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Preliminary.Study.on Renal Ultrasound Biometry.in Apparently.h.alth. 18 to 30-y.ar-Old Subjects with.Normal Renal Function in Ouagadougou

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Open Journal of Neph.ology 2020年第4期10卷 388-402页

作者： Gérard Coulibaly.Boubakar Ouattara Gloria D. M. h. Capo-Ch.ch. Tiéba Millogo aïda h. y. lengani Aoua Semde Gaoussou Sanou Amidou Sawadogo Balkissa Ouattara Ousséini Diallo Neph.ology.and h.emodialy.is Department of y.lgado Ouedraogo University.h.spital Center of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Imaging Department of y.lgado Ouedraogo University.h.spital Center of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso h.alth.Sciences Research.Institute Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Neph.ology.Dialy.is Department of Sourô Sanou University.h.spital Center of Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Omah. Nebraska USA

Introduction: In our practice, renal measurements in patients with.normal renal function usually.appear to be lower compared to standards reported in reference literature. Th. standards are probably.different in our context. Given th. importance of renal biometrics in neph.ological practice, we felt it necessary.to carry.out th.s preliminary.study.in order to identify.an order of reference measurements appropriate to our context. Meth.ds: Th.s was a cross-sectional study.th.t took place from 18 August to 04 November 2018 at th. y.lgado Ouedrarogo University.h.spital Center. Th. first 100 subjects aged between 18 and 30 y.ars wh. met th. following inclusion criteria were selected: to be black african Burkinabe and to h.ve normal renal function. Th. h.igh., width.and th.ckness of each.kidney.were measured using ultra-sound scanners. For statistical tests, a value of p y.significant. Results: Th. average age was 23.9 ± 6.1 y.ars and th. sex ratio was 2.2. Mean h.igh.s, width. and renal th.cknesses were 94.5 ± 14.5, 38.7 ± 10.7 and 36.3 ± 10.3 mm, and 96.7 ± 16.7, 42.7 ± 16.7 and 36.8 ± 10.8 mm respectively.for righ. and left kidney.. Th. distribution of th. different renal dimensions in our sample followed a normal distribution. In th. particular case of th. righ. kidney. th. probability.th.t its h.igh. was between 79.2 and 109.7 mm was 0.95 and th. probability.th.t it was less th.n 79.2 mm or greater th.n 109.7 mm was 0.05. Renal h.igh. was significantly.h.gh.r in subjects with.h.igh. greater th.n 1.70 m (p ≤ 0.02). Th. left kidney. were on average significantly.larger th.n th. righ. kidney. (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Our study.is not extrapolable to th. general population of Burkina Faso. It suggests, h.wever, th.t th. kidney. of th. apparently.h.alth. Burkinabe subject are smaller th.n wh.t is reported in anatomy.reference books. Our work, wh.ch.is preliminary. sh.uld be deepened th.ough.a national survey. In th.

关键词： Black African Burkina Faso Renal Biometrics Ultrasounds Scanner

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Response Evaluation Using Contrast-Enh.nced Ultrasound for Unresectable Advanced h.patocellular Carcinoma Treated With.Ty.osine Kinase Inh.bitors Plus Anti-PD-1 Antibody.Th.rapy

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Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 2024年第1期50卷 142-149页

作者： Zh.o C.-K. Guan X. Pu y.-y. Zh.u B.-y. Wang L.-F. Sun y.-K. y.n h.-h. Xia h.-S. Wang X. h.n h. Xu h.-X. Department of Ultrasound Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai China Sh.ngh.i Institute of Medical Imaging Shanghai China Central Laboratory.and Department of Medical Ultrasound Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

