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Journal of environmental sciences 2009年第12期21卷 1667-1672页

作者： ZHENG Weishuang, FEI Yingheng, HUANG Yi College of environmental sciences and Engineering, Peking university, Beijing 100871, china. College of environmental sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Fungi and their symbionts can alleviate heavy metal stress by exuding soluble proteins and enzymes. This study examined the role of soluble protein and acid phosphatase （APase） exuded by Xerocomus chrysenteron, an ectomycorrhizal fungus, and the seedlings of its symbiont, Chinese pine （Pinus tabulaeformis）, under conditions of excessive Cu and Cd. The growth type showed that this poorly studied ectomycorrhizal fungus was capable of tolerating high concentrations of Cu, and may be useful in phytoremediation. X. chrysenteron grew well at 80 mg/L Cu, and the EC50 for Cd was 17.82 mg/L. X. chrysenteron also showed enhanced exudation of soluble protein in both isolated and inoculated cultivations under the influence of Cu and Cd. Soluble protein exudation, however, differed under Cu and Cd stress in isolates. In mediums containing Cu, soluble protein exudation increased with concentration, but in mediums containing Cd the content of soluble protein increased to a comparable level at all concentrations. This study demonstrated that soluble protein was related to heavy metal tolerance, although the different ions played different roles. While APase activity in exudates of fungi and seedlings decreased under Cu and Cd stress in comparison to the control, the APase activity in seedlings was maintained by inoculation. Thus, X. chrysenteron facilitated the ability of plant to maintain a normal nutrient uptake, and therefore to protect it from heavy metal toxicity.

关键词： soluble protein acid phosphatase exudate Cu, Cd Xerocomus chrysenteron

Evaluation of 10 plant barcodes in Bryophyta (Mosses)

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第1期48卷 36-46页

作者： 1,2 Yan LIU 3 Hai-Fei YAN 4.Tong CAO 3 Xue-Jun GE 1(Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china) 2(Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10004., china) 3(Key laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South china Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510650, china) 4.College of Life & Environment sciences, Shanghai Normal university, Shanghai 200234. china) (Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China) (Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China) (Key laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China) (College of Life & Environment sciences Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 China)

DNA barcoding is a molecular tool that uses a standardized DNA region to identify *** preliminary study reported here is the first attempt to specifically focus on universality and attributes of candidate barcodes across a wide systematic range of *** tested eight previously proposed plant barcoding regions(atpF-atpH, ITS2, matK, psbK-psbI, rbcL, rpoB, rpoC1, and trnH-psbA) and two popular phylogenetic markers(rps4.and trnL-trnF of cpDNA) in 4. moss species and 9 liverwort species, representing half of the orders in moss *** ITS2, rbcL, rpoC1, rps4. trnH-psbA and trnL-trnF regions showed good universality, and therefore the efficacy of these loci as DNA barcodes was further evaluated in 36 mosses and 2 liverworts, each of which included two to three individuals per *** five loci, ***, rpoC1, rps4. trnH-psbA and trnL-trnF, were easy to amplify and sequence and showed significant inter-specific genetic variability, making them potentially useful DNA barcodes for *** best performing single loci were the rbcL and rpoC1 coding *** loci showed equivalent performance and combinations of them did not greatly increase their discrimination *** addition, phylogenies generated from each of the separate regions and multi-locus combinations by using best-fit and Kimura 2-parameter models were compared, but no significant difference was found.

关键词： Bryophyta DNA barcoding rbcL rpoC1 rps4 trnH-psbA trnL-trnF.

Male spike strobiles with Gnetum affinity from the Early Cretaceous in western Liaoning,Northeast china

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第2期47卷 93-102页

作者： 1,2Shuang-Xing GUO 3Jin-Geng SHA 4.i-Zeng BIAN 5Yin-Long QIU 1(Department of Palaeobotany and Palynology,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology,Chinese Academy of sciences,Nanjing 210008,china) 2(laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of sciences,Kunming 650204.china) 3(State Key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of sciences,Nanjing 210008,china) 4.College of Earth sciences,Nanjing university,Nanjing 210093,china) 5(Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology,The university Herbarium,university of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI 4.109-104.,USA) Department of Palaeobotany and Palynology Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 China State Key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China College of Earth sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology The University Herbarium University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109–1048 USA

