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On linking climate to Chinese dynastic change: Spatial and temporal variations of monsoonal rain

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第1期55卷 77-83页

作者： ZHANG DeEr1, LI Hong-Chun2,3. KU Teh-Lung2,4 & LU LongHua5 1 National Climate center, beijing 100081, China 2 department of Earth {3. & Research center of Ocean Environment and Technology, Cheng-Kung university, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, China 3.School of Geographical {3., Southwest university of China, Chongqing 400715, China 4 department of Earth {3., university of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA 5 Chinese Academy of Meteorological {3., beijing 100081, China National Climate center Beijing China department of Earth sciences & Research center of Ocean Environment and Technology Cheng-Kung University Tainan Taiwan China School of Geographical sciences Southwest University of China Chongqing China department of Earth sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles USA Chinese Academy of Meteorological sciences Beijing China

The causal correlation or linkage between the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) intensity and rise/fall of Chinese dynasties recently proposed by high-resolution paleoclimate reconstructions is examined in detail. Aside from many exceptions to the correlation, both instrumental and historical climate records show strong spatial variations of rainfall on annual-to-decadal scales over eastern China. The relationship between rainfall and EAM intensity also exhibits regional disparity. These observations suggest: (1) Tak-ing paleo-proxy records from a single locality in eastern China to imply changes in drought/wetness as to affect the cultural and political history of China is fraught with uncertainty. (2) On annual-to-decadal scales, the thesis that δ18O in speleothems can be used as a proxy for the EAM strength lacks empirical underpinnings.

关键词：古气候重建东亚季风强降雨时空变化中国东部地区连接 EAM 高分辨率

The impact of vegetation restoration on erosion-induced sediment yield in the middle Yellow River and management prospect

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Science China Earth sciences 2005年第6期48卷 724-741页

作者： CHEN Hao1, ZHOU Jinxing2, CAI Qiangguo1, YUE Zhongqi3. LU Zhongchen4, LIANG Guanglin1& HUANG Jianguo5 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Re-search, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, China 2. Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry sciences, beijing 100091, China 3. department of Civil Engineering, university of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 4. Eco-environmental Research center, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100085, China 5. College of Resources and Environment, Southwest Agricultural university, Chongqing 400716, China Correspondence should be addressed to Chen Hao 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences 100091 Beijing China 3. department of Civil Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China 4. Eco-environmental Research center Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 Beijing China 5. College of Resources and Environment Southwest Agricultural University 400716 Chongqing China

According to the characteristics of water and erosion environments of different natural zones on the Loess Plateau, this paper studies changes of vegetation types, distribution boundaries of forest and grass as well as restoration capacity of vegetation in different natural zones in the middle Yellow River. The annual precipitation of 53. mm is the critical annual pre-cipitation for forest and grass distribution in the middle Yellow River. Among the zonal and azonal environmental factors affecting watershed sediment yield, the intermediate diameter D50 (mm) of suspended load and forest coverage (V, %) play the leading role. Of them the effect weight of forest coverage (V, %) on catchments sediment yield is only 3.4% less than the role of the intermediate diameter (D50, mm), they are almost the same. To effectively control soil erosion in semiarid, especially in hilly-gullied areas and make sediment transport modulus reduce to less than 6000 t/km2, it is rather difficult by merely relying on natural restoration of forest. In the process of cultivated land conversion into forest land and grassland, measures suiting local conditions should be adopted in tree species selection and artificial afforestation (grass planting) based on management with biological measures for slopeland and engineering measures for hilly-gullied areas, so that watershed forest coverage in key counties can reach at least over 3.%.Compared with the standard period of precipitation prior to the 1960s, with the decrease of an-nual precipitation at various periods, plant productivities decline to different degrees under natural conditions. The main reason accountable for the low survival rate of new seedlings and grass over years is due to precipitation decrease. In light with regression models of annual pre-cipitation and natural vegetation productivities, it is possible to obtain estimated values of wa-tershed natural vegetation productivity and eco-water consumption needed for the restoration to

关键词： vegetation restoration, eco-water requirement, watershed sediment yield, the middle Yellow River.