Objective: Th. aim of th. work described h.re was to evaluate th. role of contrast-enh.nced ultrasound (CEUS) in response evaluation for unresectable advanced h.patocellular carcinoma (h.C) treated with.ty.osine kinase inh.bitors (TKIs) plus anti-programmed cell death.protein-1 (PD-1) antibody.th.rapy. Meth.ds: A prospective coh.rt of consecutive patients with.h.C wh. received combined TKI/anti-PD-1 antibody.treatment for unresectable h.C between January.2022 and October 2022 was included in th.s study. Th. patients underwent unenh.nced ultrasound (US) and CEUS examinations before treatment and at follow-up. Ch.nges in th. largest diameters of th. target tumor on unenh.nced US and th. largest diameters of th. enh.ncing target tumors on CEUS were evaluated. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 with.unenh.nced US and magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomograph. (MRI/CT) and modified RECIST (mRECIST) with.CEUS and CEMRI/CT were used to assess treatment response. Results: A total of 24 h.C patients (23 men and 1 woman; mean age: 56.5 ± 8.5 y. Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C, 62.5%; 29 intrah.patic target tumors) were studied. Calculations of degree of necrosis in th. target tumors revealed no significant differences between CEUS and CEMRI/CT (44.5 ± 36.2% vs. 45.3 ± 36.8%, p = 0.862). As for th. differentiation of responders from non-responders, th. agreement between RECIST version 1.1 of unenh.nced US and mRECIST-CEUS was poor (κ coefficient = 0.233). Meanwh.le, th.re was a h.gh.degree of concordance between mRECIST-CEUS and mRECIST-CEMRI/CT (κ coefficient = 0.812). Conclusion: CEUS proved to be superior to baseline US and is comparable to CEMRI/CT in defining treatment outcome for combined TKI/anti-PD-1 antibody.th.rapy. © 2023 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

关键词： Anti-angiogenic th.rapy Anti-PD-1 antibody Contrast-enh.nced ultrasound h.patocellular carcinoma

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Element and Mineral Ch.racteristics of Tailings in th. Porph.ry.Ty.e Iron Deposit from Ningwu Basin

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y.nkuang Cesh. 2024年第2期43卷 259-269页

作者： Lu y. Meng y. h.ang X. Wang C. y.ng B. Tanh.u M. Xie h. College of Earth.Sciences Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 China State Key.Laboratory.of Ore Deposit Geoch.mistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550081 China Nansh.n Mining Co. Ltd. Anhui Ma Steel Mining Resources Group Ma'anshan 243033 China

Th. porph.rite-ty.e iron deposit in Ningwu Basin is an important source of iron resources in Ch.na, and th. premise for th. efficient and compreh.nsive utilization of its complex tailings is a th.rough.understanding of th.ir mineral processing ch.racteristics. In order to provide a reference for th. compreh.nsive utilization of porph.rite-ty.e iron deposit tailings in Ningwu Basin, th. process mineralogy.ch.racteristics were explored by.using th. combined meth.ds of X-ray.fluorescence spectrometry.(XRF), inductively.coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.(ICP-MS), X-ray.diffractometry.(XRD), and TESCAN integrated mineral analy.er (TIMA). Th. results sh.w th.t th. tailings are composed of mainly.Si, Fe and Al. Th. mineral compositions are mainly.albite, h.matite, magnetite and quartz. Silicon mainly.occurs in quartz and albite, wh.reas Fe mainly.occurs in h.matite/magnetite. Th. tailings h.ve a fine particle size and low mineral liberation degree. Compared to oth.r ty.es of iron deposit tailings in Ch.na, th.se tailings are ch.racterized by.a h.gh.content of Al and a relatively.h.gh.proportion of py.ite. © 2024 Science Ch.na Press. All righ.s reserved.

关键词： inductively.coupled plasma-mass spectrometry iron tailings mineral composition porph.rite-ty.e iron ore TESCAN integrated mineral analy.er th. occurrence state of elements X-ray.diffractometry X-ray.fluorescence spectrometry

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Analy.is of th. Effects of Eth.nol Extracts from Cich.rium glandulosum on th. Intestinal Flora of db/db Mice Based on h.gh.th.ough.ut Sequencing

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Modern Food Science and Tech.ology 2024年第5期40卷 1-7页

作者： Kang J. y.n J. Zh.ng R. Zh.ng y. Tan h. Adalaiti A. Tong F. Ma X. Sch.ol of Ph.rmacy Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi 830011 China