A fossil with Gnetum affinity was found in the Jianshangou Member(Barremian Age) of the Yixian Formation(Lower Cretaceous Epoch) of the Jehol Group in western Liaoning,northeastern *** single fossil specimen is represented by both elongate-cylindrical male spike strobiles which borne within a nodal bract of cauliflorous *** spike strobiles have apparent nodes,invisible internodes,and numerous verticillate involucral *** microsporangiate units within involucral collars are not *** male spike strobiles with verticillate involucral collars occur exclusively in Gnetum;hence,the fossil strobiles are attributed to a new taxon,Khitania columnispicata gen.& ***.,being closely related to *** general isotopic dating suggests an age of Barremian,ca.125-122 million years(Myr) ago for the Jianshangou *** palaeoecological and palaeoclimatic inference based on the compositions of flora and fauna,and lithological characters of the fossil locality suggests that the fossil plants grew in a subtropical mesophytic forest and under a warmer *** remains of male spike strobiles are the first record of gnetalean *** documents the evolution of the distinct gnetoid morphology and indicates a wider range of distribution of Gnetaceae in the Early Cretaceous than present day.

关键词： biogeography Early Cretaceous Gnetum affinity male spike strobiles northeastern china

Soil Respiration During a Soy bean-Growing Season

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Pedosphere 2006年第2期16卷 192-200页

作者： YANG Lan-Fang CAI Zu-Cong State Key laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China）. School of Resources and environmental Science Hubei University Wuhan 430062 （China） School of environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuahn 430074 （China）

Soil respiration induced by soybean cultivation over its entire growing season and the factors influencing soil respiration were investigated to examine the seasonal pattern of soil respiration induced by soybean cultivation, explore soybean growth and photosynthesis on soil respiration, and determine the temperature dependence on soil respiration. Soil respiration in a pot experiment with and without soybean plants was sampled using the static chamber method and measured using gas chromatograph. Air temperature was a dominant factor controlling soil respiration rate in unplanted soil. Additionally, rhizosphere respiration comprised 62% to 98% of the soil respiration rate in the soybean-planted soil varying with the soybean growth stages. Harvesting aerial parts of soybean plant caused an immediate drop in the soil respiration rate at that stage. After harvesting the aerial parts of the soybean plant, a highly significant correlation between soil respiration rate and air temperature was found at the flowering stage （P 〈 0.01）, the pod stage （P 〈 0.01）, and the seed-filling stage （P 〈 0.05）. Thus, rhizosphere respiration during the soybean-growing period not only made a great contribution to soil respiration, but also determined the seasonal variation pattern of the soll respiration rate.

关键词： photosynthesis rhizosphere soil respiration soybean plant temperature effect

Application of the moist vorticity vector in the analysis of a heavy rainfall event in North china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1457-1465页

作者： Zhao Yu1,2,3, Wang Jianguo4.and Xue Deqiang2(1. laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2. Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Jinan 250031, china 3. Graduate {4. of Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, china 4. Shandong Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Jinan 250031, china) laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory Jinan 250031 China Graduate university Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Shandong Provincial Meteorological Bureau Jinan 250031 China

The moist vorticity vector (MVV), defined as (ζa×▽qv)/ρ introduced by Gao et al. is used to study a heavy rainfall event in North china. The MVV has zonal, meridional and vertical components in a three-dimensional framework. Analysis of domain-mean and mass-integrated quantities shows that the variation of the vertical component of the MVV closely follows the variation of the cloud hydrometeors, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.95, indicating that the vertical component of the MVV is strongly associated with midlatitude convection. Further analysis shows that the vertical component of the MVV reflects the interaction between the horizontal vorticity and the horizontal specific humidity gradient, which can associate dynamic and thermodynamic processes with cloud microphysical processes. Thus, this study can help to understand how the interaction between circulations and clouds aids the development of convection, and the MVV can be used to trace the development and evolution of heavy rainfall.

关键词： moist vorticity vector heavy rainfall modeling study.

