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Ocean color products retrieval and validation around china coast with MODIS

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第4期29卷 21-27页

作者： SUN Lingt GUO Maohua WANG Xiaomei Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites China Meteorological Administration （LRCVES/CMA） National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China National Satellite Ocean Application Service State Oceanic Administration Beijing 100081 China

Waters along china coast are very turbid with high concentrations of suspended sediment nearly all the time,especially at the Hangzhou Bay,the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary and the shoal along Jiangsu *** these turbid and optically complex waters,the standard MODIS ocean color products tend to have invalid *** the water-leaving radiances in the near-infrared （NIR） are significant resulting from the strong scattering of suspended particles,the standard MODIS atmospheric correction algorithm often gets no results or produces significant *** because of the complex water optical properties,the OC3.model used in the standard MODIS data processing tends to get extremely high chlorophyll-a （Chl-a） *** this paper,we present an atmospheric correction approach using MODIS short wave infrared （SWIR） bands based on the fact that water-leaving radiances are negligible in the SWIR region because of the extreme strong absorption of water even in turbid waters.A regional Chl-a concentration estimation model is also constructed for MODIS from in situ *** algorithms are applied to MODIS Aqua data processing in the china coastal *** situ data collected in the Yellow Sea and the East china Sea in spring and autumn,2003.are used to validate the *** good results have been *** is noted that water-leaving reflectance in the NIR bands are significant in waters along the china coast with high sediment *** satellite derived and in-situ reflectance spectra can match in the turbid waters along china coast,and there is relatively good linear relationship between satellite derived and in-situ *** RMSE value of Rrs（λ） is 0.003. sr ？1 for all the nine ocean color bands （412 to 869 nm）.The satellite-derived Chl-a value is in the reasonable range and the root mean square percentage difference is 46.1%.

关键词： ocean color atmospheric correction chlorophyll-a MODIS china coastal region validation

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Joint exploration of crustal structure in Fuzhou basin and its vicinities by deep seismic reflection and high-resolution refraction as well as wide-angle reflection/refraction

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 925-938页

作者： ZHU Jinfang1, XU Xiwei2, ZHANG Xiankang3. HUANG Zonglin1, CHEN Xiangxiong1, FANG Shengming3. LIU Baojin3. ZHENG Rongzhang2,4 1. Seismological Bureau of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 3.0003.china 2. Institute of Geology,china Earthquake administration,Beijing 100029,china 3. Research center for Exploration Geophysics,china Earthquake administration,Zhengzhou 450002,china 4. State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics,Institute of Geology,china Earthquake administration,Beijing 100029,china Seismological Bureau of Fujian Province Fuzhou 350003 China Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China Research center for Exploration Geophysics China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002 China State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China

The Fuzhou basin and its vicinities are located at the northern end of the southeastern coastal seismic zone of the mainland of china. By the joint explorations of high-resolution seismic refraction and wide-angle reflection/refraction as well as deep seismic reflection in the region, which is the first synthetic profile in china, its fine velocity structure and geometric structure from the ground to Moho discontinuity is obtained. The result shows that the crust is obviously layered with a thickness of about 3. km. Basically, it consists of two parts: upper crust and lower crust. The velocity of the upper crust is 5.9-6.2 km/s in which there is a 3.4-km-thick weak low-velocity layer between the depths of 10-15 km, while the velocity of the lower crust in the range of 6.3.7.2 km/s. There exists a strong velocity gradient layer about 3.km thick above the Moho discontinuity whose velocity increases from 6.5 to 7.27 km/s. There exist high-angle normal faults that are small in size and extend only in the shallow crust. These faults are the secondary developed on the hanging wall of westward dipping low-angle normal faults. Thus, their seismogenic ability is limited, however, there exists a high-angle deep fault in the crust from Changle-Zaoan fault zone to seashore fault zone. This deep fault has cut the interface between the upper and lower crusts and Moho discontinuity, and may be the deep structure to trigger destructive earthquake source in future to affect Fuzhou City. These results have advanced the detecting precision of the deep structure in the southeastern coastal seismic zone of the mainland of china. In the aspect of the combined feature of the deep and shallow extensional structures that consist of the westward dipping low-angle normal faults and secondary normal faults on their hanging walls in the upper crust, it is firstly obtained that a united structural interpretation has deepened the knowledge about the deep dynamic process in the southeastern coasta

关键词： deep seismic reflection high-resolution seismic refraction wide-angle.

