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Lithosphere types in North china:Evidence from geology and geophysics

Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1809-1827页

作者： QIU Ruizhao1,2, DENG Jinfu3, ZHOU Su3, LI Jinfa4, XIAO Qinghui1,5. WU Zongxu6 & LIU Cui3 1. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, beijing 100037, china 2. Development and Research Center, china Geological Survey, beijing 100037, china 3. china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china 4. china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china 5. information Center of ministry of land and resources, beijing 100812, china 6. Institute of Geology, State Seismological Bureau, beijing 100029, china 1. Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 2. Development and Research Center China Geological Survey 100037 Beijing China 3. china University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. china University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 5. information Center of ministry of land and resources 100812 Beijing China 6. Institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau 100029 Beijing China

On the basis of the characteristics of geology and geophysics in North china, three types of lithosphere, namely, the cratonic, the orogenic and the rift lithospheres can be classified. In terms of petrological method (based on the information from Precambrian rock assemblages, igneous activities, deep-seated enclaves, etc.) and the relationship between seismic velocity and rock compositions, the crust-mantle petrological and chemical structure models can be set up. Researching results indicate that the geology and geophysics of North china platform bears the similar characteristics in comparison with those of the global typical cratons. The Eerduosi(Ordos) block located in the west of the North china Platform is a remnant of cratonic lithosphere after the North china platform had undergone “activation” in Mesozoic and “reconstruction” in Cenozoic times. The continental crust consists mainly of TTG rock assemblage while the subcontinental lithosphere mantle mainly consists of strongly depleted harzburgite. The craton was finally formed in late Archaean and early Proterozoic, and has been kept in stability up to present; its crustal-mantle petrological structures of lithosphere can be set up as a reference for the study of North china craton and even Sino-Korean craton. In the Mesozoic period, the middle and east areas of North china platform were activated in the Yanshanian orogenic process, the continental crust was reformed by material and heat-transfer of convective mantle and the original crustal TTG component was reconstructed to be granitic crust, and the subcontinental lithosphere man- tle was replaced by the Yanshanian harzburgite-lherzolite. The Yanshan-Taihang Mountains were the remnants of orogenic lithosphere after the rifting in eastern North china in Cenozoic. The present thickness of continental crust and lithosphere in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains is not equal to their thickness during the Yanshanian orogenic movement because they had undergone the

关键词： lithospheric types,evidence of geology and geophysics,crust-mantle petrological structure,deep process

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Age of Yingfeng rapakivi granite pluton on the north flank of Qaidam and its geological significance

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第4期47卷 357-365页

作者： XIAO Qinghui1,2, LU Xinxiang1,3, WANG Fei4, SUN Yangui5. WEI Xiangdong3 & XING Zuoyun6 1. Division of Granite Geology, china Geological Survey, Yichang 443003, china 2. information Center of ministry of land and {5., beijing 100812, china 3. Geological Survey of Henan Province and Institute of Geological Research of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 45.05., china 4. Geological Institute, china Seismological Bureau, beijing 100029, china 5. Geological Survey Institute of Qinghai Province, Xining 810032, china 6. china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china Division of Granite Geology China Geological Survey Yichang 443003 China information Center of ministry of land and resources Beijing 100812 China Geological Survey of Henan Province and Institute of Geological Research of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450053 China Geological Institute China Seismological Bureau Beijing 100029 China Geological Survey Institute of Qinghai Province Xining 810032 China china University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

The Yingfeng rapakivi granite on the north flank of Qaidam is a newly discovered Proterozoic rapakivi pluton in china, which was found after the discovery of Shachang rapakivi in Miyun County, beijing and Kuandian rapakivi in Jilin Province. Yingfeng rapakivi pluton is ex-posed on the north side of the suture belt between Qinling-Kunlun orogenic belt and North china plate. U-Pb zircon isotopic dating and Ar-Ar isotopic dating of both hornblende and K-feldspar from the Yingfeng rapakivi granite have been conducted. The results show that the age of (1776±33)Ma at the upper intercept in Concorde diagram represents the age of formation of the plu-ton, whereas the age of (5.6 281) Ma at the lower intercept and Ar-Ar mineral dating of horn-blende and K-feldspar correspond to the age of a later event affecting the pluton, suggesting that Yingfeng pluton has ever been affected by strong regional Caledonian-Hercynian tectonic movement after its formation. The discovery of middle Proterozoic Yingfeng rapakivi granite pro-vides a petrologic evidence for the timing of cratonization of both the continental crust basement in western china and the basement of the North china plate and for a rifting event taking place in the mid-Proterozoic, suggesting that an amalgamation of ancient china continents had ever happened during the L liang Movement?between the early Proterozoic and the mid-Proterozoic.

