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Mechanisms of invasive population establishment and spread of pinewood nematodes in china

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第6期52卷 587-594页

作者： XIE BingYan1,CHENG XinYue2,SHI Juan3,ZHANG QingWen4,DAI ShuMing1,CHENG Fei Xue2 & LUO YouQing3 1 Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of agricultural Sciences,beijing 100081,china 2 beijing Normal university,beijing 100875,china 3 beijing Forestry university,beijing 100083,china 4 Chinese agricultural university,beijing 100094,china 1. Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China 2. beijing Normal university Beijing 100875 China 3. beijing Forestry university Beijing 100083 China 4. Chinese agricultural university Beijing 100094 China

This paper summarizes the results of our study of the pinewood nematode(Bursaphelenchus xylophi-lus).By population genetic analysis,it was determined that there was no genetic bottle caused by the founder effect and genetic drift in the Chinese invasive *** invasions with large amounts of nematodes from different sources led to rich genetic diversity in the invasive *** high genetic diversity in the invasive process may be one of the genetic mechanisms in its successful *** testing interspecies competition,it was shown that,with high fecundity and a strong competitive ability,*** outcompeted the native species *** in the natural ecosystem during the invasion *** displacement may be one of the ecological mechanisms of ***'s *** addition,an unequal interspecific hybridization with intro-gress was in favor of the invasive species which also accelerated the replacement of *** by *** structures,functions and evolutions of a few important genes that are closely related to the ecological adaptation of pinewood nematodes were studied to explore the molecular mechanism of its ecological ***,the resistance and resilience mechanism of the pine ecosystem invaded by pinewood nematodes was also *** results of these studies uncovered a portion of the genetic and ecological mechanisms of PWN's successful invasion and laid a foundation for further study to obtain a comprehensive interpretation of the mechanisms of the nematode *** results also provided a scientific basis for effectively controlling the occurrence and spread of pine wilt disease which is caused by *** aspects requiring further investigation are considered.

关键词： pinewood nematode bioinvasion genetic diversity ecological adaptation resistance resilience

Effects of Seed Maturity of Turf-Type Tall Fescue on the Seed Vigor and the Optimal Harvesting Time

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agricultural Sciences in china 2003年第4期2卷 454-462页

作者： XU Rong and HAN Jian-guoInstitute of Grassland Science, china agricultural university, beijing 100094 , P.R.china Institute of Grassland Science China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 P. R. China

By assay of accelerated aging germination, germination index, vigor index, seedling length, seedling weight, electric conductivity, dehydrogenase activity, ATP content and acid phosphoesterase activity during seed development of turf-type tall fescue, the seed vigor of tall fescue were studied. Combining with seed moisture content and yield, the optimal harvesting time of tall fescue was determined. The results indicated that the seed vigor increased continuously along with seed maturity, and the higher seed vigor was achieved at 19th day after perk anthesis and maintained continuously until 31st day after peak anthesis. At 25th day after peak anthesis, the highest yield of 3 533 kg ha-1 and the good quality of seeds of tall fescue were harvested with 32.19% moisture content. From 22nd to 31st day after peak anthesis, the seed yield of 3 300 kg ha-1 and the good quality seeds of tall fescue were harvested with 40 - 12. 43% moisture content, and the span was the optimal harvesting time.

关键词： Turf-type tall fescue Seed vigor Optimal harvesting time

Isolation and expression of an aquaporin-like gene VfPIP1 in Vicia faba

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第6期15卷 496-501页

作者： CUI Xianghuan, HAO Fushun, CHEN Hui, CAI Jinghui, CHEN Jia and WANG Xuechen*(State Key Laboratory for Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Science, china agricultural university, beijing 100094, china) State Key Laboratory for Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological Science China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

