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Environmental archaeology of the Dachang region in the Daning Valley,the Three Gorges reservoir region of the Yangtze River,China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第S1期53卷 140-152页

作者： ZHANG Yun 1 &ZHU Cheng 2.1 State key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of {2.,Beijing 100093, China 2.3},nanjing university,nanjing 2.0093,China 1. State key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China 2. school of geographic and oceanographic sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

Environmental archaeology of archaeological sites on both sides of the Dachang section in the Daning River,the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River,shows that riverbed evolution has a great influence on the distribution of archaeological sites during the prehistorical and historical period,and it restricts human activity and the development of ancient *** investigation,dating data,paleocurrent analysis of 100 gravels on the riverbed and archaeological excavation reveal that the riverbed of the Dachang section developed in the Shuangyantang region during the early stage,after about 30 kaBP it shifted westward gradually and reached the present *** with the westward shift,the focus of ancient culture changed for several *** the Western Zhou Dynasty's period,the east riverbank of the Daning River was the main residential *** the Han Dynasty,along with the westward shift,the living space of ancient people was no longer confined to the east riverbank and the focus of culture moved *** the Zhangjiawan site became the main dwelling *** the late Han Dynasty, the villages were flooded and the ancients had to immigrate to a high *** of the Han and the Jin Dynasties outcropped on the flood plain of the east bank because their surface sediments were eroded by several flood events and the westward shift of the riverbed.

关键词： the Daning River environmental archaeology the Shuangyantang site the Zhangjiawan site tombs of the Han and the Jin Dynasties

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Spatial distribution of 10m firn temperature in the Antarctic Ice Sheet

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Science China Earth sciences 2011年第5期54卷 655-666页

作者： WANG YeTang1,3 & HOU ShuGui2.3 1 Shandong Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Yantai 2.4006,China 2.MOE,key laboratory for {2. and Island {2.,school of geographic and oceanographic sciences,nanjing university,nanjing 2.0093,China 3State key laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China 1. Shandong Marine Fisheries Research Institute Yantai 264006 China3. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China2. MOE Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

A database of Antarctic 10 m firn temperature was constructed using available borehole temperature measurements with data quality control to extend knowledge of Antarctic climate. Slopes from a high-resolution digital elevation model and the main ice divide were used to delineate main drainage sectors across Antarctica. In each drainage sector, a quantitative relationship between temperature and latitude, longitude and altitude was established using available tim temperature data. Quantitative relationships incorporating other factors affecting Antarctic air temperature such as atmospheric circulation and small-scale to- pography were used to derive a 10-km resolution grid map of surface temperature. The resulting temperature patterns presented a reasonable depiction of both large and small-scale variations in Antarctic 10 m firn temperature. This map is useful for many spatial variation studies, Antarctic ice sheet models, and comparison with satellite-derived temperature data and outputs of atmospheric general circulation models.

关键词： Antarctica 10 m firn temperature spatial distribution

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Paddy Soil Stability and Mechanical Properties as Affected by Long-Term Application of Chemical Fertilizer and Animal Manure in Subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2007年第5期17卷 568-579页

作者： LI Jiang-Tao ZHANG Bin school of geographic and{2. sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 （China） Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China）

Wet stability, penetration resistance （PR）, and tensile strength （TS） of paddy soils under a fertilization experiment for 2. years were determined to elucidate the function of soil organic matter in paddy soil stabilization. The treatments included no fertilization （CK）, normal chemical fertilization （NPK）, double the NPK application rates （2.PK）, and NPK mixed with organic manure （NPK＋OM）. Compared with CK, Fertilization increased soil organic carbon （SOC） and soil porosity. The results of soil aggregate fragmentation degree （SAFD） showed that fast wetting by water was the key fragmentation mechanism. Among the treatments, the NPK＋OM treatment had the largest size of water-stable aggregates and greatest normal mean weight diameter （NMWD）（P ≤ 0.05）, but the lowest PR and TS in both cultivated horizon （Ap） and plow pan. The CK and 2.PK treatments were measured with PR 〉 2.0 MPa and friability index 〈 0.2., respectively, in the Ap horizon, suggesting that the soils was mechanically unfavourable to root growth and tillage. In the plow pan, the fertilization treatments had greater TS and PR than in CK. TS and PR of the tested soil aggregates were negatively correlated to SOC content and soil porosity. This study suggested that chemical fertilization could cause deterioration of mechanical properties while application of organic manure could improve soil stability and mechanical properties.

