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chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第24期50卷 2866-2871页

作者： WANG Ninglian key laboratory of Cryosphere and environment, cold and {4. {5. environmental and engineering research institute, chinese academy of Sciences, lanzhou 73000, china institute of Tibetan Plateau research, chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085. china key laboratory of Cryosphere and environment Cold and And Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 73000 China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

By analyses of the dust layers in the Malan ice core from the northern Tibetan Plateau, it was found that dirty ratio in this core might be a good proxy for dust event frequency. The variations in the dirty ratio displayed a de- crease trend over the past 200 years, which implies that dust events became less frequent during the study period. The decrease trend in the variations in dust event frequency might be caused mostly by the natural processes, including increasing precipitation and weakening westerly which might be related with global warming. Furthermore, significant negative correlation was found between the dirty ratio and δ 18O in the Malan ice core. This is highly important for studying the effect of atmospheric dust on climate change.

关键词：青藏高原马伦冰核气候变化扬尘事件发生频率

Variations in air temperature during the last 100 years revealed by δ^(18)O in the Malan ice core from the Tibetan Plateau

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第19期48卷 2134-2138页

作者： WANG Ninglian, YAO Tandong, PU Jianchen, ZHANG Yongliang, SUN Weizhen & WANG Youqing key laboratory of ice core and {4. {5. environment, {4. and arid {5. environmental and engineering research institute, {14.{15. of Sciences, lanzhou 73.000, china key laboratory of ice core and {4. {5. environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences China

By comprehensive analyses, it was found that the variations in d 18O recorded in Malan ice core from theKekexili Region on the Tibetan Plateau could represent thechanges in air temperature during the summer half year (from May to October) over the Kekexili Region and the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The general increase trend in d18O in this ice core during the past century indicated climate warming, and it was estimated that air temperature during the summer half-year rose about 1.2C over there then. However, this ice core record documented that the study area has been cooling while most of the world has been dramatically warming since the late 1970s. A teleconnection was foundbetween the variations in d 18O in the Malan ice core and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Moreover, the variations in d 18O in this ice core were similar to that in the summer half-year air temperature over the southern Tibetan Plateau on thecenturial time scale, but opposite on the multidecadal timescale.

关键词：空气温度 δ^18O 西藏高原全球变暖马伦冰核北大西洋波动气候变化

Sea-salt aerosol transport patterns over the Northern Hemisphere inferred from two subarctic ice core records

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 576-584页

作者： YAN Yuping1,2, KANG Shichang2,3,5. SUN Junying4.5. Paul A. Mayewski2 & QIN Dahe5.1. National Climate Center, china Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 2. Climate Change institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04.69, USA 3. institute of Tibetan Plateau research, {5. academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085. china 4. {5. academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, china 5. key laboratory of ice core and cold regions environment, cold and arid environmental and engineering research institute, {5. academy of Sciences,{15., china 1. National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration 100081 Beijing China 2. Climate Change institute University of Maine 04469 Orono ME USA 3. institute of Tibetan Plateau research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 Beijing China 4. key laboratory of ice core and {4. {5. environment Cold and Arid Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 730000 Lanzhou China 5. chinese academy of Meteorological Sciences 100081 Beijing China

Atmospheric circulation reconstruction based on glaciochemical records requires knowledge of chemical concentration controls, such as source, transport pathway and strength. To gain insight into these processes, the relationships between glaciochemical records from two Northern Hemisphere sites (Mt. Logan in Yukon Territory and 20D in southern Greenland) and instrumental sea level pressure (SLP) series are investigated. Calibrations between Mt. Logan sea-salt sodium (ssNa+) concentration and SLP series show that ssNa+ concentrations are closely correlated with the autumntime (SON) Aleutian Low and the summertime (JJA) North Pacific Subtropical High. Both the deepened Aleutian Low and enhanced North Pacific Sub- tropical High strengthen the transport of sea-salt aerosols from the North Pacific to the Mt. Logan region. Calibrations between 20D ssNa+ concentrations and SLP series indicate that ssNa+ concentrations are closely related to the wintertime (Jan.) icelandic Low. A deepening of the icelandic Low strengthens winter storms and frequent cyclogenesis over the North Atlantic and pushes more sea-salt laden air masses to the Greenland ice sheet. Therefore, ice {4. ssNa+ records from the Mt. Logan region can be considered as a proxy for reconstructing the au- tumntime Aleutian Low and summertime North Pacific Subtropical High, and the ssNa+ records from Greenland ice {4. (20D) may provide a proxy for reconstructing the wintertime icelandic Low.