Principle of small target detection for hyperspectral imagery

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Science China Earth sciences 2007年第8期50卷 1225-1231页

作者： GENG XiuRui1,2,3.& ZHAO YongChao2,3.4 1 Research center for Remote Sensing and GIS, department of Geography, beijing Normal {3., beijing 100875, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, China 3.Institute of Erectronics, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100080, China 4 center for for Assessment and Monitoring of Forest and Environmental Resources and Division of Ecosystem sciences {3. of California Berkeley, CA 94720-3.14, USA 1. Research center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 3. Institute of Erectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China 4. center for for Assessment and Monitoring of Forest and Environmental Resources and Division of Ecosystem sciences University of California Berkeley CA 94720-3114 USA

This paper generalizes the progress of algorithms in small target detection for hyperspectral imaging, and finds that whitening the image is the key point of many methods in small target detection. An al-gorithm is presented to detect desired targets by converting large targets into small ones based on the weighted sample autocorrelation matrix.

关键词： hyperspectral whiten target detection

MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

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空间科学学报 1998年第S1期18卷 27-38页

作者： LIU Zhen-xing(center for Space Science and Applied Researeh, The Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100080)PU Zu-yin ({3. of Geophysics, peking university)

Magnetospheric physics has been one of the most active areas in Chinese space research in past two years. The major project "Energy Transport Processes in the Solar-Terrestrial System" (1993.1997) sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation in China (NSFC) has been successfully completed. Prestudies relevant to the key scientific engineering program "Meridian Chain at One Hundred Twenty Degree East Multi-Station and Multi-Instrument Observatory System" have started. A new key project "Study of Auroral Magnetospheric and Ionospheric Physics" (1997-1999) sponsored by the NSFC has begun. The Space Active Experiment Program has been carrying on *** between Chinese and international magnetospheric physicists have proceeded forward. More than 40 papers covering a variety of subjects in the magnetospheric physics were published in Chinese and international academic journals. Most of these works were supported by the NSFC. This report provides a brief summary of aforementioned advances made in China in the past two years.

关键词： Magnetospheric physics Magnetopause Magnetic reconnection Substorm Magnetospheric modeling Magnetospheric waves and instabilities

Potential land for plantation of Jatropha curcas as feedstocks for biodiesel in China

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Science China Earth sciences 2010年第1期53卷 120-127页

作者： WU WeiGuang 1,2,3.HUANG JiKun 1,3.& DENG XiangZheng 1,3.1 Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100101,China 2 {3. of Economics and Management,Zhejiang Forestry university,Linan 3.13.0,China 3.center for Chinese Agricultural Policy,Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100101,China 1. Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China2. Department of Economics and Management Zhejiang Forestry University Linan 311300 China3. Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

As a renewable energy,biofuel has attracted great attention in China and the rest of *** with the national food security,China recently has shifted its biofuel development priority from grain-based to non-grain-based biofuels,including forest-based biodiesel,since *** curcas is one of major biodiesel ***,there is rising debate on availability of land for expanding Jatropha curcas *** overall goal of this paper is to evaluate potential land for Jatropha curcas used as feedstock for biodiesel in *** on remote sensing data on land use,data on meteorological,soil and land slope,and suitable environment for Jatropha curcas plantation,this study uses Agro Ecological Zone method and considers social-economic constraints to evaluate potential suitable land for Jatropha curcas plantation in China's major Jatropha curcas production region,Southwest *** results show that while there are some potential lands to expand Jatropha curcas areas,amount of these lands will hardly meet the government's target for Jatropha curcas-based biodiesels development in the *** may need to reconsider its long-term targets on the development of Jatropha curcas-based biodiesels.

关键词： biodiesel Jatropha curcas potential land suitability evaluation Southwest China

INVOLVEMENT OF ARCUATE NUCLEUS OF HYPOTHALAMUS IN THE ASCENDING PATHWAY FROM PERIAQUEDUCTAL GREY TO NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS SUBSERVING ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECT

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针刺研究 1989年第Z1期 69-70页

作者： Yu Longchuan Han Jisheng department of physiology, beijing {3. university

It was found that the analgesic effect of morphine administered to peri- aqueductal grcy(PAG) of the rabbit was significantly attenuated by β-EP IgGinjected into the nucleus accumbens. This antagonistic effect was totallyabolished by lesioning of the ARH. However, lesioning of ARH showed nosignificant influence on the analgesia produced by intra-PAG-administeredmorphine, nor did it abolish the reversal of morphine analgesia by naloxoneadministered to nucleus accumbens.

