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Development of a model to generate a risk map in a building fire

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第10期53卷 2739-2747页

作者： CHU YanYan, ZHANG Hui, SHEN ShiFei, YANG Rui & QIAO LiFeng center for Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering physics, Tsinghua university, beijing 100084, china 1. center for Public Safety Research Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Fire simulations and sensors are widely used in building fires,various data such as temperature,CO and CO2 concentration,visibility can be obtained by sensors and sensor-based simulation. It is important to generate a risk map based on such data so that we can use it to estimate safety of the building. In this paper,we propose a method to generate a dynamical,integrated risk map using sensor readings in a building fire. Such risk evaluation model is developed using similarity comparison between the space state and dangerous state by a likelihood distance calculating and data grouping from a two-step cluster method. The risk evaluation model considers the integrated influence on the occupants in the zone from high temperature,lack of oxygen,toxic and harmful gases and shows the relative fire risk map at certain time. Based on the simulation study,it is proved that multi-factor fire risk analysis would be more objective and accurate than single factor and two-factor risk analysis and the fire risk evaluation model can generate a risk map and provide the classification information and the whole building risk statistic results to support evacuation command and control.

关键词： building fire risk map cluster analysis fire simulation

Frontal genesis of moisture atmosphere during the early 2008 persistent freezing-rain event in southern china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第3期53卷 454-464页

作者： QIAN WeiHong1 & FU JiaoLan1,2 1 Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of physics, peking university, beijing 100871, china 2 National Meteorological center of CMA, beijing, 100081, china 1. Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China2. National Meteorological Center of CMA Beijing 100081 China

From January 10 to February 2, 2008, a severe and persistent freezing-rain event occurred in southern and southwestern china. Here we use an observational analysis to compare the persistent freezing-rain event in the early 2008 with the winter precipita- tion in the late 2007 over south of the Yangtze River (Jiangnan). The persistent freezing-rain event was directly linked to the activity of quasi-stationary front. The gradient of equivalent temperature (ET) can well indicate the frontal genesis of moist atmosphere (moisture front) and its activity as well as its relationship with precipitation belt. The precipitation types (snow and freezing rains) are related to the vertical structure of moisture front. The inversion profile of ET vertical distribution is a typical synoptic condition that caused the freezing-rain event. The horizontal gradient of ET with a criterion of 10℃ / 100 km, which reflects the accumulation and release of atmospheric energy, can be applied to predict the precipitation 5-10 days in advance.

关键词： freezing-rain event frontal genesis extended-range weather forecast winter Jiangnan

The variation in the magnetic fluctuation anisotropy across the front boundaries of magnetic clouds and its geomagnetic response

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第10期47卷 863-867页

作者： LIU Rui & WEI FengsiDepartment of Geophysics, peking university, beijing 100871, china Lab for Space Weather, center for Space Science and applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100080, china Department of Geophysics Peking University Beijing China Lab for Space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A statistical study of magnetic fluctuations near the front boundaries of magnetic clouds is approached with the method of Minimum Variance Analysis, based on the data of ImpS and Wind spacecraft. New discoveries are that (1) fluctuation anisotropy tends to increase across the front boundaries of magnetic clouds; (2) there is a good correlation between the fluctuation anisotropy and the geomagnetic activity indices; and (3) in some cases, although there is southward field component immediately after the front boundary, Kp index descends (or Dst index ascends) with a corresponding decrease of the fluctuation anisotropy; in other cases with no distinct southward field component, Kp index ascends (or Dst index descends) with a corresponding increase of the fluctuation anisotropy. Thus we suggest that the fluctuation anisotropy might be a useful indicator in diagnosing the magnetic activities of magnetic clouds.

关键词： front boundary of magnetic clouds geomagnetic activity fluctuation anisotropy.