关键词： rapakivi, U-Pb dating, Ar-Ar dating, Kunlun-Qinling orogenic belt.

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Southeastern extension of the Red River fault zone (RRFZ) and its tectonic evolution significance in western South china Sea

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第8期49卷 839-850页

作者： LIU Baoming1,2,3, XIA Bin1, LI Xuxuan1,3, ZHANG Minqiang1,3, NIU Binhua2, ZHONG Lifeng1, JIN Qinghuan1,4 & JI Shaocheng1,5.1. Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology and resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 5.0640, china 2. china University of Geosciences (beijing), beijing 100083, china 3. Research Center of Science & Technology Department, CNOOC, beijing 100027, china 4. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, ministry of land & resources, Guangzhou 5.0075. china 5. Ecole Polytechnique Montreal, H3C3A7, Canada 1. Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology and resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China 2. china University of Geosciences (beijing) Beijing 100083 China 3. Research Center of Science & Technology Department CNOOC Beijing 100027 China 4. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Ministry of Land & Resources Guangzhou 510075 China 5. Ecole Polytechnique Montreal H3C3A7 Canada

Recent geophysical surveys and basin modeling suggest that the No.1 fault in the Ying- gehai basin (YGHB) is the seaward elongation of the Red River fault zone (RRFZ) in the South china Sea (SCS). The RRFZ, which separates the South china and Indochina block, extends first along the Yuedong fault, offshore of Vietnam, and then continues southward and breaks off into two branches: the Lupar fault and the Tinjia fault. The southern extension of the Lupar fault dies out beneath the NW Borneo while the Tinjia fault extends southeast and reaches the Brunei-Sabah area. According to the gravity and geomagnetic data, and the tectonic evolution of the basins, there are different evolution histories between the Wan’an basin (WAB) and the basins in the Nansha block. The Tinjia fault may be the boundary between the Balingian block and the Nansha block. Hence, the line linking the Yue- dong fault and the Tinjia fault, which both are continental margin faults and strike-slip ones in the geological evolution histories, constitute the boundary between the Indochina and Nansha block. The Lupar fault, in contrast, is an intraplate fault within the Indochina block. The results provide new hints for reconstructing the tectonic evolution history of the RRFZ and the opening of the SCS, and also a framework for hydrocarbon prospecting in the region.

关键词： Red River fault zone, tectonic evolution, fault, extension, western South china Sea.

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land cover changes based on plant successions: Deforestation, rehabilitation and degeneration of forest in the upper Dadu River watershed

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2214-2230页

作者： YAN Jianzhong1,2,3, ZHANG Yili1, BAI Wanqi1, LIU Yanhua4, BAO Weikai5. LIU Linshan1, 2 & ZHENG Du1 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, china 3. College of resources and Environment, Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing 400716, china 4. The ministry of Science and Technology, P. C. china, beijing 100862, china 5. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, china 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China 3. College of resources and Environment Southwest Agricultural University 400716 Chongqing China 4. The ministry of Science and Technology P. C. China 100862 Beijing China 5. Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences 610041 Chengdu China

To link regional land use/cover changes with environmental effects, land cover changes are required to reflect vegetation successions, whereas the land cover classification systems commonly used nowadays cannot serve this purpose. In this paper, a new land cover classification system is established in which land covers are classified by the vegetation succes-sions, taking Zamtang County, Barkam County and Jinchuan County in the upper Dadu River watershed as a study area. Using multi-temporal remote sensing images, the land cover data of 1967, 1986 and 2000 are obtained by means of integration of unsupervised classification and visual interpretation methods. The database facilitates the study of land use/cover changes, en-vironmental effects and ecological construction. land cover changes reflect the main ecological processes in the upper Dadu River watershed. The landscape composed mainly of grasslands, wildwoods and alpine scrubs in 1967 was changed to that of grasslands, secondary forests, al-pine scrubs, fragmentary wildwoods, artificial forests, secondary scrubs in 2000, meanwhile, the landscape got more fragmentized. The total area of the forests decreased by 9.43%. Study results have shown the process of restoration of logged areas in forest centers. From 1967 to 2000, only 6.86 percents of logged areas were converted to shrubs, meadows or crop-lands, and the rest were converted into artificial forests or secondary forests. So the ecological shelter functions will be restored, stage by stage. Firewood collection, charcoal production and overgrazing are the three major triggers for the extensive degradation of alpine oak forests, Sa-bina tibetica forests and meadows. The arid valley grasslands expanded too. The degradation of vegetation in the southern slopes impairs ecological shelter functions and affects livelihood of local residents, so it is essential to find effective measures for ecological restoration and recon-struction. Field investigations have found

关键词： land use/cover classification, upper Dadu River watershed, vegetation successions, GIS, RS.

