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Dimorphism of Bivalved Arthropod Branchiocaris？ Yunnanensis from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota, South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第3期90卷 818-826页

作者： WU Yu FU Dongjing ZHANG Xingliang Allison C. daley SHU Degan Early Life Institute and State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of Geology Northwest University Xi 'an 710069 China Department of Zoology University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK Oxford University Museum of Natural History Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PW UK

The bivalved arthropod Branchiocaris？ yunnanensis Hou, 1987 is redescribed on the basis of new fossil material from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota, South China. In total, 81 specimens have been examined. The carapace comprises two identical valves, each valve are sub-circular in outline, ranging from 24 mm to 58 mm in length, and from 15 mm to 46 mm in height. The dorsal margin is straight and bears two short cardinal spines. The valve surface is either smooth or ornamented with polygonal reticular structures, which may result from different preservation conditions. Two morphotypes have been recognized based on the presence or absence of a subdorsal swelling of the valve, which is convex dorsolaterally and extends beyond the dorsal margin when it appears. Statistic and ontogenetic analyses show both morphotypes grow isometrically and have the same growth trajectory. Therefore, the two morphotypes are interpreted as dimorphism within the same species. Our results are helpful for investigating the taxonomy and ontogeny of arthropod fossils and suggest that dimorphism might be fairly common in these early arthropods.

关键词： Arthropoda Branchiocaris Dimorphism Ontogeny Chengjiang biota

Physical activity during pregnancy and the role of theory in promoting positive behavior change:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第2期6卷 198-206页

作者： Erika L.Thompson Cheryl A.Vamos Ellen M.daley Department of Community and Family Health University of South Florida Tampa FL 33612 USA

Background: Physical activity(PA) during pregnancy provides physical and psychological benefits for mother and child. U.S. guidelines recommend ≥30 min of moderate exercise for healthy pregnant women most days of the week; however, most women do not meet these recommendations. Theory assists in identifying salient determinants of health behavior to guide health promotion interventions; however, the application of theory to examine PA among pregnant women has not been examined cohesively among multiple levels of influence(e.g.,intrapersonal, interpersonal, neighborhood/environmental, and organizational/political). Subsequently, this systematic review aims to identify and evaluate the use of health behavior theory in studies that examine PA during ***: Articles published before July 2014 were obtained from Pub Med and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria applied were:(1) empiricallybased;(2) peer-reviewed;(3) measured factors related to PA;(4) comprised a pregnant sample; and(5) applied theory. Fourteen studies were included. Each study's application of theory and theoretical constructs were ***: Various theories were utilized to explain and predict PA during pregnancy; yet, the majority of these studies only focused on intrapersonal level determinants. Five theoretical frameworks were applied across the studies—all but one at the intrapersonal level. Few determinants identified were from the interpersonal, neighborhood/environmental, or organizational/political ***: This systematic review synthesized the literature on theoretical constructs related to PA during pregnancy. Interpersonal, community,and societal levels remain understudied. Future research should employ theory-driven multi-level determinants of PA to reflect the interacting factors influencing PA during this critical period in the life course.

关键词： Physical activity Pregnancy Theory

Comment on“Assessing gully erosion and rehabilitation using multi temporal LiDAR DEMs:Case study from the Great Barrier Reef catchments,Australia”by Khan et al.,2023

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第2期12卷 481-486页

作者： James S.daley Andrew P.Brooks John R.Spencer Coastal and Marine Research Centre Griffith UniversityGold Coast4215Australia

Geomorphic change detection(GCD)using high resolution topographic data can provide important insights into geomorphological ***,considerations must first be given to the mechanisms and dynamics producing landscape change when considering an appropriate experimental *** et al.(2023)investigate gully erosion rates and processes in different untreated and rehabilitated gullies using multi-temporal aerial lidar survey(ALS)***,an inappropriate time interval between sampling,a lack of uncertainty measures and lack of baseline monitoring survey data lead them to arrive at incorrect *** data is presented from the same field sites,which demonstrate gully sediment losses have been underestimated by at least 330%and potentially over an order of magnitude.A number of critical shortcomiongs of the paper are *** time intervals between data collection have led to a lack of detection of some sediment transport *** associated with gully rehabilitation have been conflated with geomorphic change,as no post-construction baseline data was collected.A lack of post-construction baseline data for this analysis means ongoing erosion and deposition cannot be resolved in the rehabilitated gully *** these errors in approach,discussions of gully geomorphic processes,erosion mechanisms and evaluations of rehabilitation efforts are unsupported,overstated and *** has important implications for land management efforts and planning as well ongoing research on alluvial gully erosion,which is largely overlooked by Khan et al.(2023).