Th. effects of eth.nol extracts obtained from Cich.rium glandulosum on th. intestinal microbiota of diabetic mice (db/db mice) were investigated. In th.s study. m/m mice served as th. normal control group (CON group), wh.le db/db mice were randomly.divided into th. model group (MOD group), metformin-treated group (MET group), low-dose eth.nol extract-treated group (CGL group), and h.gh.dose eth.nol extract-treated group (CGh.group). After intragastric administration of eth.nol extracts from Cich.rium glandulosum for eigh. weeks, th. body.weigh., fasting blood glucose levels, liver total ch.lesterol (TC) levels, and liver trigly.eride (TG) content in mice were analy.ed. Additionally. 16S rRNA sequencing analy.is was performed on fecal samples of mice to investigate th. ch.nges in th.ir intestinal microbiota after th. treatment. It was discovered th.t th. h.gh.dose eth.nol extract can regulate th. body.weigh. and blood glucose levels of db/db mice and significantly.reduce th. levels of TC and TG in db/db mice (Ph. meantime, th. 16S rRNA sequencing results sh.wed noticeable differences in th. intestinal microbiota among th. CON, MOD, and CGh.groups. Th. administration of eth.nol extracts from Cich.rium glandulosum improved th. intestinal dy.biosis in db/db mice and upregulated th. relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such.as Bifidobacterium, Romboutsia, and Prevotella in th. intestinal microbiota. Th.s study.h.s sh.wn th.t th. eth.nol extract from Cich.rium glandulosum can regulate th. intestinal microbiota of db/db mice and regulate glucose and lipid metabolism by.increasing th. relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Th.s can provide new insigh.s for th. development and utilization of Cich.rium glandulosum from Xinjiang as a medicinal resource. © 2024 South.Ch.na University.of Tech.ology. All righ.s reserved.

关键词： Cich.rium glandulosum db/db mice h.gh.th.ough.ut sequencing intestinal flora ty.e 2 diabetes

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Implications of de Facto Reuse on Future Regulatory.Developments for Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Auth.rity.in Okatie, South.Carolina, USA

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第2期15卷 173-192页

作者： Tricia h. Kilgore Sh.bh.sh.ni Oza Jeremy.h.tfield Kath.rine y. Bell Department of Tech.ology.and Innovation Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Authority Okatie SC USA Department of Research.and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Charlotte NC USA Department of Digital Solutions Brown and Caldwell Cleveland OH USA Department of Research.and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

A significant portion of th. national water supply.can be attributed to de facto or unplanned potable reuse, th.ugh.th. extent of its contribution is difficult to estimate. Fortunately. th. contribution of Water Resource Recovery.Facility.(WRRF) effluent to waters th.t supply.drinking water treatment plants h.s been documented by.some communities. In th. United States (US), among th. top 25 most impacted drinking water treatment plants by.upstream WRRF, 16% of th. influent flow to th. drinking water treatment plant under average streamflow and up to 100% under low-flow conditions is WRRF effluent. Currently. th. full extent of de facto reuse in th. US may.be much.h.gh.r because of population growth. Th. scenario is no different for Beaufort-Jasper Water and Sewer Auth.rity.(BJWSA) in South.Carolina, US, with.contributions to th. Savannah.River originating from numerous WRRF and oth.r upstream disch.rgers. South.Carolina coastal utilities such.as BJSWA are considering direct and indirect potable reuse options, driven by.disposal limitations and ch.llenges. Currently. South.Carolina does not h.ve a framework, guidelines, or regulations for reuse, but discussions h.ve started among th. regulated community. In addition to understanding th. extent of de facto reuse, th. state will need to develop standards and best practices to enable future adoption of planned potable reuse solutions to water resources ch.llenges. Such.guidance sh.uld address h.man h.alth.risk management and tech.ical considerations regarding treatment in addition to oth.r factors, including source control, storage, fail-safe operation, monitoring, non-cost factors, and public acceptance. Th.s study.conducted a mapping assessment specific to BJWSA, sampled at four locations on Savannah.River, and observed th.t de facto reuse is approximately.4.6% to 5.9% during low-flow month. and is with.n th. range generally.observed nationwide. Wh.n coupled with.evidence th.t planned potable reuse can improve h.man h.alth.and environmental risks, th.s practice is

关键词： Water Reuse De Facto Reuse Planned Potable Reuse Water Recy.ling Wastewater Derived Contaminants

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Effects of Planting Patterns on Starch.Content and Activities of Key.Starch.Enzy.es in Rice Grains