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Implementation of a multiple round quantum dense coding using nuclear magnetic resonance

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第6期48卷 706-715页

作者： ZHANG Jingfu1, XIE Jingyi2, WANG Chuan1, DENG Zhiwei3, LU Zhiheng4, & LONG Guilu1,5.1. Key Laboratory For Quantum information and Measurements of MOE, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084,china 2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875.{5. 3. Testing and Analytical Center, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875.china 4. Department of Physics, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875.{5. 5. Key Laboratory For atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084,china 1. Key Laboratory For Quantum information and Measurements of MOE Department of Physics Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China 2. Department of Materials science and Engineering Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 3. Testing and Analytical Center Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 4. Department of Physics Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 5. Key Laboratory For Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China

A multiple round quantum dense coding scheme based on the quantum phase estimation algorithm is proposed and implemented in a three qubit nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computer. Using an m + 1 qubit system, Bob can transmit one of 2m+1 messages to Alice, through manipulating only one qubit and exchanging it between Alice and Bob for m rounds. The information capacity is enhanced to m + 1 bits as compared to m bits in a classical scheme. The scheme has been demonstrated in NMR system, and the experimental results show a good agreement between theory and experiment.

关键词： quantum dense coding, multiple round, nuclear magnetic resorance

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land Use of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the Effect on Its landscape Pattern in the Recent 5. Years

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2006年第4期11卷 910-914页

作者： HUANG Zhiqin 1,2,3 , ZHOU Wancun 1 ,ZHOU Jieming 4 , ZHU Mingcang 3,5.1. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, china 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china 3. Sichuan Institute of land Resource Management, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan , china 4. Department of {5. and Environment Science, Sichuan Normal University , Chengdu 610061, Sichuan, china 5. College of information Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 61005., Sichuan, china Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu Sichuan China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Sichuan Institute of land Resource Management Chengdu Sichuan China Department of resources and Environment Science Sichuan Normal University Chengdu Sichuan China College of information Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu Sichuan China

The paper makes detailed analysis on the changing processes of the main types of land use in Three Gorges Reservoir Area through the techniques of RS （Remote Sense） and GIS （Geography information System）. Based on the theory of landscape ecology, many types of landscape pattern indexes are calculated and made correlation analysis. The results indicate that： in 1995.the ecological environment of Three Gorges Reservoir Area was the most vulnerable in the recent 5. years, but resumed in 2002; the landscape pattern diversity index, fractal dimension index and fragmentation index has close correlation with the area of land use/cover change （LUCC）. The research also releases that the increase of the cultivated land, grassland and construction land deteriorates the landscape ecological pattern, while the increase of forest land area will help restore the landscape ecological pattern to its original state. The rapid change of grassland is an important index of the change of landscape pattern, because it has the most effect on change of landscape pattern index.

关键词： the Three Gorges Reservoir Area land use/cover change landscape pattern.

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The impact of vegetation restoration on erosion-induced sediment yield in the middle Yellow River and management prospect

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第6期48卷 724-741页

作者： CHEN Hao1, ZHOU Jinxing2, CAI Qiangguo1, YUE Zhongqi3, LU Zhongchen4, LIANG Guanglin1& HUANG Jianguo5.1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural resources Re-search, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, beijing 100091, china 3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, china 4. Eco-environmental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100085. china 5. College of resources and Environment, Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing 400716, china Correspondence should be addressed to Chen Hao 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences 100091 Beijing China 3. Department of Civil Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China 4. Eco-environmental Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 Beijing China 5. College of resources and Environment Southwest Agricultural University 400716 Chongqing China

According to the characteristics of water and erosion environments of different natural zones on the Loess Plateau, this paper studies changes of vegetation types, distribution boundaries of forest and grass as well as restoration capacity of vegetation in different natural zones in the middle Yellow River. The annual precipitation of 5.0 mm is the critical annual pre-cipitation for forest and grass distribution in the middle Yellow River. Among the zonal and azonal environmental factors affecting watershed sediment yield, the intermediate diameter D5. (mm) of suspended load and forest coverage (V, %) play the leading role. Of them the effect weight of forest coverage (V, %) on catchments sediment yield is only 3.4% less than the role of the intermediate diameter (D5., mm), they are almost the same. To effectively control soil erosion in semiarid, especially in hilly-gullied areas and make sediment transport modulus reduce to less than 6000 t/km2, it is rather difficult by merely relying on natural restoration of forest. In the process of cultivated land conversion into forest land and grassland, measures suiting local conditions should be adopted in tree species selection and artificial afforestation (grass planting) based on management with biological measures for slopeland and engineering measures for hilly-gullied areas, so that watershed forest coverage in key counties can reach at least over 30%.Compared with the standard period of precipitation prior to the 1960s, with the decrease of an-nual precipitation at various periods, plant productivities decline to different degrees under natural conditions. The main reason accountable for the low survival rate of new seedlings and grass over years is due to precipitation decrease. In light with regression models of annual pre-cipitation and natural vegetation productivities, it is possible to obtain estimated values of wa-tershed natural vegetation productivity and eco-water consumption needed for the restoration to

关键词： vegetation restoration, eco-water requirement, watershed sediment yield, the middle Yellow River.