关键词： soil aggregate stability chemical fertilization organic matter penetration resistance tensile strength

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A new interpolation method for Antarctic surface temperature

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第12期19卷 1843-1849页

作者： Yetang Wang~(a,b),Shugui Hou~(b,c,*) a Monitoring Centre of Ocean Environment of Shandong Province,Yantai 2.4006,China b State key laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of {2.,Lanzhou 73000,China c MOE,key laboratory for coast and Island development,school of geographic and oceanographic {2.,nanjing {{12.,nanjing 2.0093,China [a]Monitoring Centre of Ocean Environment of Shandong Province Yantai 264006 China [b]State key laboratory of Cryospheric Science Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 73000 China [c]MOE Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

We propose a new methodology for the spatial interpolation of annual mean temperature into a regular grid with a geographic resolution of 0.01°for Antarctica by applying a recent compilation of the Antarctic temperature data.A multiple linear regression model of the dependence of temperature on some geographic parameters(i.e.,latitude,longitude,and elevation) is proposed empirically,and the kriging method is used to determine the spatial distribution of regional and local deviations from the temperature calculated from the multiple linear regression *** modeled value and residual grids are combined to derive a high-resolution map of surface air temperature. The performance of our new methodology is superior to a variety of benchmark methods(e.g.,inverse distance weighting,kriging, and spline methods) via cross-validation *** simulation resembles well with those distinct spatial features of surface temperature,such as the decrease in annual mean surface temperature with increasing latitude and the distance away from the{2. line; and it also reveals the complex topographic effects on the spatial distribution of surface temperature.

关键词： Surface temperature DEM Antarctica

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Helium isotope investigation on magnetic reversal boundaries of loess-paleosol sequence at Luochuan, central Chinese Loess Plateau

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第17期52卷 2407-2412页

作者： DU XueQing1,6, WANG YongHong2. REN JianGuo3, YE XianRen4 & LU HuaYu5,1 1 State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of {2., Xi’an 710075, China 2.College of Marine Geo{2., Ocean university of China, Qingdao 2.6003, China 3 National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China 4 Lanzhou Research Center for Petroleum and Natural Gas Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of {2., Lanzhou 730000, China 5 key laboratory of coast and Island development, school of geographic and oceanographic sciences, nanjing university,{{12., China 6 Graduate university of Chinese Academy of {2., Beijing 100049, China State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi''an 710075 China

Extraterrestrial particles have higher 3He/4He ratios than those of terrestrial sediments ( > 100 Ra versus < 0.03 Ra, where Ra is the 3He/4He ratio normalized to the atmospheric value of 1.4×10?6). The inter- planetary dust particles (IDPs), which are very rich in 3He, continuously bombard the Earth and can accumulate in deposits. IDPs sedimentation rate changes can significantly influence 3He concentration in the Earth surface sediments. Since IDPs are not easy to detect in terrestrial deposits, measuring helium isotopes is a helpful approach to examine changes in IDPs. Helium concentration and helium isotopic composition magnetic substances and the quartz particles were examined for helium concen- tration and helium isotopic ratio. Results show that the 3He/4He ratio and the 3He concentrations of the magnetic substances are clearly higher than those of the bulk samples and the quartz particles, and, the 3He/4He ratio of the extracted magnetic substances is also higher than that of the average level of the Earth’s crust. The higher helium content in the magnetic fractions can be explained by an influx of IDPs.