关键词： erosion stated discussions

Inquiry-Based Learning in China:Do Teachers Practice What They Preach,and Why?

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Frontiers of Education in China 2011年第1期6卷 139-157页

作者： David Yun DAI Kathryn A.GERBINO Michael J.daley Division of Educational Psychology and Methodology University at AlbanyState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222USA Capital Region BOCES of New York State Albany AlbanyNY 12205USA Department of Educational Administration and Policy Studies University at AlbanyState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222USA

China is undergoing an education reform that calls for a change from a rigid,fixed curriculum and didactic pedagogy to a more flexible,school-based curriculum and more inquiry-based *** study investigated the extent to which Chinese middle and high school teachers(a)endorse an inquiry-based approach and underlying learning principles,(b)practice this mode of teaching,and(c)believe that the approach is practically viable in the current educational contexts in China.A structured survey was developed to solicit Chinese teachers’responses to the above three issues.A total of 582 valid responses were collected,representing middle and high schools in different geographic *** results show that Chinese teachers are receptive to inquiry-based pedagogy but find practical constraints in fully implementing *** cultural and pragmatic reasons are *** implications are discussed with respect to teacher education/development,capacity building for the new pedagogy,and teaching/evaluation *** cultural issues are discussed regarding using inquiry-based learning to enhance critical thinking and nurture independent thinkers.

关键词： inquiry-based learning education reform teacher development high-stakes testing

东南大盆地在伸展期间岩石圈减薄的同位素证据

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地质地球化学 1993年第6期21卷 52-56,39页

作者： E. E. daley 燕守勋

在内华达州拉斯韦加斯附近,晚新生代伸展期间喷发的镁铁质岩石,其Nd和Sr同位素以及全岩化学组成呈时间分配的变化模式。这些模式表明,在伸展过程中,岩浆形成的深度在整个时期内都在变化,且岩石圈地幔部分地被软流圈地幔所置换。在碱性岩... 详细信息

在内华达州拉斯韦加斯附近,晚新生代伸展期间喷发的镁铁质岩石,其Nd和Sr同位素以及全岩化学组成呈时间分配的变化模式。这些模式表明,在伸展过程中,岩浆形成的深度在整个时期内都在变化,且岩石圈地幔部分地被软流圈地幔所置换。在碱性岩中,ε_(Nd)在整个时期内是变化的,从主伸展期开始前(16Ma)的-9.1(本区岩石圈地幔的特征值)变为伸展期(4.6Ma)的+6.4(软流圈地幔的特征值)。在主伸展期结束前后(10～6Ma),拉斑玄武岩浆喷发,此岩浆的ε_(Nd)的变化范围从-1C.1到-7.9;这表明,当软流圈地幔进入拉斑玄武岩形成的深度范围(33～50km)时,岩石圈并未减薄很多。拉斯韦加斯地区岩石圈约减薄了50％,这比根据上地壳伸展程度推测出的值要小(2/3或3/4),显示出岩石圈对伸展的响应是不均匀的。

关键词：岩石圈减薄同位素东南大盆地

Fulminant Clostridium difficile infection: An association with prior appendectomy?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2013年第8期5卷 233-238页

作者： Jesse Clanton Michael Subichin Katherine Drolshagen Timothy daley Michael S Firstenberg Department of Surgery Northeast Ohio Medical University Summa Akron City Hospital Department of Pathology Northeast Ohio Medical University Summa Akron City Hospital Department of Mathematics University of Southern California

AIM: To examine if fulminant Clostridium difficile infections(CDI) resulting in colectomy was associated with a prior appendectomy and whether any association affected the severity of the ***: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients who underwent colectomy for CDI between 2001 and *** appendectomy rate was calculated based on the absence of an appendix on the surgical pathology *** was compared to an established lifetime risk of appendectomy in the general population.A chart review was performed for mortality and traditional markers of CDI disease ***’s exact test was used to calculate the likelihood of association between prior appendectomy,mortality,and clinical markers of severity of ***: Fifty-five specimens were identified with pseudomembranous colitis consistent with *** patients had a clinical history consistent with CDI and 45 of 55(81.8%) specimens also had microbiological confirmation of *** was observed in 24 of 55 specimens(0.436,99%CI: 0.280-0.606).This was compared to the lifetime incidence of appendectomy of 17.6%.The rate of appendectomy in our sample was significantly higher than would be expected in the general population(43.6% vs 17.6%,P < 0.01).Disease severity did not differ based on presence or absence of an appendix and no association was detected between prior appendectomy and mortality(OR = 0.588,95%CI: 0.174-1.970).CONCLUSION: The rate of appendectomy in the patients whose CDI led to colectomy,was significantly higher than the calculated lifetime risk,suggesting an association of appendectomy and severe CDI resulting in *** prospective studies are needed to assess any potential causal relationships affecting fulminant CDI.