Periodic blow-up solutions and their limit forms for the generalized Camassa-Holm equation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第3期18卷 259-266页

作者： Zhengrong Liu a, Boling Guob a School of Mathematical Sciences, South china university of technology, Guangzhou 510640, china b Institute of applied physics and Computational Mathematics, beijing 100088, china School of Mathematical Sciences South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China Institute of applied physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088 China

In this paper, we consider the generalized Camassa-Holm equation ut+2kux-uxxt+ au~2ux=2uxuxx+uuxxxUnder substitution ξ=x-ct, some new explicit periodic wave solutions and their limit forms are presented through some special phase orbits. These periodic wave solutions tend to infinity on ξ-u plane periodically. Thus we call them periodic blow-up solutions. To our knowledge, such periodic blow-up solutions have not been found in any other equations.

关键词： Generalized Camassa–Holm equation Explicit solutions Periodic blow-up

Simulation of freezing and melting of soil on the northeast Tibetan Plateau

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第20期56卷 2145-2155页

作者： XIA Kun 1,2,3,LUO Yong 2,4,5 & LI WeiPing 2 1 Institute of Atmospheric physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100029,china 2National Climate center,china Meteorological Administration,beijing 100081,china 3Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100049,china 4 center for Earth System Science,Tsinghua university,beijing 100084.china 5Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Simulation,Ministry of Education,beijing 100084.china Institute of Atmospheric physics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Climate center China Meteorological Administration Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences center for Earth System Science Tsinghua University Key Laboratory of Earth

Using observational data spanning the period from February to December 2009 and recorded at the Suli station in Qinghai Province,the land-surface model CLM3.0 was employed to simulate the freezing and melting of *** results indicate that the simulated soil temperature is higher than the observed soil temperature and the ultimate thawing date is earlier than the observed date during the melting *** the freezing period,the simulated soil temperature is lower than the observed soil temperature and the ultimate freezing of the deep soil is earlier than that ***,the simulation of freezing is better than that of melting,and the simulation of a shallow layer is better than that of a deeper *** the original CLM3.0,it is assumed that frozen soil begins to melt when the soil temperature exceeds 0C,which is inconsistent with *** critical freeze-thaw temperature was calculated according to thermodynamics equations and the freeze-thaw condition was *** this work,the melting rate for frozen soil was reduced using the modified scheme,and the simulated soil temperature was lowered. Meanwhile,the refreezing of soil during the melting season was well simulated and more closely matched ***,it was found that the rates of melting and freezing differ,with the former being slower than the latter,but refreezing during the melting season is rather quick.

关键词：土壤温度冻结期青藏高原东北部模拟融化观测数据热力学方程表面模型

The unconditional stable and convergent difference methods with intrinsic parallelism for quasilinear parabolic systems

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Science china Mathematics 2004年第3期47卷 453-472页

作者： ZHOU Yulin YUAN Guangwei SHEN Longjun Laboratory of Computational physics, center of Nonlinear Studies, Institute of applied physics and Computational Mathematics, beijing 100088, china 1. Laboratory of Computational physics Center of Nonlinear Studies Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics 100088 Beijing China

A kind of the general finite difference schemes with intrinsic parallelism for the boundary value problem of the quasilinear parabolic system is studied without assuming heuristically that the original boundary value problem has the unique smooth vector solution. By the method of a priori estimation of the discrete solutions of the nonlinear difference systems, and the interpolation formulas of the various norms of the discrete functions and the fixed-point technique in finite dimensional Euclidean space, the existence and uniqueness of the discrete vector solutions of the nonlinear difference system with intrinsic parallelism are proved. Moreover the unconditional stability of the general finite difference schemes with intrinsic parallelism is justified in the sense of the continuous dependence of the discrete vector solution of the difference schemes on the discrete data of the original problems in the discrete W 2 (2,1) norms. Finally the convergence of the discrete vector solutions of the certain difference schemes with intrinsic parallelism to the unique generalized solution of the original quasilinear parabolic problem is proved.

关键词： difference scheme, intrinsic parallelism,quasilinear parabolic system, convergence, stability.

