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Pollen limitation and variation in floral longevity in gynodioecious Potentilla tanacetifolia

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第6期49卷 539-545页

作者： 1,2Hong YAO 1Yi-Bo LUO 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,institute of Botany,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093,china) 2(Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China)

Pollination limitation is common in flowering plants and is thought to be a factor driving the evolution of floral *** plasticity of floral longevity to pollination may be an adaptation of plants to pollen ***,this adaptation is less critical in short-lived *** evaluate pollen limitation and the plasticity of floral longevity to pollination in Potentilla tanacetifolia,a gynodioecious herb with short-lived flowers,we analyzed its breeding system,tested sex-differential pollen limitation,and compared variations in floral display size in natural populations in Duolun County,Inner Mongolia,*** pollination experiments and pollinator exclusion treatments revealed that *** is self-compatible and non-autonomously apomictic and shows sex-differential pollen *** plasticity of floral longevity to pollination was observed;the floral duration of female plants was prolonged by approximately 3-4 hours with pollination exclusion ***,the percentage of flowers displayed on female plants during pollination exclusion treatment was significantly higher than that during natural *** natural pollination conditions,the percentage of flowers displayed on female plants was significantly higher than on hermaphrodite ***,approximately 50%of the pollen grains spread out of the anthers of hermaphrodite flowers within 2 h of anthesis;the number of pollen grains adhering to the stigmas of hermaphrodite flowers was significantly higher than that adhering to female flowers when flowers shed their *** results indicate that variation in floral longevity may be an adaptive strategy to pollination conditions for gynodioecious ***.

关键词： floral longevity gynodioecy plasticity pollen limitation Potentilla tanacetifolia.

Recent advances in the data analysis method of functional magnetic resonance imaging and its applications in neuroimaging

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第8期16卷 785-795页

作者： TIAN Jie, YANG Lei and HU Jin (institute of Automation, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china) institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has opened a new area to explore the human brain. The fMRI can reveal the deep insights of spatial and temporal changes underlying a broad range of brain function, such as motor, vision, memory and emotion, all of which are helpful in the clinical investigation. In this paper, we introduce some recent-developed algorithms for fMRI signal detection such as model-driven method (general linear model, deconvolution model, non-linear model, etc. ) and data-driven method (principle component analysis, independent component analysis, self-organization mapping, clustered constrained non-negative matrix factorization, etc. ). We also propose several important applications of neuroimaging and point out their shortcomings and future perspectives.

关键词： fMR1 data analysis neuroimaging.

Electrochemical properties and interfacial reactions of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ nanorods

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2012年第3期22卷 207-212页

作者： Liping Wang, Hong Li, Xuejie Huang institute of physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100190, china institute of physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ which possesses a high voltage of 4.7 V vs. Lit/Li and stable structure has been considered as a promising cathode material for high energy Li-ion batteries. In this study, well-crystallized LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ nanorods with diameter of ～50 nm and length of ～500 nm were synthesized by a hydrothermal-solid state process followed by a lithiation reaction. It delivers ～120 mA h-g 1 discharge capacity under 30 mA g-1 at 3.5-4.9 V, and 90 mA h g-1 at 150 mA g-1. An unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film with thickness 2-10 nm was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The thick and unstable SEI layers are responsible for its low rate performance and low coulombic efficiency during cycling.

关键词： Lithium ion battery high voltage spinel Nanorods Surface reaction

Effects of the grain size distribution on the temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility of magnetite nanoparticles

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第7期53卷 1071-1078页

作者： ZHAO XiangYu1,2 & LIU QingSong1 1 Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory (SKL-LE), institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory (SKL-LE) Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

Magnetite is an important magnetic remanence carrier in natural samples and therefore is of great interest in paleo-, rock-, and environmental magnetism. The magnetic properties of magnetite depend on many factors, e.g., concentration and grain size distribution (GSD). In this study, we theoretically investigated the temperature-dependent susceptibility (TDS) of magnetite nanoparticles with a lognormal GSD. Results show that the TDS is affected highly by the GSD mainly in three aspects. Firstly, the unblocking process becomes smoother with the increase of distribution width, characterizing as a wider Hopkinson peak on the TDS curve. Secondly, the blocking temperature increases with the increase of the median diameter or/and the distribution width. Thirdly, the maximum susceptibility decreases with the increase of distribution width, and has a logarithmic function relation with the standard deviation of the distribution. As a case study, this model was further applied to the thermal products of the chinese loess/paleosol samples to determine the granulometry of newly-formed magnetite upon heating based on TDS curves. The results demonstrate the fidelity and feasibility of this method to determine the GSD of nano-sized magnetic particles.