关键词： PAG INVOLVEMENT OF ARCUATE NUCLEUS OF HYPOTHALAMUS IN THE ASCENDING PATHWAY FROM PERIAQUEDUCTAL GREY TO NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS SUBSERVING ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECT

TRPC3.is involved in flow- and bradykinin-induced vasodilation in rat small mesenteric arteries

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第8期27卷 981-990页

作者： Cui-ling LIU~(2,4) Yu HUANG~3.Ching-yuen NGAI~3.Yuk-ki LEUNG~3.Xiao-qiang YAO~3.~2department of Pathology,peking university health Science {3.,beijing 100083,China ~3.0} of physiology Faculty of Medicine,the Chinese university of Hong Kong,Hong Kong,China departmentofPathology PekingUniversityHealthScienceCenterBeijing100083China departmentofphysiology FacultyofMedicinetheChineseUniversityofHongKongHongKongChina

Aim:To test the possible involvement of TRPC3.in agonist-induced relaxationand flow-induced vasodilation in rat small mesenteric ***:MaleSprague-Dawley rats were used in the present *** 72 h-treatment ofantisense oligo via tail vein injection,isometric tension and isobaric diametermeasurement were carried out with isolated mesenteric artery segments by usingeither a Pressure Myograph or a Multi Myograph *** [Ca2+]ichanges were measured with a MetaFluor imaging system in response to flow orto 3. nmol/L ***:Immunohistochemical study showed that the72 h-treatment of antisense oligo via tail vein injection markedly decreased theTRPC3.expression in mesenteric arteries,indicating the effectiveness of theantisense *** tension and isobaric diameter measurement showedthat,although the antisense oligo treatment did not affect histamine-,ATP-,andCPA-induced relaxation,it did reduce the magnitude of flow-induced vasodilationby approximately 13. and decreased bradykinin-induced vascular relaxation withits EC50value raised by nearly *** [Ca2+]imeasurement revealedthat treatment of the arteries with antisense oligos significantly attenuated themagnitude of endothelial [Ca2+]irise in response to flow and to 3. nmol/L ***:The results suggest that TRPC3.is involved in flow-and bradykinin-induced vasodilation in rat small mesenteric arteries probably by mediating theCa2+influx into endothelial cells.

关键词： TRPC3 flow-induced vasodilation bradykinin-induced vasodilation antisense oligonucleotides

Continuity in weak topology:higher order linear systems of ODE

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Science China Mathematics 2008年第6期51卷 1036-1058页

作者： ZHANG MeiRong department of Mathematical sciences,Zhou Pei-Yuan center for Applied Mathematics,Tsinghua {3.,beijing 100084,China department of Mathematical sciences Zhou Pei-Yuan Center for Applied Mathematics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

We will introduce a type of Fredholm operators which are shown to have a certain con- tinuity in weak *** this,we will prove that the fundamental matrix solutions of k-th, k≥2,order linear systems of ordinary differential equations are continuous in coefficient matrixes with weak ***,Floquet multipliers and Lyapunov exponents for periodic systems are continuous in weak ***,for the scalar Hill’s equations,Sturm-Liouville eigenvalues, periodic and anti-periodic eigenvalues,and rotation numbers are all continuous in potentials with weak *** results will lead to many interesting variational problems.

关键词： continuity weak topology Fredholm operator linear system Hill’s equation eigenvalue rotation number Lyapunov exponent 3.A3. 3.L40 3.E45 3.D08 58C07 46B50

Study on NDVI-T_s space by combining LAI and evapotranspiration

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第7期49卷 747-754页

作者： HAN Lijuan1,2,3. WANG Pengxin4, YANG Hua1,2,3. LIU Shaomin1,2,3.& WANG Jindi1,2,3.1. Research center for Remote Sensing and GIS, School of Geography, beijing Normal university, beijing 100875, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, beijing 100875, China 3. beijing Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing of Environment and Digital Cities, beijing 100875, China 4. department of Information Management, College of Information and Electronic Engineering, China Agricultural university, beijing 100083, China 1. Research center for Remote Sensing and GIS School of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Beijing 100875 China 3. beijing Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing of Environment and Digital Cities Beijing 100875 China 4. department of Information Management College of Information and Electronic Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China

This paper focuses on interpreting the different spatial relationships between NDVI and Ts, a triangular or a trapezoid, and on analyzing transformation conditions, the physical and ecological meanings of the vegetation index-surface temperature space as well. Further, we use the Tempera-ture-Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) to explain the existent meaning of a triangular space after NDVI reaches its saturated state by employing the relationships between NDVI, LAI and evapotranspiration. The specific relations between NDVI and Ts are useful for describing, validating and updating land surface models.

关键词： NDVI, land surface temperature, evapotranspiration, leave area index.