关键词： sea-salt aerosol, ice core records, sea level pressure, subarctic regions.

Vertical quantitative and dominant population distribution of the bacteria isolated from the Muztagata ice core

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1728-1739页

作者： XIANG Shurong1, YAO Tandong1, 2, AN Lizhe1, 3, WU Guangjian2, XU Baiqing2, MA Xiaojun 3, LI Zhen1, WANG Junxia1 & YU Wusheng1 1. key laboratory of ice core and {4. {5. environment, {4. and arid {5. environmental and engineering research institute, {14. {15. of Sciences, lanzhou 73.000, china 2. institute of Tibetan Plateau research, {14. {15. of Sciences, Beijing 100085. china 3. College of Life Science, {24. University, lanzhou 73.000, china key laboratory of ice core and {4. {5. environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China institute of Tibetan Plateau research chinese academy of Sciences Beijing{4. College of Life Science lanzhou University lanzhou china

Vertical distribution of the main bacteria isolated from the Muztagata ice core (about 22.4.m) was investigated by means of cultivation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The results showed that the amount of culturable bacteria fluctuated with ice core depth, and was more in dirty layer than in clean ice, which suggested the close corresponding relationship between high input of the bacteria deposited by wind and snowflow and dirty layer. Most of the bacteria were psychrophiles and psychrotolerants, including α- and γ-proteobacteria, Cryobacterium psychro-philum, CFB (Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides) group, high-G+C gram-positive bacteria (HGC). Acinetobacter sp. and HGC repeatly occurred in different ice depths, and their quantita-tive distribution was consistent with the change of the total amount of culturable bacteria with depth, which suggested the main bio-indicator; while Flavobacterium, Cryobacterium psychro-philum, and α-proteobacteria, also functioned as a secondary indicator of climatic and environ-mental changes. This study is the first report concerning continuous quantitative variation and pattern of the main culturable bacteria in ice core section.

关键词： Pamirs Plateau, ice core, pattern of bacteria, bio-indicator.

Climatic and environmental changes over the last millennium recorded in the Malan ice core from the northern Tibetan Plateau

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第10期49卷 1079-1089页

作者： WANG Ninglian1,2, YAO Tandong2,1, PU Jianchen1, ZHANG Yongliang1 & SUN Weizhen1 1. key laboratory of Cryosphere and environment, cold and {4. {5. environmental and engineering research institute, chinese academy of Sciences, lanzhou 73.000, china 2. institute of Tibetan Plateau research, chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085. china 1. key laboratory of Cryosphere and environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. institute of Tibetan Plateau research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

In this paper, climatic and environmental changes were reconstructed since 1129A.D. based on the Malan ice core from Hol Xil, the northern Tibetan Plateau. The record of δ 18O in the Malan ice core indicated that the warm-season air temperature variations displayed a general increase trend, the 20th-century warming was within the range of natural climate variability, and the warmest century was the 17th century while the warmest decade was the 1610s, over the entire study period. The “Medieval Warm Epoch” and “Little ice Age” were also reflected by the ice core record. The dust ratio in the Malan ice core is a good proxy for dust event frequency. The 870-year record of the dust ratio showed that dust events occurred much frequently in the 19th century. Comparing the variations of δ 18O and the dust ratio, it is found that there was a strong negative correlation between them on the time scales of 101―102 years. By analyses of all the climatic records of ice cores and tree rings from the northern Tibetan Plateau, it was revealed that dust events were more frequent in the cold and dry periods than in the warm and wet periods.