关键词： Appendectomy Fulminant colitis Clostridium difficile

Executive Function Training for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第5期130卷 549-558页

作者： Lan Shuai David daley Yu-Feng Wang Jin-Song Zhang Yan-Ting Kong Xin Tan Ning Ji Department of Medical Psychology Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200092 China Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UH UK Department of Child Psychiatry Research Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental Health Key Laboratory of Mental Health Ministry of Health (Peking University) Beijing 100191 China Department of Developmental Behavioral and Child Healthcare Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200092 China Department of Children's Psychiatry Robusprout Children's Clinic Beijing 100022 China

Background： Accumulating evidence indicates that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） is associated with core deficits in executive function （EF） which predicts poorer academic and occupational functioning. This makes early intervention targeting EF impairments important to prevent long-term negative outcomes. Cognitive training is a potential ADHD treatment target. The present study aimed to explore the efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability of a cognitive training program （targeting child＇s multiple EF components and involving parent support in daily life）, as a nonpharmacological intervention for children with ADHD. Methods： Forty-four school-age children with ADHD and their parents participated in 12 sessions of EF training （last for 12 weeks） and 88 health controls （HC） were also recruited. Training effects were explored using both neuropsychological tests （Stroop color-word test, Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test, trail making test, tower of Hanoi, and false-belief task） and reports of daily life （ADHD rating scale-IV, Conners＇ parent rating scale, and behavior rating inventory of executive function [BRIEF]） by analysis of paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The differences on EF performances between children with ADHD after training and HC were explored using multivariate analysis. Results： The results （before vs. after EF training） showed that after intervention, the children with ADHD presented better performances of EF both in neuropsychological tests （word interference of Stroop： 36.1 ± 14.6 vs. 27.1 ± 11.1, t = 4.731, P 〈 0.001 ; shift time of TMT： 194.9 ± 115.4 vs. 124.8 ± 72.4, Z = -4.639, P 〈 0.001 ; false-belief task： χ^2 = 6.932, P = 0.008） and reports of daily life （global executive composite of BRIEF： 148.9 ± 17.5 vs. 127.8 ± 17.5, t =6.433, P 〈 0.001）. The performances on EF tasks for children with ADHD after EF training could match with the level of HC children. The ADHD symptoms （ADHD rating scale total score： 32.4

关键词： Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Cognitive Behavior Therapy Executive Function

Oncogenic role of leptin and Notch interleukin-1 leptin crosstalk outcome in cancer

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World Journal of Methodology 2016年第1期6卷 43-55页

作者： Crystal C Lipsey Adriana Harbuzariu Danielle daley-Brown Ruben R Gonzalez-Perez Department of Microbiology Biochemistry and ImmunologyGraduate Education in Bio-medical SciencesMorehouse School of Medicine

Obesity is a global pandemic characterized by high levels of body fat(adiposity) and derived-cytokines(i.e., leptin). Research shows that adiposity and leptin provide insight on the link between obesity and cancer progression. Leptin's main function is to regulate energy balance. However, obese individuals routinely develop leptin resistance, which is the consequence of the breakdown in the signaling mechanism controlling satiety resulting in the accumulation of leptin. Therefore, leptin levels are often chronically elevated in human obesity. Elevated leptin levels are related to higher incidence, increased progression and poor prognosis of several human cancers. In addition to adipose tissue, cancer cells can also secrete leptin and overexpress leptin receptors. Leptin is known to act as a mitogen, inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factor that induces cancer cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Moreover, leptin signaling induces cancer stem cells, which are involved in cancer recurrence and drug resistance. A novel and complex signaling crosstalk between leptin, Notch and interleukin-1(IL-1) [Notch, IL-1 and leptin crosstalk outcome(NILCO)] seems to be an important driver of leptin-induced oncogenic actions. Leptin and NILCO signaling mediate the activation of cancer stem cells that can affect drug resistance. Thus, leptin and NILCO signaling are key links between obesity and cancer progression. This review presents updated data suggesting that adiposity affects cancer incidence, progression, and response to treatment. Here we show data supporting the oncogenic role of leptin in breast, endometrial, and pancreatic cancers.

关键词： Obesity Leptin Breast cancer Endometrial cancer Pancreatic cancer Notch interleukin-1 and leptin crosstalk outcome

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脑外科医学的新工具

科技新时代（上半月） 2007年第11期 60-65页

作者： JASON daley

过去，神经外科医生的伙伴就只有那些会吱吱乱叫的锯子和刀子；如今，机械手为医生提供了创造奇迹的最佳机会。

关键词：脑外科工具医学神经外科机械手医生