Structural and mechanical properties of amorphous carbon films deposited by the dual plasma technique

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Journal of university of Science and technology beijing 2008年第5期15卷 622-626页

作者： Yaohui Wang,Xu Zhang,Xianying Wu,Huixing Zhang,and Xiaoji Zhang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of china for Beam technology and Material Modification,Institution of Low Energy Nuclear physics,beijing Normal university beijing Radiation center,beijing 100875,china [a]Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of china for Beam technology Material Modification Institution of Low Energy Nuclear Physics Beijing Normal University beijing Radiation center Beijing 100875 China

Direct current metal filtered cathodic vacuum arc （FCVA） and acetylene gas （C2H2） were wielded to synthesize Ti-containing amorphous carbon films on Si （100）. The influence of substrate bias voltage and acetylene gas on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the films were investigated. The results show that the phase of TiC in the （111） preferential crystallographic orientation exists in the film,and the main existing pattern of carbon is sp2. With increasing the acetylene flow rate,the contents of Ti and TiC phase of the film gradually reduce; however,the thickness of the film increases. When the substrate bias voltage reaches -600 V,the internal stress of the film reaches 1.6 GPa. The micro-hardness and elastic modulus of the film can reach 33.9 and 237.6 GPa,respectively,and the friction coefficient of the film is 0.25.

关键词： metal containing amorphous carbon amorphous carbon films filtered arc acetylene flow rate bias voltage structure and properties

Modeling the intracellular dynamics for Vif-APO mediated HIV-1 virus infection

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第22期55卷 2329-2340页

作者： WANG Yi1,2 & LAI LuHua1,3 1 center for Theoretical Biology, peking university, beijing 100871, china 2 School of physics, peking university, beijing 100871, china 3 BNLMS, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, peking university, beijing 100871, china center for Theoretical Biology Peking University Beijing 100871 China School of physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China BNLMS State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The viral infectivity factor (Vif) was found to be essential for controlling HIV-1 virus infectivity. It targets cellular antiviral proteins in APOBEC family (APO) to trigger its fast degradation and inhibits APO packaging into nascent virion. In the present study, we propose a mathematical model to quantitatively study the intracellular dynamics of these typical virus-host interactions. Four sets of published experimental data were compared with simulation results to justify the model. Systematic parameter sensitivity and perturbation analysis showed that parameters related to APO are crucial to the infectivity of newly synthesized HIV-1 virus. Interestingly, we discovered that the synthesis rate of the viral structure protein Gag and the required number per nascent virion are optimized to achieve high virion production with minimal level of packaged APO, and large portion of model parameters are beneficial to virus only within a relatively small range. Furthermore, minor variations in several parameters related to viral protein Tat, the activator of viral RNA synthesis, were found to induce switch-like behaviors on both incorporated Vif and APO. These findings may provide new insights for understanding the high mutation rate of HIV-1 virus and its latency, as well as help identify key targets for therapeutic design.

关键词：病毒感染载脂蛋白 HIV 细胞内动力学抗病毒蛋白建模介导

BRST quantization and canonical Ward identity of the supersymmetric electromagnetic interaction system

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Science china(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2007年第3期50卷 339-347页

作者： HUANG YongChang1,3,4, JIANG YunGuo1 & LI XinGuo2,3 1 Institute of Theoretical physics, College of applied Sciences, beijing university of technology, beijing 100022, china 2 Institute of Modern physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china 3 center of Theoretical Nuclear physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Collisions, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china 4 china center of Advanced Science and technology (World Laboratory), beijing 100080, china 1. Institute of Theoretical physics College of Applied Sciences Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022 China 3. center of Theoretical Nuclear physics National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Collisions Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 4. china center of Advanced Science and technology (World Laboratory) Beijing 100080 China 2. Institute of Modern physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

According to the method of path integral quantization for the canonical constrained system in Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin scheme, the supersymmetric electromagnetic interaction system was quantized. Both the Hamiltonian of the supersymmetric electromagnetic interaction system in phase space and the quantization procedure were simplified. The BRST generator was constructed, and the BRST transforma- tions of supersymmetric fields were gotten; the effective action was calculated, and the generating functional for the Green function was achieved; also, the gauge generator was constructed, and the gauge transformation of the system was ob- tained. Finally, the Ward-Takahashi identities based on the canonical Noether theorem were calculated, and two relations between proper vertices and propaga- tors were obtained.

关键词： supersymmetric electromagnetic interaction BRST quantization Ward identity