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Multiparty simultaneous quantum identity authentication with secret sharing

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第3期51卷 321-327页

作者： YANG YuGuang1,2,WEN QiaoYan3 & ZHANG Xing4,5.1 College of Computer Science and Technology,beijing University of Technology,beijing 100022,china 2 State Key Laboratory of information Security (Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences),beijing 100049,china 3 School of Science,beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,beijing 100876,china 4 Institute of Electronic Technology,information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 45.004,china 5.Trusted Computing Laboratory,beijing University of Technology,beijing 100022,china College of Computer Science Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022 China State Key Laboratory of information Security [Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences] Beijing 100049 China School of Science Beijing University of Posts Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China Institute of Electronic Technology Information Engineering University Zhengzhou 450004 China Trusted Computing Laboratory Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022 China

Two multiparty simultaneous quantum identity authentication (MSQIA) protocols based on secret sharing are presented. All the users can be authenticated by a trusted third party (TTP) simultaneously. In the first protocol,the TTP shares a random key K with all the users using quantum secret sharing. The ith share acts as the authentication key of the ith user. When it is necessary to perform MSQIA,the TTP generates a random number R secretly and sends a sequence of single photons encoded with K and R to all the users. According to his share,each user performs the corresponding unitary operations on the single photon sequence sequentially. At last,the TTP can judge whether the impersonator exists. The sec-ond protocol is a modified version with a circular structure. The two protocols can be efficiently used for MSQIA in a network. They are feasible with current technol-ogy.

关键词： quantum identity authentication secret sharing quantum cryptography

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Quick image-processing method of UAV without control points data in earthquake disaster area

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2011年第S3期21卷 523-528页

作者： LI Chang-chun1, ZHANG Guang-sheng1, LEI Tian-jie2, 3, GONG A-du2, 3 1. School of Surveying & land information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 45.000, china 2. Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, ministry of Education, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875. china 3. ministry of Civil Affairs/ministry of Education of china Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875. china [a] School of Surveying & land information Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454000 China [b] Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster Ministry of Education Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China [c] ministry of Civil Affairs/ministry of Education of china Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The methods of unmanned aerial vehicles images splicing rapidly and rectifying without control points data, only using auxiliary data recorded by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system, were researched. Two algorithms were proposed, including UAV images auto- splicing rapidly after image blocking and UAV images rectifying based on pseudo center points of auxiliary data. When SIFT algorithm for UAV images splicing is applied, the accuracy is very high, but the efficiency is very low. The splicing efficiency is improved greatly based on SIFT algorithm after image blocking. The results show that rectifying accuracy is very high and has no visual dislocation when pseudo center points of auxiliary data is applied.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicles SIFT algorithm blocking quickly splicing rectification

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Applying a GIS-based model to collect information on agricultural land-use change in beijing

Applying a GIS-based model to collect information on agricul...

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The First International Conference on Computers and Computing Technologies in Agriculture

作者： XIAOGANG CUI~(1 2) TAILAI YAN~1 DEHAI ZHU~(1 2) FANGQU NIU~(1 2) XIAODONG ZHANG~(1 2 *) 1 College of information and Electronic Engineering china Agricultural University beijing 100083 PR china 2 College of Resource and Environment china Agricultural University beijing 100094 PR china

＜正＞Agricultural land use in suburban beijing has changed dramatically in the last decade. This paper utilised unique,county-level spatial inventory datasets of land use in 1993 and 2004 to better quantify spatial configuration changes of main agricultural land-use types in the suburban counties of beijing.A revised centroid model was applied to explicitly capture,analyse and visualise centroidal coordinates of land-use types in six typical suburban counties（samples） by geographic information system（GIS）.Obvious displacements of corresponding centroids of agricultural land-use types in the samples demonstrates that configurations of agricultural land use have been destroyed in different parts of suburban ***, some typical patterns are explored according to the direction of displacement,which is driven mainly by urbanisation,topography,economic development and land-use ***-use policies are shown to play more direct roles in spatial configuration changes of agricultural land use than other factors. It can be concluded that agricultural land-use configuration in suburban beijing is affected by land resource balance among economic development, grain production and ecological protection.

关键词： agricultural land use centroid model GIS spatial configuration suburban beijing

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