N.P. WALTE LIU Dunyi Institut fiir Geowissenschafien Universitat Mainz D-55099 Mainz Germany School of Applied Geology Curtin University of Technology GPO Box U1987 Perth WA 6845 Australia Institut fiir Geowissenschafien Universitat Potsdam Postfach 601553 D-01553 Potsdam Germany Department of Geology Peking University Beijing 109009 China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 26 Baiwanzhuang Road Beijing 100037 China

The Hengshan complex forms part of the central zone of the North China Craton and consists predominantly of ductilely-deformed late Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic high-grade, partly migmatitic, granitoid orthogneisses, intruded by mafic dykes of gabbroic composition. Many highly strained rocks were previously misinterpreted as supracrustal sequences and represent mylonitized granitoids and sheared dykes. Our single zircon dating documents magmatic granitoid emplacement ages between 2.52 Ga and 2.48 Ga, with rare occurrences of 2.7 Ga gneisses, possibly reflecting an older basement. A few granitic gneisses have emplacement ages between 2.35 and 2.1 Ga and show the same structural features as the older rocks, indicating that the main deformation occurred after -2.1 Ga. Intrusion of gabbroic dykes occurred at -1920 Ma, and all Hengshan rocks underwent granulite-facies metamorphism at 1.88-1.85 Ga, followed by retrogression, sheafing and uplift. We interpret the Hengshan and adjacent Fuping granitoid gneisses as the lower, plutonic, part of a late Archaean to early Palaeoproterozoic Japan-type magmatic arc, with the upper, volcanic part represented by the nearby Wutai complex. Components of this arc may have evolved at a continental margin as indicated by the 2.7 Ga zircons. Major deformation and HP metamorphism occurred in the late Palaeoproterozoic during the Luliang orogeny when the Eastern and Western blocks of the North China Craton collided to form the Trans-North China orogen. Shear zones in the Hengshan are interpreted as major lower crustal discontinuities post-dating the peak of HP metamorphism, and we suggest that they formed during orogenic collapse and uplift of the Hengshan complex in the late Palaeoproterozoic （〈1.85 Ga）.

关键词： Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic geology zircon age Hengshan terrain North China Craton

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恒山中段新太古代高压麻粒岩区的构造特征

地质论评 2003年第2期49卷 138-145,T003页

作者：黄雄南李江海 a kroner 北京大学地球与空间科学学院 Institut fuer Geowissenschaften Universitaet Mainz55099 MainzGermany

恒山中段高压麻粒岩区是华北克拉通新太古代高压麻粒岩最好的露头区之一,北部为强烈重熔的灰色片麻岩区,构造样式以穹窿、近水平韧性剪切带为主,中部以近东西向的右旋走滑剪切带与南部变形变质程度相对较低的岩石单元相接,后者主要的岩... 详细信息

恒山中段高压麻粒岩区是华北克拉通新太古代高压麻粒岩最好的露头区之一,北部为强烈重熔的灰色片麻岩区,构造样式以穹窿、近水平韧性剪切带为主,中部以近东西向的右旋走滑剪切带与南部变形变质程度相对较低的岩石单元相接,后者主要的岩石类型为均匀的英云闪长质片麻岩和变质辉绿岩墙。高压麻粒岩以透镜体形式出现在北部。本文通过对恒山高压麻粒岩区构造特征和构造样式的分析,认为高压麻粒岩区主要经历了4期构造变形:①高压麻粒岩透镜体里的逆冲型韧性剪切变形和走滑剪切变形;②向南或南西的伸展变形;③右行走滑剪切;④向东或南东伸展变形。对恒山地区的高压麻粒岩的出露起决定作用的是两次伸展构造运动。

关键词：新太古代恒山高压麻粒岩构造抬升机制透镜体形式韧性剪切作用伸展模式