关键词：中国黄土高原古土壤氦同位素行星际尘埃颗粒反方向磁化

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The application of geographic information technology to coastal geomorphology

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第5期28卷 49-57页

作者： GUO Wei LI Shuheng ZHU Dakui school of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China Department of Computer sciences Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China Department of Urban and Resources sciences Northwest University Xi＇an 710032 China Faculty of Environmental sciences University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L3G1 Canada key laboratory of {2. ＆ Island {2. of Ministry of Education Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

With the development of modern oceanic observation technologies, coastal survey data have been experiencing a substantial growth. The integration management of the data from different disciplines, different sources and different formats has become a major research field in coastal geomorphology by using geographic Information System （GIS）. This paper puts forward a new methodology framework of GIS techniques in coastal ocean geomorphology, including data acquisition, process, analysis, and representation. It focuses on some major GIS techniques to study the land-ocean interaction mechanism, such as spatial analysis, submarine topography model and three-dimension （3D） visualization, and apply its result to coastal urban planning, harbor site selection and geomorphology environment about coral reef and islands on the continental shelf. The case studies cover the whole coastal ocean to serve the social community, economical development and diplomatic rights for decision-making all round in the coastal zone. The research shows clearly that the application of coastal multi-source geospatial platform has changed the traditional coastal geomorphology science dramatically from its research scope, fields and methods, however, as made clear in this paper, extracting accurate information from remote sensing data and GIS databases for coastal geomorphological applications is a nontrivial challenge that requires the combined knowledge and skills of information scientists and geomorphologists.

关键词： coastal geomorphology geographic information system (GIS) spatial analysis threedimensional visualization

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Sea level variations in the South China Sea inferred from satellite gravity,altimetry,and oceanographic data

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Science China Earth sciences 2012年第10期55卷 1696-1701页

作者： FENG Wei 1,2.ZHONG Min 1,3 & XU HouZe 1,3 1 State key laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics,Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of {2.,Wuhan 430077,China 2.Graduate {2. of Chinese Academy of {2.,Beijing 100049,China 3 Institute of Geophysics,Huazhong {2. of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China 1. State key laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430077 China2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China3. Institute of Geophysics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Sea level variations(SLVs) can be divided into two major components:the steric SLV and the mass-induced *** two components of SLV in the South China Sea(SCS) are studied by using satellite altimetry,GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite gravity,and oceanographic data on annual and inter-annual *** the annual timescale,the geographic distribution of mass-induced SLV's amplitude jointly estimated from altimetry and the ECCO(Estimation of the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean) model agrees very well with that from *** observes obvious seasonal mass-induced SLV in the SCS with annual amplitude of 2.7±0.4 cm,which is consistent with the annual amplitude of 2.7±0.3 cm estimated from the steric-corrected *** the inter-annual timescales,the mean SLV in the SCS shows a large oscillation,which is mainly caused by the steric *** trend of mean SLV inferred from altimetry in the SCS is 5.5±0.7 mm/yr for the period of 1993-2.09,which is significantly higher than the global sea level rise rate of 3.3±0.4 mm/yr in the same *** is no obvious trend signal in the mass-induced SLV detected from GRACE that indicates the water exchange between the SCS and its adjacent seas and land is in balance within the study period.

关键词： altimetry GRACE ECCO the South China Sea sea level variation

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海洋酸化及其对海洋生态系统的影响

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海洋地质前沿 2012年第2期28卷 1-9页

作者：张静张振克张云峰南京大学地理与海洋科学学院海岸海洋科学系南京210093

海洋酸化是2.世纪人类面临的重大环境问题,酸化将对钙化生物造成非常严重的损害,给海洋生态系统带来目前还无法准确评估的影响。海洋酸化是人类强烈干预地球系统背景下的自然过程,是与全球变暖相关的重大全球性环境问题,对人类赖以生存... 详细信息