To explore the effects of aquaporins on stomatal movement, we isolated a full length cDNA of aquaporin-like gene VfPIP1 (Vicia faba plasma membrane intrinsic protein gene, GenBank accession number: AY6.7436., which encodes for a 290-amino-acid polypeptide, from Vicia faba leaf epidermis by 5′/3′ RACE (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends). The analyses of VfPIP1 transmembrane regions and amino acid sequence show that VfPIP1 owns six membrane-spanning domains and the special plasma membrane signature sequences GGGANXXXXGY and TGI/TNPARSL/FGAAI/VI/VF/YN, and it should be a member of PIP1 subfamily. The results of in situ hybridization and Northern blot indicate that VfPIP1 is strongly expressed in guard cells and induced by ABA. Hereby, VfPIP1 may be involved in the water-transmembrane movement of guard cells.

关键词： ABA aquaporin gene cloning Vicia faba guard cell.

A Classification of 45 Maize Inbred Lines Used in china with RFLP Markers

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agricultural Sciences in china 2002年第2期1卷 143-148页

作者： HUANG Yi-qin and LI Jian-sheng( National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong agricultural university , Wuhan 430070 National Maize Improvement center of china , china agricultural university, beijing 100094) National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 National Maize Improvement center of china China Agricultural University Beijing 100094

The classification of heterotic groups is essential to maize breeding because knowledge of heterotic groups could be interest to both the combination of outstanding hybrids and the improvement of elite inbred lines. RFLP has provided a powerful tool to assign maize inbred lines into heterotic groups. In this investigation, 45 inbred lines, used widely in south and southwest china, were chosen for RFLP analysis, among which 4 lines came from American, representing different heterotic groups in U.S. corn belt. 54 RFLP core markers covering 10 chromosomes of maize were used. A total DNA of each sample was digested with EcoR I, BamH I and Hind 1. The procedure of RFLP was employed as described by a manual from maize RFLP lab at university of Missouri, Columbia. A total of 86. bands were detected among 45 inbred lines based on RFLP analysis, which were involved in 212 loci. Alleles at each locus ranged from 2 to 9 with an average of 4.06. In total, The 45 inbred lines were classified into 6.heterotic groups according to RFLP data with Ward's method. 3 heterotic groups, including Mol7, B73 and Oh43 respectively, seemed to be the same to U. S. heterotic groups. 21 inbred lines, most of which derived from Chinese local germplasm, were classified together into two heterotic groups, indicating domistic germplasm was different from U. S. germplasm at the molecular level and played an important role in maize hybrid production in china. Two inbred lines from tropic germplasm were assigned in the same group. These results provided useful information for our understanding maize heterotic groups and heterotic patterns in china.

关键词： Maize germplasm RFLP marker Heterotic groups

Responses of plant rhizosphere to atmospheric CO_2 enrichment

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第2期45卷 97-101页

作者： LIN Weihong, ZHANG Fusuo & BAI Kezhi Institule of Bolany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100093, china: Department of Plant Nutrition, china AgriculturaI university, beijing 100094, china Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Plant Nutrition China Agricultural University Beijing China

Plant root growth is generally stimulated under elevated CO2. This will bring more carbon to the below-ground through root death and exudate. This potential increase in below-ground carbon sink may lead to changes in long-term soil sequestration and relationship between host plants and symbions. On the other hand, changes in litter components due to the changes in plant chemical composition may also affect soil processes, such as litter decomposition, soil organic matter sequestration and hetero-nutritional bacteria activities. These issues are discussed.

关键词： CO2 eurichment rhizosphere microorganism.

Can Cadmium Uptake by Chinese Cabbage be Reduced After Growing Cd-Accumulating Rapeseed?