Attention and available long-term memory in an activation-based model

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Science china(Life sciences) 2010年第6期53卷 743-752页

作者： LIU ZhaoMin1,GUO ChunYan2,3 & LUO Liang4.1 School of Sociology,china university of Political Science and Law,Beijing 10224.,china 2 Beijing Key laboratory of Learning and Cognition,Department of Psychology,Capital Normal university,Beijing 10004.,china 3 Key laboratory of Mental health,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100101,china 4.State Key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,Beijing Normal university,Beijing 100875,china School of Sociology China University of Political Science and Law Beijing China Beijing Key laboratory of Learning and Cognition Department of Psychology Capital Normal University Beijing China Key laboratory of Mental health Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University Beijing China

The influence of attention on memorizing related items and on available long-term memory (ALTM) was explored,showing that N4.0 of no-memory items was more negative than that of the memory *** results of the category comparison task indicated that information processing under attention-driven in WM determined the availability of related long-term memory,i.e.,specific content,which was formerly concerned or ignored,yielding different indirect semantic priming *** indicate that the orientation of conceptual attention leads the related representations of LTM to diverse activation patterns,supporting the activation-based model.

关键词： activation-based model attention available long-term memory event-related potentials

Thrombin-like enzymes from venom gland of Deinagkistrodon acutus:cDNA cloning,mechanism of diversity and phylogenetic tree construc-tion

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第2期27卷 184-192页

作者： Xiang-dong ZHA~(2,3,7) He-sheng HUANG~(4.7) Li-zhi ZHOU~(2,3) Jing LIU~5 Kang-sen XU~6 ~2School of Life sciences,Anhui university,Hefei 230039,china ~3Anhui Key laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Bio-techniques,Hefei 230039,china ~4.epartment of Pharmacology,Anhui Medical university.Hefei 230022,china ~5School of Life sciences,university of Science and Technology of china,Hefei 230026,china ~6Institute for Control of Pharmaceuticals and Biological Products,Beijing 100050,china School of Life sciences Anhui University Hefei China Anhui Key laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Bio-techniques Hefei China Department of Pharmacology Anhui Medical University Hefei China School of Life sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Institute for Control of Pharmaceuticals and Biological Products Beijing China

Aim:To clone cDNAs of thrombin-like enzymes(TLEs)from venom gland ofDeinagkistrodon acutus and analyze the mechanisms by which their structuraldiversity ***:Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction andgene cloning techniques were used,and the cloned sequences were analyzed byusing bioinformatics ***:Novel cDNAs of snake venom TLEs *** possibilities of post-transcriptional recombination and horizontalgene transfer are discussed.A phylogenetic tree was ***:The cDNAs of snake venom TLEs exhibit great *** are severaltypes of structural *** variations may be attributable to certainmechanisms including recombination.

关键词： thrombin-like enzymes structural diversity RNA recombination phylogenetic tree

Modeling the impact of Australian Plate drift on Southern Hemisphere climate and environment

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第14期50卷 1495-1502页

作者： ZHOU Botao1,5, ZHAO Ping2, JIAN Zhimin3 & HE Jinhai4.1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2. Institute of Climate and Environment, Chinese Academy of Meteoro- logical sciences, Beijing 100081, china 3. {4. of Marine Geology, Tongji university, Shanghai 200092, china 4. Department of Atmospheric sciences, Nanjing Institute of Meteorol- ogy, Nanjing 21004., china 5. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, china Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China Institute of Climate and Environment Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai China Department of Atmospheric sciences Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing China

Using a global atmosphere-ocean coupled model with the present-day and 14.MaB.P. oceanic topogra- phy respectively, two experiments are implemented to inves- tigate the effect of different locations of Australian Plate on the atmospheric circulation in middle-high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The results show that when Austra- lian Plate lay south at 14.MaB.P., both anticyclone circula- tions in the subtropical oceans and cyclone circulation around 60°-70°S are strengthened. Subtropical highs and circumpolar low pressure appear stronger, which results in much stronger Antarctic Oscillation and shorter period of Antarctic Oscillation Index (AOI) at 14.MaB.P. The rainfall and the surface air temperature also change correspondingly. The precipitation decreases around 4.°S and increases around 60°-70°S, and the surface air temperature rises in high latitudes of the South Pacific and descends over the Weddell Sea and its north side. Besides, due to the changes of the temperatures and winds, Antarctic sea ice coverage also changes with its increasing in the Ross Sea and its west re- gions and decreasing in the Weddell Sea.