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Ch.nese Journal of Rice Science 2024年第3期38卷 303-315页

作者： Tian Z. Sh.oh.a W. Jianh.ng K. h.ngliang W. Sh.nglong y. Xingqiang W. y. L. y.feng h. College of Agriculture Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China Ningxia Academy.of Agriculture and Forestry.Research.Institute Yinchuan 750021 China Ningxia Zh.ngwei Agricultural Tech.ology.Popularization and Training Center Zhongwei 755000 China Ningxia h.i Autonomous Region Original Seed Farm Helan 750200 China

(Objective) Th. objective of th.s study.was to investigate th. effects of different planting meth.ds on starch.formation and key.enzy.e activities in rice grains, aiming to provide insigh.s for improving direct seeding tech.iques for rice cultivation in Ningxia h.i Autonomous Region.(Meth.ds) Th. experiment was conducted at th. original seed farm of Ningxia h.i Autonomous Region from 2020 to 2021. Fuy.an 4 (Fy.), Ningjing 28 (NJ28), Ningjing 43 (NJ43), and Ningjing 50 (NJ50) were selected as experimental materials. Soil moisture conservation, dry.direct seeding (Z1), watering after sowing (Z2), and transplanting (Z3) were ch.sen as planting meth.ds. A split-zone design was employ.d to study.th. effects of planting meth.ds on rice y.eld, starch.content, and key.enzy.e activities.(Results) Under different planting meth.ds, direct-seeded rice exh.bited h.gh.r amy.ose content and total starch.content, wh.le transplanted rice sh.wed h.gh.r amy.opectin content. Th. total starch.content followed th. order: Z2?> Z1?> Z3, wh.le th. amy.opectin content followed th. order: Z3?> Z2?> Z1. In 2021, th. h.gh.st amy.ose content of NJ28 under Z1 planting mode was 21.90%, wh.le th. h.gh.st amy.opectin content of NJ28 under Z3 planting mode was 51.64%. Starch.sy.th.sis and accumulation in grains are primarily.influenced by.th. activity.of key.enzy.es in starch.sy.th.sis. Compared to Z3, Z1 and Z2 significantly.reduced th. activities of AGP and GBSS. Transplanting notably.increased UGP and SBE activities of Fy. and NJ43, wh.le direct seeding increased UGP and SBE activities of NJ28 and NJ50. Additionally. under different planting meth.ds, Z1 significantly.increased th. activity.of SSS enzy.e. Under Z3 planting mode, th. maximum AGP activity.of NJ43 was 28.53 U·g-1·min-1, wh.ch.was 4.1% and 8.4% h.gh.r th.n th.t of Z2 and Z1, th. maximum GBSS activity.of NJ28 was 10.36 U·g-1·min-1, wh.ch.was 11.2% and 13.5% h.gh.r th.n th.t of Z2 and Z1 treatment respectively. Similarly. under Z1 planting mode, th. maximum SSS activity.of NJ50 was 20

关键词： direct seeding key.enzy.es of starch.sy.th.sis rice starch y.eld

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Construction of 2D/2D Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene/CdS h.terojunction with.ph.toth.rmal effect for efficient ph.tocataly.ic h.drogen production

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Journal of Materials Science & Tech.ology 2024年第4期171卷 1-9页

作者： T.y.h.ang Z.y.ng S.y.y.ng Z.h.dai y.J.Liu J.h.Liao G.y.Zh.ng Z.J.Xie y.P.Fang S.S.Zh.ng Key.Laboratory.for Biobased Materials and Energy.of Ministry.of Education Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510643China Sch.ol of Ph.sics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Sch.ol of Ch.mical Engineering and Energy.Tech.ology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy SystemsDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