关键词： Néel theory temperature dependence of susceptibility grain size distribution

Properties of the 3/2^-[521] band in the odd-N rare-earth nuclei

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Science china(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第S1期54卷 37-43页

作者： CHEN Liang1,2, ZHOU XiaoHong1,2, ZHANG YuHu1, ZHANG ShuangQuan3 & ZHU LiHua4 1institute of Modern physics, chinese academy of sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china 2Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 3State Key Laboratory of Nuclear physics and Technology, School of physics, Peking University, beijing 100871, china 4china institute of Atomic energy, beijing 102413, china institute of Modern physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear physics and Technology School of Physics Peking University Beijing China china institute of Atomic energy Beijing China

high-spin states in 161Er have been studied experimentally via the 150Nd(16O, 5n) reaction at a beam energy of 86 MeV. Three rotational bands built on the 5/2+[642], 3/2-[521], and 11/2-[505] configurations have been extended up to high-spin states, and particularly, the α = -1/2 branch of the ground state 3/2-[521] band has been revised significantly. It is found that signature inversion occurs in the 3/2-[521] band after the band crossing in 161Er. The systematics of the signature inversion associated with the 3/2-[521] configuration in the rare-earth region is discussed. The band properties are analyzed within the framework of a triaxial particle-rotor model, and a triaxial deformation is proposed to the 3/2-[521] band.

关键词： high-spin states signature inversion triaxial particle-rotor model

Effect of Li and Ti Additions on Lα(Al)+Mg_2Si Pseudobinary Eutectic Reaction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1997年第6期13卷 487-490页

作者： Shengxu ZHAO Shunpu LI Deqian ZHAO Mingxiang PAN and Xichen CHEN(institute of physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china) institute of physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

Effect of Li and Ti additions on Lα(AI)+Mg2Si pseudobinary eutectic reaction in ternary Al-Mg-Si system has been investigated by thermoanalysis, directional solidification and metallographic techniques in this study. It has been found that Li addition causes decreasing of the volume fraction of Mg2Si, while a little amount of Ti causes to increasing, which is of a great importance to the adjustment of phase constitution and alloy properties. Doping components have little influence on the eutectic temperature.

关键词： Si Al Mg2Si Pseudobinary Eutectic Reaction Effect of Li and Ti Additions on L Li Ti

A Study of Electromagnetic Transition of Δ(1232)Resonance

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Communications in Theoretical physics 2004年第7期 87-89页

作者： DONG Yu-Bing LIU Jian institute of high energy physics, the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china

Point form relativistic dynamics of relativistic quantum mechanics is employed to estimate the photonand electroproduction amplitudes of Δ(1232) *** are compared with the non-relativistic work,and thedifferences betw... 详细信息

关键词： relativistic quantum mechanism point form dynamics

Timing in the Time Domain: Cygnus X-1

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chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2001年第4期1卷 313-332页

作者： Ti-Pei Li (Department of physics and Center for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084 high energy Astrophysics Lab., institute of high energy physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039)E-mail:litp@*** Department of physics and Center for Astrophysics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 High Energy Astrophysics Lab. Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039

Quantities characterizing temporal property, e.g., power density, coherence, and time lag, can be defined and calculated directly in the time domain without using the Fourier transformation. Spectral hardness, variability duration, and correlation between different characteristic quamtities on different time scale can be studied in the time domain as well. The temporal analysis technique in the time domain is a powerful tool, particularly in studying rapid variability on short time scales (or in high frequencies). Results of studying variabilities of X-rays from Cyg X-1 with the analysis technique in the time domain and RXTE data reveal valuable clues to understanding production and propagation processes of X-rays and structure of accretion disk in the black hole system.

关键词： methods: data analysis - stars: individual (Cygnus X-1) - X-rays: stars

Effects of zonal perturbations of sea surface temperature on tropical equilibrium states:A cloud-resolving modeling study

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第4期18卷 413-419页

作者： Xiaopeng Cui , Shouting Gao Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Severe Storms, institute of Atmospheric physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The effects of zonal perturbations of sea surface temperature (SST) on tropical equilibrium states are investigated based on a series of two-dimensional cloud-resolving simulations with imposed zero vertical velocity, constant zonal wind, and a zonal model domain of 768 km. Four experiments with zonal SST perturbations of wavenumbers 1 (C1), 2 (C2), 4 (C3), and 8 (C4) are compared to a control experiment with zonally uniform SST (C0). The 40-day integrations show that the temperatures reach quasi-equilibrium states with dis- tinct differences. C1 and C2 produce warmer equilibrium states whereas C3 and C4 generate colder equilibrium states than C0 does. The heat budgets in the five experiments are analyzed. Compared to C0, less IR cooling over smaller clear-sky regions in C1 and more con- densational heating in C2 are responsible for warmer equilibrium states. A reduced condensational heating leads to the cold equilibrium state in C3. The interaction between convective systems in C4 causes a decrease of condensational heating, which accounts for the cold equilibrium state.

关键词： Tropical equilibrium states Sea surface temperature Zonal perturbation Cloud-resolving modeling study