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Hydrocarbon accumulation in network and its application in the continental rift basin

science china Earth sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 88-100页

作者： PANG XiongQi1,2,CHEN DongXia1,ZHANG ShanWen3,HAO Fang1,LIU Zheng1,LIU KeYu3,SONG GuoQi4,WANG YongShi4,LUO XiaoRong5 & WU XiaoChun61 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,chinese University of Petroleum,beijing 102249,china 2 Basin and Reservoir Center,chinese University of Petroleum,beijing 102249,china 3 SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield,Dongying 257051,china 4 CSIRO Petroleum,P. O. Box 1130,Bentley,WA 6102,Australia 5 institute of geology and geophysics,chinese academy of science,beijing 100029,china 6 china National Petroleum Corporation,beijing 100724,china State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting Chinese University of Petroleum Beijing China Basin and Reservoir Center Chinese University of Petroleum Beijing China SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Dongying China CSIRO Petroleum Bentley Australia institute of geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Science Beijing China china National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China

The concept of hydrocarbon accumulation in network was presented on basis of the overall analysis of the formation and evolution characteristics of the continental faulted basin and of the systemic re-search on the major controlling factors on the hydrocarbon accumulation. The hydrocarbon accumu-lation in network can be defined as hydrocarbon accumulation in a three-dimensional network system which is constituted by the hydrocarbon migration passages under multiple dynamics,following the hydrocarbon generation from source rocks. The research shows that the hydrocarbon accumulation in network is composed of four elements,i.e.,hydrocarbon source (source rock kitchen),hydrocarbon accumulation terminal (trap),network pathway connecting source and terminal (transporting system),and network potential driving hydrocarbon migration in the network pathway (migration dynamics). Compared with other networks,hydrocarbon accumulation in network has three basic characteristics: the irreversible geological process of material and information flow in the network; the loss of material and information in the flow process in the network; the multiple dynamics in the flow process. Interac-tion of all the elements in the geological process can be called hydrocarbon accumulation in network. There are three basic models for hydrocarbon accumulation in network,that is,hydrocarbon accumu-lation in the network source area,hydrocarbon accumulation in the network pathway,and hydrocarbon accumulation in the network terminal. The key in the application of the hydrocarbon accumulation models in network in practice is to confirm the major accumulation stage and the function range of the four elements controlling the hydrocarbon firstly,to predict the profitable accumulation region by su-perposition of the favorable areas confirmed by four elements consequently,and to evaluate the oil-bearing property of the trap as well as confirm drilling targets. This paper takes the Dongying De-pression in the

关键词： continental rift basin hydrocarbon accumulation theory hydrocarbon network hydrocarbon accumulation in network Bohai Bay Basin

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CENOZOIC FAULTING ALONG THE SOUTHEASTERN EDGE OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU IN THE YANYUAN AREA AND ITS TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 269-269页

作者： Wang Erchie 1, Burchfiel B. Clark 2[WT5,5”BX](1 institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of science,beijing 100029,china 2 Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary sciences, MIT,Cambridge, MA 02139,UK)

The southeastern edge of the Tibetan plateau is marked by several thrust sheets trending roughly in E\|W direction. The Yanyuan thrust sheet is bounded by three arcuate thrust belts, marked by high mountain ranges with the Jinhe belt on the north, the Qianhe belt on the south and the Ninglang belt on the west. Within the Yanyuan thrust belt are sedimentary cover rocks of the Yangtze platform, with ages ranging from Sinian to Triassic. In the north, the thrust sheet is overlain by the Muli thrust sheet along the Jinhe belt, while in the south, it is underlain by the Kangdian paleoland along the Qianhe belt. The youngest rocks on the foot wall are late Eocene to Oligocene in age, indicating that the thrusting occurred in the late Tertiary. The top of the Yanyuan thrust belt is truncated by a flat erosion surface similar to that on the plateau to the north. Along a north\|dipping normal fault bordering the Yanyuan basin on the south, the erosion surface is tilted to the south against Triassic rocks. The basin is filled with coal\|bearing clastic sediments of Pliocene and early Pleistocene age, which gives the timing of the normal faulting. Based on the faulting pattern, we propose that the southeastern edge of the Tibetan plateau underwent a large amount of N\|S shortening and uplift along the Yanyuan thrust sheet in the late Tertiary, while the subsequent normal faulting that had occurred along the Yanyuan basin during the Pliocene and Pliocene can be interpreted to have accommodated gravitational collapse of the crust.