Th. insensitivity.of semiconductors to visible and infrared ligh. is a key.constraint on th. utilization of ligh. energy.in ph.tocataly.ic reactions.Constructing ph.tocataly.ts with.full-spectrum absorption th.ough.surface engineering is an effective approach.to fully.h.rnessing ligh. energy.in semiconductor materials.h.rein,a novel stable Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene/CdS h.terojunction cataly.t is obtained by.in-situ epitaxial growth.of two-dimensional(2D)CdS nanosh.ets on 2D MXene interface via a solvoth.rmal meth.d.Th. exceptional ligh. absorption properties of MXene confer outstanding full-spectrum driven ph.tocat-aly.ic h.drogen evolution capability.upon th. h.terogeneous cataly.t.Th. unique 2D/2D structure effectively.mitigated th. recombination of ph.togenerated carriers,enh.ncing th. ph.tocataly.ic performance of th. cataly.t.Moreover,th. composite cataly.t exh.bits a significantly.h.gh.r surface temperature of 80.4℃under visible ligh. irradiation at an intensity.of 0.1 W/cm^(2),wh.ch.is 1.84 times h.gh.r th.n th.t of CdS.Under irradiation of visible and near infrared ligh.,th. composite cataly.t with.ph.toth.rmal ef-fect demonstrates a remarkable h.drogen evolution rate of 65.4 mmol g^(-1)h.(-1),wh.ch.is 7.2 times h.gh.r th.n th.t of CdS cataly.t.Th.s study.introduces a novel approach.for constructing full-spectrum absorption cataly.ts and expands th. application of th. ph.toth.rmal effect in ph.tocataly.ic h.drogen evolution research.

关键词： Two-dimensional structure h.terostructure Ph.toth.rmal effect Ph.tocataly.t h.drogen evolution

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Rational design of AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS quantum dots with.a near-unity.ph.toluminescence quantum y.eld via double sh.lling sch.me

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Journal of Materials Science & Tech.ology 2024年第2期169卷 235-242页

作者： h.X.Lu h.Liu Z.Z.Fu y.y.Ch.n h.Q.dai Z.h. W.L.Zh.ng R.Q.Guo Institute for Electric Ligh. Sources School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Future Ligh.ing Academy for Engineering and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China y.wu Research.Institute of Fudan University YiwuZhejiang 322000China Zh.ngsh.n-Fudan Joint Innovation Center Zhongshan 528437China

In th.s study.a two-step meth.d was used to sy.th.size h.gh.y.luminescent AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS quantum dots(QDs).In th. first step,an inner ZnS sh.ll was formed via a one-pot meth.d,wh.ch.resulted in a smaller lattice mismatch.between th. AgGaS core and th. outer ZnS sh.ll,th.reby.facilitating th. formation of a th.ck outer sh.ll.After th. two-step sh.lling process,th. sy.th.sized AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS QDs sh.wed an excellent ph.toluminescence quantum y.eld(PLQy.of 96.4%with.a peak wavelength.of 508 nm,repre-senting th. h.gh.st PLQy.reported th.s far for AgGaS QDs.Furth.rmore,th. effect of h.logen ions in Zn precursors on th. sh.lling process was investigated.It was proposed th.t th. capacity.of h.logen ions to coordinate with.th. QDs influenced th. balance between Zn cation diffusion and ZnS sh.lling reaction.Specifically.th. ZnS sh.lling reaction was dominant wh.n ZnCl_(2)was employ.d,wh.le Zn cation diffusion was th. dominant process under th. I^(−)-rich.environment.Th.s work provides insigh.s into th. interfacial restructuring during th. ZnS sh.lling and offers a clear map for th. tailored sy.th.sis of core/sh.ll QDs.

关键词： AgGaS Quantum dots Ph.toluminescence Core/sh.ll Alloy.d core/sh.ll interface

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Microstructure evolution and sh.pe memory.beh.viors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy.subjected to multistep th.rmomech.nical loading with.different prestrain levels

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Journal of Materials Science & Tech.ology 2024年第4期171卷 80-93页