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Association between ICU quality and in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients—the ECMO quality improvement action(EQIA)study:a national cohort study in china from 2017 to 2019

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 315-326页

作者： Wei Cheng Jieqing Chen Xudong Ma Jialu Sun Sifa Gao Ye Wang Longxiang Su Lu Wang Wei Du Huaiwu He Yujie Chen Zunzhu Li Qi Li Jianhua Sun Hongbo Luo Jinbang Liu Guangliang Shan Bing Du Yanhong Guo Dawei Liu Chang Yin Xiang Zhou on behalf of the china National Critical Care Quality Control center-the ECMO quality improvement action(EQIA)study Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China Information center Department/Department of Information Management State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100730China Department of Medical administration National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing100044China School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medicine SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China National Institute of Hospital administration National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing100044China 不详

This cohort study was performed to explore the influence of intensive care unit(ICU)quality on in-hospital mortality of veno-venous(V-V)extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)-supported patients in *** study involved all V-V ECMO-supported patients in 3.8 of 1700 tertiary hospitals from 2017 to 2019,using data from the National Clinical Improvement System and china National Critical Care Quality Control *** quality was assessed by quality control indicators and capacity *** the 2563.V-V ECMO-supported patients in 3.8 hospitals,a significant correlation was found between ECMO-related complications and *** reintubation rate within 48 hours after extubation and the total ICU mortality rate were independent risk factors for higher in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients(cutoff:1.5%and 7.0%;95%confidence interval:1.05–1.48 and 1.04–1.45;odds ratios:1.25 and 1.23.P=0.012 and P=0.015,respectively).Meanwhile,the V-V ECMO center volume was a protective factor(cutoff of≥50 cases within the 3.year study period;95%confidence interval:0.57–0.83.odds ratio:0.69,P=0.0001).The subgroup analysis of 864 patients in 11 high-volume centers further strengthened these ***,ICU quality may play an important role in improving the prognosis of V-V ECMO-supported patients.

关键词： veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in-hospital mortality high-volume centers quality control intensive care unit capacity parameters

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Three-year changes of surface albedo of degraded grassland and cropland surfaces in a semiarid area

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第8期53卷 1246-1254页

作者： LIU HuiZhi1↑, TU Gang2,3.& DONG WenJie4 1 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chi- nese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2 Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation System and East Asia Monsoon, china meteorological {3., Changchun 13.062, china 3.Institute of meteorological Science of Jilin Province, Changchun 13.062, china 4 National Climate center, Beijing 100081, china State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation System and East Asia Monsoon China Meteorological Administration Changchun China Institute of meteorological Science of Jilin Province Changchun China National Climate center Beijing China

Diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations of surface albedo of degraded grassland and cropland surfaces at a semiarid area of Tognyu have been investigated based on the continuous three years observational data from 2003.to 2005. The changes of surface albedo with solar elevation angle and soil moisture have been discussed also. It has been found that surface albedo has almost the same diurnal and seasonal variations on degraded grassland and cropland surfaces in the semiarid area, while sur- face albedo is large in winter and small in summer. The diurnal variation of the surface albedo has re- lationship with the weather condition. The diurnal cycle of the surface albedo likes the "U" shape curve in sunny day, while it is low-high after the rain, and high-low after the snow. The surface albedo has large variation in cloudy day, while it has no any variation in overcast day. The large difference of the surface albedo can be 0.04 in winter between two land surfaces, because the snow has large effects on the surface albedo in winter. The rainfall is an important factor in summer on the surface albedo, while the difference of the surface albedo is 0.01 only between two land surfaces. The differences of the surface albedo can also be 0.04 in autumn due to vegetation growing. The seasonal-average surface albeo from 2003.2005 is 0.25, 0.22, 0.24, 0.3. respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter on the degraded grassland surface,while it is 0.25, 0.21, 0.22, 0.3. respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter on the cropland surface. The surface albedo becomes smaller with the increase of solar elevation angle. When the solar elevation angle is greater than 40°, the surface albedo changes very little and tends to be a constant. The surface albedo has negative exponent functions with soil moisture in the growing season.

关键词：半干旱地区表面反照率土壤湿度草地退化

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The deformation pattern and fault rate in the Tianshan Mountains inferred from GPS observations

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第8期51卷 1064-1080页

作者： YANG ShaoMin1,2, LI Jie1,3.& WANG Qi2,1 1 Research center of Space Science and Technology, china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, china 2 Institute of Seismology, china Earthquake administration, Wuhan 43.071, china 3.Earthquake administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 83.011, china 1. Research center of Space Science and Technology China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 2. Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration Wuhan 430071 China 3. Earthquake administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830011 China