关键词： southeastern edge of the Tibetan plateau Yanyuan thrust shee t crustal shortening and uplift normal faulting gravitational collapse

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Uncertainty in magnetic activity indices

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science china(Technological sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1659-1664页

作者： XU WenYao institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china institute of geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Magnetic activity indices are widely used in theoretical studies of solar-terrestrial coupling and space weather prediction. However, the indices suffer from various uncertainties, which limit their application and even mislead to incorrect conclu-sion. In this paper we analyze three most popular indices, Kp, AE and Dst. Three categories of uncertainties in magnetic indices are discussed: "data uncertainty" originating from inadequate data processing, "station uncertainty" caused by in-complete station covering, and "physical uncertainty" stemming from unclear physical mechanism. A comparison between magnetic disturbances and related indices indicate that the residual Sq will cause an uncertainty of 1―2 in K meas-urement, the uncertainty in saturated AE is as much as 50%, and the uncertainty in Dst index caused by the partial ring currents is about a half of the partial ring cur-rent.

关键词： magnetic activity indices Kp AE Dst solar-terrestrial coupling space weather

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Landscape evolution and precipitation changes in the Badain Jaran Desert during the last 30 000 years

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chinese science Bulletin 2000年第11期45卷 1042-1047页

作者： YANG Xiaopinginstitute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china institute of geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

On the basis of field expeditions into different parts of the Badain Jaran Desert, new evidence of landscape evolution and precipitation changes during the last 30 000 years has been found from the geomorphological, sedimentological and geochronological studies of the megadune. Different cemented surfaces of palaeo-dunes have been observed in many localities, which are representatives of relatively moister environment. The chronological data show that four periods of more humid environment occurred in the past 30 000 years. The stabilization of dunes in a large scale and the existence of many palaeo-lakes and lacustrine terraces confirm the periodic fluctuations of climate. It implies that the intensity of westerlies and Eastasian monsoons varied in the region of Alashan, and the periods of higher precipitation took place even in the times close to the last glacial maximum.

关键词： desert palaeo-dune lake global change Badain Jaran.

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Fossil bacteria in Xuanlong iron ore deposits of Hebei Province

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science china Earth sciences 2004年第4期47卷 347-356页

作者： DAI Yongding, SONG Haiming & SHEN Jiying institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100029, china institute of geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Discovered in Early Proterozoic Xuanlong iron ore deposits are six genera of fossil iron bacteria, i. e. sphere (coenobium of) rod-shaped (monomer) Naumanniella, ellipsoid elliptical Ochrobium,sphere spherical Siderocapsa and chain spherical Siderococcus, chain rod-shaped Leptothrix and Lieskeella, and six genera of fossil blue bacteria, namely sphere spherical Gloeocapsa, Synechocystis and Globobacter, chain spherical Anabaena and Nostoc, and con-strictive septate tubular Nodularia. The biomineralized monomers and coenobia of the two cate-gories of bacteria, together with hematite plates made up the bacteria pelletal, bacteria silky, bacteria fibrous and clasty bacteria pelletal textural lamina. The bacteria pelletal laminae com-bined with other bacteria laminae to make up oncolite, stromatolite and laminate. The precipita-tion of iron oxide was accelerated due to iron and blue bacteria cohabiting on microbial film or mat. The Xuanlong iron ore deposits are microbial binding ore deposits of ocean source.

关键词： iron and blue bacteria, bacteria textural lamina, microbial ore deposits, Late Early Proterozoic.

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Indosinian Foreland Fold-and-Thrust Belt Bordering Yunnan and Guangxi, china

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2001年第4期75卷 391-397页

作者： WU Genyao institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029 chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

Recent discoveries of ophiolites indicate that there must be a Palaeotethyan geosuture zone bordering china and Vietnam, which separates the Vietbac block from the South china subcontinent. The Indosinian foreland fold-and-thrust belt bordering Yunnan and Guangxi provided further evidence for the palaeotethysides. The oceanic crust was subducted southwestwards while the magmatic arc migrated northeastwards, and the continent-arc collision occurred in the Late Triassic with the thrusting being extended towards the north or northeast. The features of thrust-nappe structure are discussed, which proved the continental margin of the Palaeotethyan ocean there to be a complicated one. A face-to-face collision occurred first along the NW-striking segment and then along the ENE-striking segment accompanied by transpression or oblique thrusting occurring along the NW-striking one.