关键词： the Tibetan Plateau, the Malan ice core, climate changes, dust event frequency.

Temperature variations recovered from tree-rings in the middle Qilian Mountain over the last millennium

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 521-529页

作者： LIU Xiaohong1,2, QIN Dahe1, SHAO Xuemei , CHEN Tuo1 & REN Jiawen12 1. cold and arid regions environmental and {4. {5. institute, chinese academy of Sciences, lanzhou 73.000, china 2. institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources {5., chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, china 1. cold and arid regions environmental and {4. {5. institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 730000 Lanzhou China 2. institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China

Based on the cross-dated tree-ring samples collected from the middle Qilian Moun- tain, a standard ring-width chronology had been developed, which covered the period AD 1000 to 2000. The correlations between the chronology and climatic records from the nearby meteorological stations indicated that temperature was the dominant climatic factor for tree growth at upper timberline, and the most important climatic factor for the tree growth in the area was the mean temperature from previous December to current April. The temperature variations recovered from the ring-width data showed a cold period during the “Little ice Age” and the con- tinuous warming during the twentieth century. Comparison between the ring-width chronology and δ18O records from the Dunde ice core in the Qilian Mountain indicated that there was a con- sistent trend in both time series. A significant correlation existed between our ring-width chro- nology and the Northern Hemispheric temperature, suggesting that the climate changes in the Qilian Mountain were not only driven by regional factors, but also responsive to the global cli- mate.

关键词： middle Qilian Mountain, tree-ring width chronology, temperature variations.

Modeling the Roles of Precipitation Increasing in Glacier Systems Responding to Climate Warming—Taking Xinjiang Glaciated Region as Example

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Journal of Mountain Science 2005年第4期2卷 306-312页

作者： WANG Xin XIE Zichu LIU Shiyin TAO Jianjun HAN Yongshun YANG Yuelong research institute of Geo-spatial Information Science Hunan University of Science ＆ Technology Xiangtan 411201 Hunan China key laboratory of ice core and {4. Region＇s {5. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute CAS Lanzhou 730000 China institute of Resources and environment Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China institute of Tibetan Plateau research CAS Beijing 100029 China

The studies on prediction of climate in Xinjiang almost show that the precipitation would increase in the coming 5. years, although there were surely some uncertainties in precipitation predictions. On the basis of the structure of glacier system and nature of equilibrium line altitude at steady state （ELAo）, a functional model of the glacier system responding to climate changes was established, and it simultaneously involved the rising of summer mean temperature and increasing of mean precipitation. The results from the functional model under the climatic scenarios with temperature increasing rates of 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05.K/year indicated that the precipitation increasing would play an evident role in glacier system responding to climate change： if temperature become 1 ℃ higher, the precipitation would be increased by 10%, which can slow down the glaciers retreating rate in the area by 4.%, accelerate runoff increasing rate by 8 % and depress the ELAo rising gradient by 24.m in northern Xinjiang glacier system where semi-continental glaciers dominate, while it has corresponding values of only 1%, 5.% and 18m respectively in southern Xinjiang glacier system, where extremely continental glaciers dominate.

关键词： Glacier system climate warming precipitation increasing role

Identification of ice Elevation Change of the Shuiguan River No.4.Glacier in the Qilian Mountains,china

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第4期7卷 375-379页

作者： LI Jing LIU Shiyin SHANGGUAN Donghui ZHANG Yinsong State key laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