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Pedosphere 2010年第1期20卷 90-95页

作者： SU De-Chun , JIAO Wei-Ping, ZHOU Man and CHEN Xia College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, china agricultural university, beijing 100193 (china) [a] College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 (China)

Rapeseed （Brassica campestris L.）, a Cd-accumulating crop, is effective in reducing plant-available Cd from soil. A pot experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the Cd uptake by Chinese cabbage （Brassica pekinensis Rupr.） grown in rotation with rapeseed would be reduced due to the efficient removal of bioavailable Cd from soil solution by the rapeseed crops. The Cd removal by shoot for the rapeseed cultivar Zhucang Huazi ranged from 0.24% to 0.99% in natural Cd-contaminated soil （soil A） and from 0.6.% to 1.23% in artificial Cd-contaminated soil （soil B） during the growth period of 4 7 weeks; whereas that for the rapeseed cultivar Chuanyou Ⅱ-93 ranged from 0.25% to 0.6.% and from 0.38% to 1.02%, respectively. Chinese cabbage grown in the pots with soil A for five weeks after harvesting rapeseed exhibited a significantly lower Cd concentration compared to that grown in the control pots （uncropped with rapeseed）. However, the rotation of rapeseed did not lower the Cd concentration of Chinese cabbage on soil B. Although an increase of Cd uptake was observed in the rapeseed cultivars with growth time, and the decrease of soil NH4OAc-extractable Cd was found only in the natural rather than artificial Cd-contaminated soil.

关键词： Cd-contaminated soil crop rotation heavy metal phytoremediation plant-available Cd

Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus Infection in Migratory Birds

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中国实验动物学报 2005年第S1期13卷 11-12页

作者： Jinhua Liu et al.College of Veterinary Medicine, china agricultural university, beijing 100094, china.

Soluble expression and characterization of a GFP-fused pea actin isoform (PEAc1)

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Cell Research 2004年第5期14卷 407-414页

作者： Ai Xiao LIU*, Shao Bin ZHANG*, Xiao Jing XU, Dong Tao REN, Guo Qin LIU** State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Science, china agricultural university, beijing 100094, china. State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological Science China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China.

A pea actin isoform PEAc1 with green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion to its C-terminus and His-tag to its N- terminus, was expressed in prokaryotic cells in soluble form, and highly purified with Ni-Chelating SepharoseTM Fast Flow column. The purified fusion protein (PEAc1-GFP) efficiently inhibited DNase I activities before polymerization, and activated the myosin Mg-ATPase activities after polymerization. The PEAc1-GFP also polymerized into green fluorescent filamentous structures with a critical concentration of 0.75 μM. These filamentous structures were labeled by TRITC-phalloidin, a specific agent for staining actin microfilaments, and identified as having 9 nm diameters by negative staining. These results indicated that PEAc1 preserved the essential characteristics of actin even with His-tag and GFP fusion, suggesting a promising potential to use GFP fusion protein in obtainning soluble plant actin isoform to analyze its physical and biochemical properties in vitro. The PEAc1-GFP was also expressed in tobacco BY2 cells, which offers a new pathway for further studying its distribution and function in vivo.

关键词： actin isoform polymerization DNase I inhibition myosin Mg-ATPase activation expression.

Expression of a Modified Cry1Ie Gene in E. coli and in Transgenic Tobacco Confers Resistance to Corn Borer

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第4期36卷 309-313页

作者： Yun-Jun LIU, Fu-Ping SONG1, Kang-Lai HE1, Yuan YUAN, Xiao-Xia ZHANG, Peng GAO, Jian-Hua WANG, and Guo-Ying WANG * State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, National center for Maize Improvement, china agricultural university, beijing 100094, china 1State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, CAAS, beijing 100094, china State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology National Center for Maize Improvement China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094 China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionCAAS Beijing 100094 China

The wild-type Cry1Ie gene from Bacillus thuringiensis was modified for its efficient expression in transgenic plants. Modified Cry1Ie gene (designated as Cry1Iem) was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET28b and its expression in E. coli was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis. Bioassays using crude expression products in E. coli revealed that Cry1Iem protein had a similar toxicity to corn borer as wild-type Cry1Ie. Cry1Iem gene was then inserted downstream of the maize ubiquitin-1 promoter in plant expression vector p3301. Transgenic tobacco plants carrying Cry1Iem showed insecticidal activity against corn borer.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Iem transgenic tobacco insect-resistance