Based on GPS measurements conducted from 1992 to 2006, we present the current crustal movement velocity field for approximately 400 sites in the Tianshan Mountains and their adjacent areas, and estimate slip rates on the major faults using a 2-D elastic dislocation model. Our studies show slip rates within the range of 1―4 mm/a on the NW-SE trending strike-slip faults (such as Talas-Fergana fault) in the Tianshan Mountains. We also found the slip rates on the approximately WE-SN trending gently-dipping detachment fault vary from 10―13.mm/a for the southwest Tianshan Mountains to 2―5 mm/a for the eastern Tianshan Mountains, and to 6―12 mm/a for the Kyrgrz Tianshan. The GPS velocity field reveals that the total convergence is not uniformly distributed across the Tianshan Mountains, with 80%―90% of the N-S shortening absorbed along the southern and northern edges, and relatively little deformation accommodated within the interior. This first-order feature of strain pattern is explained best by underthrusting of adjacent blocks beneath the Tianshan Mountains along a basal detachment fault. We found the occurrence of historical M7―8 earthquakes somewhere in the locked ramp that connects the creeping and locking segments of the detachment, thereby resulting in elastic strain concentration and accumulation around it. The elastic strain confined in the upper crustal layer above the detachment ultimately releases through infrequent great earthquakes in the Tianshan Mountains, resulting in considerable folding and faulting at their margins. The Tianshan Mountains propagated outward and rose progressively as a wedge-shaped block.

关键词： Tianshan Mountains GPS slip rates tectonic deformation

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Upper crust structure of eastern A’nyemaqên suture zone: Results of Barkam-Luqu-Gulang deep seismic sounding profile

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第6期20卷 628-640页

作者：张先康Geophysical Exploration center china Earthquake administration 杨卓欣Geophysical Exploration center china Earthquake administration 徐朝繁Geophysical Exploration center china Earthquake administration 潘纪顺Geophysical Exploration center china Earthquake administration 刘志Geophysical Exploration center china Earthquake administration 王夫运Geophysical Exploration center china Earthquake administration 嘉世旭Geophysical Exploration center china Earthquake administration 赵金仁Geophysical Exploration center china Earthquake administration 张成科Geophysical Exploration center china Earthquake administration 孙国伟 Geophysical Exploration center China Earthquake Administration

Barkam-Luqu-Gulang deep seismic sounding profile runs from north of Sichuan Province to south of Gansu Province. It is located at the northeastern edge of Tibetan Plateau and crosses eastern A＇nyemaqên suture zone. The upper crust structures around eastern A＇nyemaqên suture zone and its adjacent area are reconstructed based on the arrival times of refracted Pg and Sg waves by using finite difference method, ray tracing inversion, time-term method and travel-time curve analysis. The results show that the depth variation of basement along profile is very strong as indicated by Pg and Sg waves. The basement rose in Zoigê basin and depressed in eastern A＇nyemaqên suture zone, and it gradually rose again northward and then depressed. The results also indicate that eastern A＇nyemaqên suture zone behaves as inhomogeneous low velocity structures in the upper crust and is inclined to- ward the south. Hoh Sai Hu-Maqên fault, Wudu-Diebu fault and Zhouqu-Liangdang fault are characterized by low velocity distributions with various scales. The distinct variation in basement depth occurred near Hoh Sai Hu-Maqên fault and Zhouqu-Liangdang fault, which are main tectonic boundaries of A＇nyemaqên suture zone. Wudu-Diebu fault, located at the depth variation zone of the basement, possibly has the same deep tectonic background with Zhouqu-Liangdang fault. The strongly depressed basement characterized by low velocity distribution and lateral inhomogeneity in A＇nyemaqên suture zone implies crushed zone features under pinching action.

关键词： eastern A'nyemaqên suture zone deep seismic refraction upper crust structures

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Forecasting the summer rainfall in North china using the year-to-year increment approach

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第4期52卷 532-539页

作者： FAN Ke1, LIN MeiJing1,2 & GAO YuZhong3.1 Nansen-Zhu International Research center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, china 3.Heilongjiang {3. administration, Harbin 15003., china Nansen-Zhu International Research center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Heilongjiang meteorological Administ

A new approach to forecasting the year-to-year increment of rainfall in North china in July-August (JA) is proposed. DY is defined as the difference of a variable between the current year and the preceding year (year-to-year increment). NR denotes the seasonal mean precipitation rate over North china in JA. After analyzing the atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with the DY of NR, five key predictors for the DY of NR have been identified. The prediction model for the DY of NR is established by using multi-linear regression method and the NR is obtained (the current forecasted DY of NR added to the preceding observed NR). The prediction model shows a high correlation coefficient (0.8) between the simulated and the observed DY of NR throughout period 1965-1999, with an average relative root mean square error of 19% for the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North china. The prediction model makes a hindcast for 2000-2007, with an average relative root mean square error of 21% for the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North china. The model reproduces the downward trend of the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North china during 1965-2006. Because the current operational prediction models of the summer precipitation have average forecast scores of 60%-70%, it has been more difficult to forecast the summer rainfall over North china. Thus this new approach for predicting the year-to-year increment of the summer precipitation (and hence the summer precipitation itself) has the potential to significantly improve operational forecasting skill for summer precipitation.