海洋酸化是2.世纪人类面临的重大环境问题,酸化将对钙化生物造成非常严重的损害,给海洋生态系统带来目前还无法准确评估的影响。海洋酸化是人类强烈干预地球系统背景下的自然过程,是与全球变暖相关的重大全球性环境问题,对人类赖以生存的海洋生态系统的维系和持续利用有着及其深刻的影响。美国、欧盟以及英国等发达国家均在近期加强了对海洋酸化问题的研究,启动多项相关计划。扼要综述了最近10年来海洋酸化对海洋生态系统影响的若干进展。

关键词：海洋酸化海洋生态系统 CO2

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土地整治项目建后管护TOT模式设计

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土地经济研究 2017年第1期 93-108页

作者：梁延文王温鑫南京大学地理与海洋科学学院

土地整治项目建后管护是衔接土地整治项目实施与整治后土地利用的重要环节,是促进土地整治项目持续发挥效益的关键要素。本研究从PPP模式设计的一般流程入手,通过物有所值(VFM)分析和成本收益分析,选取典型项目,围绕TOT模式对土地整治... 详细信息

土地整治项目建后管护是衔接土地整治项目实施与整治后土地利用的重要环节,是促进土地整治项目持续发挥效益的关键要素。本研究从PPP模式设计的一般流程入手,通过物有所值(VFM)分析和成本收益分析,选取典型项目,围绕TOT模式对土地整治项目建后管护进行了设计。取得以下主要研究结果:(1)引入社会资本有利于鼓励创新和绩效导向机制,通过VFM分析,土地整治项目建后管护宜采用TOT模式;(2.通过C-D函数对社会资本最优规模进行估计,成本收益分析表明,在设置特许协议期为15年的条件下,社会资本不能实现收益;(3)为了有效发挥社会资本的作用,政府可以以工程结余资金作为管护基金,实施补贴或奖励机制,保障社会资本收益,提升管护积极性。

关键词：土地整治建后管护 TOT 模式设计金坛

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Molecular identification of bloom-forming species Phaeocystis globosa (Pryninesiophyta) and its dispersal based on rDNA ITS sequence analysis

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第2期22卷 243-254页

作者： ChenYueqin ShaoPeng WangNing ZhouHui QuLianghu LindaK.Medlin keylaboratoryofGeneEngineeringofEducationMinistry BiotechnologyReserachCenterZhongshanUniversityGuangzhou510275China AlfredWegenerInstituteforPolarandMarineResearch Postfach120161Columbusstrasse27525BremerhavenGermany

The colony-forming Phaeocystis species are causative agents of dense bloom occurrences incoastal waters worldwide. It is difficult to separate them because of the different morphologies associated with their colonial stages. In this study we applied molecular approaches to analyze the genetic variation of Phaeocystis globosa and Phaeocystis pouchetii from several geographic regions, and to assist in tracing the dispersal of bloom-forming Phaeocystis species in coastal waters of China. The sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2. of rDNA and the 5. 8S ribosomal RNA gene of Phaeocystis strains were determined. Sequence comparison shows that *** was the most divergent to P. pouchetii, exhibiting sequence divergence higher than 0.08. However, lower genetic divergences existed between strains of P. globosa. The sequence comparison of the Phaeocystis rDNA ITS clearly shows that the species isolated from the southeast coast of China is identified as P. globosa rather than P. cf. pouchetii or other species. Furthermore, the significance of rDNA variation in distinct global populations of P. globosa suggested it might have had sufficient time to accumulate detectable mutations at the rDNA locus, supporting the hypothesis of ancient dispersal of P .globosa to many areas, meaning that P. globosa blooms in the coastal waters of China are endemic rather than a newly introduced species or a foreign source. Finally, based on the high divergent region of rDNA ITS, a pair of species-specific primers for P. globosa were designed, they could be useful to detect the presence of this species in mixed plankton assemblages or flagellate stages that are recognized with diffculties by means of conventional microscopy.

关键词： Genetic variation Phaeocystis globosa Phaeocystis pouchetii population dispersal rDNA ITS

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