关键词： thrust-nappe structure foreland fold-and-thrust belt palaeotethysides border between Yunnan and Guangxi

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Reinterpretation of the Guangxian Orogeny

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chinese science Bulletin 2000年第13期45卷 1244-1248页

作者： WU Haoruoinstitute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china institute of geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The Guangxian Orogeny, as an important concept on geology of South china, was created 70 years ago. It is generally regarded as an erogenic movement caused by the convergence of the Cathaysian and Yangtze blocks at the end of Silurian. Based on the recent progress of the geological research on Guangxi and adjacent areas, western Guangxi and Liuzhou-Heshan area of central Guangxi may belong to a stable block of Early Paleozoic. The Guangxian Orogeny originated from the northward translation of the Yunkai Block on its south at the end of Cambrian, and formed the Damingshan-Dayaoshan fold belt between the two blocks. It was possibly related with the Late Pan-African Orogeny. The convergence of the Cathaysian and Yangtze blocks occurred in Late Ordovician to Early Silurian and mainly had effect on Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The term 'Chongyu Orogeny' may be suitable for it. At the end of Silurian orogenic movement did not occur in this area.

关键词： South china tectonics Paleozoic Guangxian Orogeny Yunan Orogeny Chongyu Orogeny.

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δD values of escaped H_2 from hot springs at the Tengchong Rehai geothermal area and its origin

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chinese science Bulletin 2002年第2期47卷 146-149页

作者： SHANGGUAN Zhiguan & HUO Weiguo institute of geology, china Seismological Bureau, beijing 100029, china institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china institute of geology China Seismological Bureau Beijing 100029 China

Here we give the δD values of escaped H2 from hot springs at the Tengchong Rehai and adjacent regions, and deal with a genetic correlation between the increment H2 in escaped gases from middle-shallow reservoirs and the H2S, CH4 derived from deep sources. Isotopic compositions of H2 indicate that the generation of increment H2 may be related to recent strong activity of N-W trending fault at the Rehai area. Trace monitoring the H2 release could be significant in order to keep watch on present activity of that fault.

关键词： Rehai geothermal area hydrogen stable isotopic composition.

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Quantitative Evaluation of the Sea-level Drop at the End-Permian: Based on Reefs

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第1期77卷 95-102页

作者： WU Yasheng and FAN Jiasong institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029 chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

The amplitude of pre-Quaternary sea level drop, H, can be calculated by usingthe formula H = D + To, where To is the original thickness from the top of the tidal deposits onthe reef core to the bottom of the tidal deposits on the reef front, or to the bottom of the ancientmeteoric vadose zone, or to the edge of the mixed-water dolostone zone. The identity and similaritybetween the sea-level drop amplitudes calculated from different reefs far away from each otherindicates that such sea-level changes are eustatic rather than relative changes. Evidence of anend-Permian sea-level drop has been found on the Changxingian (i.e. the end of the Palaeofusulinazone) reefs at Ziyun in South china, including algal laminated deposits, sabkha-related dolostone,desiccation cracks, dissolution collapse breccia. According to calculation based on the meteoricdissolution zone of the reef-core sequence at Ziyun, Guizhou province, the amplitude of thesea-level drop at the end-Permian is about 89.3 m. Calculation via the dolomitized upper part of theChangxingian reef in Lichuan, Hubei Province, yields an 88.9 m amplitude of the sea-level drop atthe end-Permian. Comparison shows that the sea-level drop recorded in the two distantly locatedreefs may be of eustatic type. So the amplitude of the sea level drop of the Tethys Sea at theend-Permian might be at least 89.3 m.

关键词： sea-level drop eustatic reef Permian Changxingian

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PGE patterns of ores of Dajing Cu-polymetallic deposit in Linxi County, Inner Mongolia:Indicator to source of metallogenic elements

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chinese science Bulletin 2002年第13期47卷 1119-1124页

作者： CHU Xuelei, SUN Min & ZHOU Meifuinstitute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Department institute of geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Earth sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

By comparing PGE patterns of sulfide ores with that of basic-ultrabasic dikes occurring in the Dajing Cu-polymetallic deposit, we discover that there are similar positive slopes between the basic-ultrabasic dikes and the black ores composed mainly of sphalerite and galena, reflecting affinity of their source. The PGE patterns of the yellow ores composed basically of chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite and pyrite are actually different. One is close to the pattern of the mantle 1herzolite, and others resemble the pattern of the basic rocks. However, the concentrations of Ru are higher in the yellow ores, reflecting that sulfur attains or approaches saturation in their parent magma. The PGE characteristics of ores and dikes show that the magmas derived from the deep of crust and the metallogenic elements were supplied mainly by growth material of the crust. In addition, the mantle-derived magma also offered some elements.

关键词： Da Hinggan area polymetallic deposit PGE pattern hypomagma.

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