关键词： annual increment North china precipitation prediction prediction skill

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Absolute radiometric calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 72-90页

作者： ZHANG Yong1,2,3. GU Xingfa1,3.4, YU Tao1,3. ZHANG Yuxiang5, CHEN Liangfu1,3. LI Xiaoying1,2,3. LI Xiaowen1,3.& HE Liming6 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, china 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., china 3. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, Beijing 100101, china 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 5. National Satellite meteorological center, Beijing 100081, china 6. State Environmental Protection administration, Beijing 100029, china Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100039 Peoples R China Ctr Natl Spaceborne Demonstrat Beijing 100101 Peoples R China INRA F-84914 Avignon France Natl Satellite Meteorol Ctr Beijing 100081 Peoples R China State Environm Protect Adm Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

Based on the laboratory calibration before launch of CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal infrared channel, the onboard blackbody calibration, the radiometric cross- calibration against TERRA MODIS corresponding channel and the in-flight field calibration at Lake Qinghai: water surface radiometric calibration test site of china on Aug. 17, 2004 are carried out in this research. When making onboard blackbody calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS, it is necessary to understand inside structures and light path in IRMSS camera and receive and process calibration blackbody signals at normal and high temperatures. Onboard blackbody calibration results of each detector are very important to relative radiometric calibration of images processing and absolute radiometric calibration of each detector. In-flight field calibration mainly contains field experiments, obtaining synchronous images, spectrum marching and MODTRAN radiative transmi- ssion computation. Radiometric cross-calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band against TERRA MODIS selected 6 times synchronous images of two sensors passing through Lake Qinghai and Lake Taihu from August to December, 2004 to compute the cross calibration data. Combining the in-flight field calibration and radiometric cross calibration data, the absolute radiometric calibration coefficients are calculated by the linear regression method. This new calibration model can obviously control the radiometric calibration uncertainties aroused by the single point method used in the in-flight calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS, this kind of sensors cannot receive the cosmic background radiation. In this research, the radiometric calibration coefficients obtained through the linear regression model are 8.53.(gain, unit: DN/W m?2sr?1μm?1) and 44.92 (offset, unit: DN).

关键词： CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band in-flight field calibration onboard blackbody calibration cross calibration.

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Relations between Environmental Right for Citizens and the Right to Use Environmental Resources owned by Company and Enterprise

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2005年第3期3卷 61-63页

作者： Li Yinquan china Grain Research and training center, Beijing 100801, china china Grain Research and training center Beijing 100801 China

From angles of administrative law and private law, the article analyzes relations between environmental right for citizens and the right to use environmental resources owned by company and enterprise and points out three principles to balancing two relations: A principle of equal protection, a principle that general interest is superior to special interest as well as taking an account for special interest, in specific circumstances, for example, in the circumstance that clashes between environmental and economic interests can not be avoided, policy makers can put an emphasis on more important social interest according after considering weight of each interest. Finally, the article reaches a conclusion that china should establish system of environmental right for citizens from legislative and administrative levels so that a harmonious society can be constructed with guarantee.

关键词： environmental right for citizens the right to use environmental resources Company and enterprise

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Detection of nighttime sea fog/stratus over the Huang-hai Sea using MTSAT-1R IR data

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第2期28卷 23-35页

作者： GAO Shanhong WU Wei ZHU Leilei FU Gang HUANG Bin Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Shandong Provincial meteorological Institute Jinan 250031 China National meteorological center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

A dual channel difference （DCD） method is applied to detect nighttime sea fog/stratus over the Huanghai Sea using the infrared （IR） data of shortwave （3.5-4.0 μm） and longwave （10.3.11.3.μm） channels from the Multi-functional Transport Satellite （MTSAT）-IR, i.e., shortwave minus longwave brightness temperature difference （SLTD）. Twenty-four sea fog events over the Huanghai Sea during March to July of 2006 and 2007 are chosen to determine a suitable value of SLTD for nighttime sea fog/stratus detection, and it is found that the value of-5.5-2.5℃ can be taken as a criterion. Two case examples of sea fog events are especially demonstrated in detail utilizing the criterion, and the results show that the derived sea fog/stratus coverage is quite reasonable. This coverage information is very helpful to analyze the formation and evolution of sea fog/stratus during night and can provide sea fog researchers with observational evidences for model results verification. However, more efforts are needed to further obtain vertical extent information of sea fog/stratus and attempt to discriminate between sea fog and stratus.

关键词： Huanghai Sea nighttime sea fog MTSAT-1R dual channel difference method

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