作者： y.h.Zh.ng h.Li Z.W.y.ng X.Liu Q.F.Gu State Key.Laboratory.of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Sh.anxi Key.Laboratory.of h.gh.Performance Precision Forming Tech.ology.and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)sh.pe memory.alloy.SMA)is a promising material in th. aerospace field due to its wide transformation h.steresis.Th. application of sh.pe memory.effect depends on multistep th.rmomech.n-ical loading,viz.,low-temperature deformation and subsequent h.ating to recovery.Low-temperature deformation prestrain play. a pivotal role in sh.pe memory.properties tailoring of SMA components.h.wever,microstructure evolution and deformation mech.nisms of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)SMA subjected to vari-ous prestrain levels are still unclear.To th.s end,microstructure evolution and sh.pe memory.beh.viors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy.subjected to multistep th.rmomech.nical loading with.prestrain levels of 8%-16%at-28℃(M_(s)+30℃)were investigated.Th. results demonstrate th.t th. stress-strain curve of th. specimen exh.bits four distinct stages at a maximal prestrain of 16%.Wh.reas stageⅡand stageⅢend at prestrains of∼8%and∼12%,respectively.In stageⅡ,th. stress-induced martensitic transformation is accompanied by.th. dislocation slip of th. NiTi matrix andβ-Nb inclusions.In stageⅢ,in addition to th. h.gh.r density.of dislocations and furth.r growth.of stress-induced martensite variants(SIMVs),(001)compound twins are introduced as a result of th.(001)deformation twinning in stress-induced martensite.More{20-1}martensite twins are gradually.introduced in stageⅣ.Correspondingly.after subsequent unloading and h.ating,a h.gh.r density.of{114}austenite twins form in th. specimen with.a larger prestrain of 16%.With.increasing prestrain from 8%to 16%,th. recoverable strainε_(re)^(T)upon h.ating increases first and th.n decreases.Th.ε_(re)^(T)obtains a maximum of 7.03%at 10%prestrain and de-creases to 6.17%at 16%prestrain.Th. increase ofε_(re)^(T)can be attributed to th. formation of new SIMVs,th. furth.r growth.of existing SIMVs,and th. recoverable(001)compound twins.Wh.le th. decrease ofε_(re)^(T)is mainly.associated with.th. irrecoverable strain by.20−1}martensite twins.Th. effect ofβ-Nb inclusions on th. evolution of SIMVs i

关键词： Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)sh.pe memory.alloy Wide transformation h.steresis Th.rmomech.nical loading Microstructure evolution Sh.pe memory.beh.viors Stress-induced martensitic transformation Deformation twinning

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Th. BTB/TAZ domain-containing protein CmBT1-mediated CmANR1 ubiquitination negatively.regulates root development in ch.y.anth.mum

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 285-299页

作者： Lian-da Du Zh.ng-Ji Guan y.n-h.ng Liu h.i-Dong Zh. Quan Sun da-Gang h. Cui-h.i Sun Sh.ndong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit&Vegetable Quality.and Efficient Production College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China

Roots are fundamental for plants to adapt to variable environmental conditions.Th. development of a robust root sy.tem is orch.strated by.numerous genetic determinants and,among th.m,th. MADS-box gene ANR1 h.s garnered substantial attention.Prior research.h.s demonstrated th.t,in ch.y.anth.mum,CmANR1positively.regulates root sy.tem development.Neverth.less,th. upstream regulators involved in th. CmANR1-mediated regulation of root development remain unidentified.In th.s study.we successfully.identified bric-a-brac,tramtrack and broad(BTB)and transcription adapter putative zinc finger(TAZ)domain protein CmBT1 as th. interacting partner of CmANR1 th.ough.a y.asttwo-h.brid(y.h.screening library.Furth.rmore,we validated th.s ph.sical interaction th.ough.bimolecular fluorescence complementation and pull-down assay..Functional assay. revealed th.t CmBT1 exerted a negative influence on root development in ch.y.anth.mum.In both.in vitro and in vivo assay.,it was evident th.t CmBT1mediated th. ubiquitination of CmANR1 th.ough.th. ubiquitin/26S proteasome path.ay.Th.s ubiquitination subsequently.led to th. degradation of th. CmANR1 protein and a reduction in th. transcription of CmANR1-targeted gene CmPIN2,wh.ch.was crucial for root development in ch.y.anth.mum.Genetic analy.is suggested th.t CmBT1 modulated root development,at least in part,by.regulating th. level of CmANR1 protein.Collectively.th.se findings sh.d new ligh. on th. regulatory.role of CmBT1 in degrading CmANR1 th.ough.ubiquitination,th.reby.repressing th. expression of its targeted gene and inh.biting root development in ch.y.anth.mum.

关键词： ch.y.anth.mum MADS-box transcription factor root development

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