GPS measurement,an effective method for surveying glacier surface topography,has been applied in some glaciers for many *** Shuiguan River No.4.glacier,a small glacier with its area of 1.84.km2 in 1972,located in the east of the Qilian Mountains,china,was selected to study its ice elevation change using GPS measurement in *** study was conducted on the ablation area with GPS-measured area 0.5.*** ice elevation change of the glacier was obtained by comparing the DEM obtained by a 1:5. 000 topographic map made in 1972 with the DEM by GPS-measured data acquired in *** differences of the two DEMs showed the thinning condition of the glacier was *** mean thinning was 15.8 m with the mean thinning rate of 0.4.±0.22 m a-1 for 1972-2007 in the measurement area,which equaled 0.38±0.20 m yr-1 in water equivalent(w.e.).The prominent thinning occurred on the south part of the glacier,which was the area near the glacier terminus with the maximum thinning of 4.±8 *** the thinning value of 15.8 m for the glacier area below 4.4. m a.s.l.,the wasting ice mass was calculated to be 6.4.3.2×10-3 km3 for 1972-2007,corresponding to 5.7±2.8×10-3 km3 w.e.,which meant that the montane runoff released by the glacier was at least 5.7±2.8×106 m3 between 1972-2007.

关键词： GPS RTK DEM Glacier mass balance Mountane runoff

Grain size record of microparticles in the Muztagata ice core

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第1期49卷 10-17页

作者： WU Guangjian1,2, YAO Tandong1,2, XU Baiqin1,2, LI Zheng2, TIAN Lide1,2, DUAN Keqin2 & WEN Linke2 1. laboratory of environment and Process on Tibetan Plateau, institute of Tibetan Plateau research, {4. {5. of Sciences, Beijing 100085. china 2. key laboratory of Cryosphere and environment, Jointly Established by cold and arid regions {14. and Engi-neering research institute and institute of Tibetan Plateau research, {4. {5. of Sciences and {4. {5. of Meteorological Sciences, china Meteorological Administration,{24., china 1. laboratory of environment and Process on Tibetan Plateau Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 2. key laboratory of Cryosphere and environment Jointly Established by Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute and Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Lanzhou 730000 China

The dust transport and sediment characteristics are discussed based onanalysis of mi-croparticle size and size distribution in the Muztagata ice core at 635. m a.s.I. Thefiner particles with diameter of 1—5.μm are the dominant fraction in number, while middle andcoarse particles mainly contribute to the total volume. The lognormal distribution characteristicscan be seen for some high concentration samples, showing that model size and standard variation aregreater than that in the Greenland ice cores. However, size-volume distribution of some lowconcentration samples is abnormal. Those distributions reflect the dust deposit process in highmountain glaciers at mid-low latitudes and show differences from those in polar ice sheet.

关键词： Muztagata, ice core, microparticle, dust, size distribution.

Distribution of Borehole Temperature at Four High-altitude Alpine Glaciers in Central Asia

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Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第3期6卷 221-227页

作者： LIU Yaping HOU Shugui WANG Yetang SONG Linlin State key laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold andArid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences China Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The distribution of borehole temperature at four high-altitude alpine glaciers was investigated. The result shows that the temperature ranges from -13.4. to -1.84., indicating the glaciers are cold throughout the boreholes. The negative gradient （i.e., the temperature decreasing with the increasing of depth） due to the advection of ice and climate warming, and the negative gradient moving downwards relates to climate warming, are probably responsible for the observed minimum temperature moving to lower depth in boreholes of the Gyabrag glacier and Miaoergou glacier compared to the previously investigated continental ice core borehole temperature in West{4.. The borehole temperature at 10m depth ranges from -8.0℃ in the Gyabrag glacier in the central Himalayas to -12.9℃ in the Tsabagarav glacier in the Altai range. The borehole temperature at 10 m depth is 3-4.degrees higher than the calculated mean annual air temperature on the surface of the glaciers and the higher 10 m depth temperature is mainly caused by the production of latent heat due to melt-water percolation and refreezing. The basal temperature is far below the melting point, indicating that the glaciers are frozen to bedrock. The very low temperature gradients near the bedrock suggest that the influence of geothermal flux and ice flow on basal temperature is very weak. The low temperature and small velocity of ice flow of glaciers are beneficial for preservation of the chemical and isotopic information in ice cores.

关键词： Borehole temperature Glacier CentralAsia Climate warming