关键词：半球气候地球环球澳大利亚漂流物海洋地形学

The three-dimensional structure of Infectious flacherie virus capsid determined by cryo-electron microscopy

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Science china(Life sciences) 2009年第12期52卷 1186-1191页

作者： XIE Li1,4. ZHANG QinFen2·, LU XingMeng3, DAI XinHong2, LI KunPeng2, HONG Jian1,4. & ZHOU XuePing11 Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou 310029, china 2 State Key laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life sciences, Sun Yat-Sen university, Guangzhou 510275, china 3 College of Animal sciences, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou 310029, china 4.Center of Analysis and Measurement, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou 310029, china Institute of Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Center of Analysis and Measurement Zhejiang University Hangzhou China State Key laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China College of Animal sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Cryo-electron microscopy and image reconstruction were used to determine the three-dimensional structure of Infectious flacherie virus (IFV). 504. particles were selected for the final reconstruction. The FSC curve showed that the resolution of this capsid structure was 18 ·. The structure is a psuedo T=3 (P=3) icosahedral capsid with a diameter of 302.4.· and a single shell thickness of 15 ·. The density map showed that IFV has a smooth surface without any prominent protrude or depression. Comparison of the IFV structure with those of the insect picorna-like virus-Cricket paralysis virus (CrPV)and human picornavirus-Human rhinovirus 14.(HRV 14. revealed that the IFV structure resembles the CrPV structure. The "Rossmann canyon" is absent in both IFV and CrPV particles. The polypeptide topology of IFV VP2, IFV VP3 was predicted and the subunit location at the capsid surface was further analyzed.

关键词： Infectious flacherie virus cryo-electron microscopy three-dimensional structure polypeptide folding

Role of inositol 1,4.5-trisphosphate receptors in α1-adrenergic receptorinduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第7期27卷 895-900页

作者： Da-li LUO~(2,3,5) Jian GAO~2 Xiao-mei LAN~3 Gang WANG~4.Sheng WEI~4.Rui-ping XIAO~4.Qi-de HAN~32 Department of Pharmacology,School of Chemical Biology & Pharmaceutical sciences,Capital university of Medical sciences,Beijing 100069,china 3 Institute of Cardiovascular Science at {4. Science Center,Peking university Beijing 100083,china 4.Institute of Molecular Medicine and College of Life Science,Peking university,Beijing 100871,china Department of Pharmacology School of Chemical Biology & Pharmaceutical Sciences Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing China Institute of Cardiovascular Science at health Science Center Peking University Beijing China Institute of Molecular Medicine and College of Life Science Peking University Beijing China

Aim:Intracellular Ca2+plays pivotal roles in diverse cellular functions,includinggene transcription that underlies cardiac remodeling during stress ***,the role of inositol 1,4.5-trisphosphate receptors（IP3Rs）in the media-tion of cardiac intracellular Ca2+and hypertrophic growth remains *** with neonatal rat ventricular myocytes suggests that activation of IP3Rsmay be linked to α1adrenergic receptor（α1AR）increased stereotyped Ca2+sparkoccurrence and global Ca2+***,we hypothesized that Ca2+releasethrough IP3Rs was necessary for α1AR-stimulated cardiac ***:We used myoinositol 1,4.5-trisphosphate hexakis（butyryloxymethyl）ester（IP3BM）,a membrane-permeant ester of IP3,to activate IP3Rs directly,and Fluo 4.AM tomeasure intracellular Ca2+***:IP3BM(10μmol·L-1)mimicked theeffects of phenylephrine,a selective agonist of α1AR,in increments in local Ca2+spark release（especially in the perinuclear area）and global Ca2+*** importantly,IP3R inhibitors,2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borateand Xestospongin C,abolished the IP3BM-induced Ca2+responses,and signifi-cantly suppressed α1AR-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy assayed by cellsize,[3H]leucine incorporation and atrial natriuretic factor gene expression,dur-ing sustained（4. h）phenylephrine ***:These results,therefore,provide cellular mechanisms that link IP3R signaling to α1AR-stimulatedgene expression and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

关键词： inositol 1,4.5-trisphosphate receptors Ca2+sparks α1 adrenergic stimulation cardiac hypertrophy