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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第4期44卷 348-351页

作者： JIANG Shuye, CHEN Qifeng and FANG Xuanjun Biotechnology research Center, chinese academy of agricultural Science, beijing 100081, china.institute of Genetics and Crop Breeding, Fujian agricultural University, Fuzhou 350002, china.Corresponding author Biotechnology research Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Beijing China institute of Genetics and Crop Breeding Fujian Agricultural University Fuzhou China

The fertile and sterile young panicle representational populations were constructed by bulked sampling method using young panicles in the photo-period sensitive stage of fertility *** populations were analyzed using cDNA-RAPD. The results showed that: ( ⅰ ) bulked sampling method can be employed to analyze differentially expressed genes using cDNA-RAPD, taking an advantage in avoiding false positive caused by conventional sampling method. (ⅱ) Among 150 random primers used, 83 primers amplified the same banding patterns, and 34 primers amplified the same banding pattern but different staining of intensity on gel. ( ⅲ ) 33 primers amplified differential cDNA bands between fertile and sterile cDNA populations, and the ratio of polymorphism was 22%. It is concluded that there may exist a lot of genes relating to sterility, which makes the differentially expressed cDNA fragments complicated.

关键词： photo-period sensitive genie male sterile genes cDNA-RAPD differential display analysis.

Agro-ecological engineering in china. a way towards sustainable agriculture

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2000年第4期12卷 422-429页

作者： LIU Guo\|hua, FU Bo\|jie (research Center for Eco Environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china. research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Sustainable development, as a “hot topic”, concerns not only economic development but also environmental protection. Agriculture, the base of other economic activities, has faced many difficulties that include over growth population, land decrease, and land degradation and so on. Therefore, how to increase the food supply, to meet the over\|growth population demands, is the main task all over the world at present, especially in the developing countries, such as china. but we also must protect agricultural environment for medium\| and long\|term development simultaneously. Hence, sustainable development in agriculture is the most important estate that we must concern. Its sustainable development determines the sustainability of other economic development to a great extent. Despite chinese government has paid much attention to develop agricultural production and obtained great successions, there are also many shortcomings in chinese agriculture. Therefore, china. must seek new approaches for its development and environmental protection that suit local conditions and are based on local resources. Agro ecological engineering, the application of ecological engineering in agriculture, is very thriving in china.in recent decades. In this paper, the ecological, economic and social benefits of agro\|ecological engineering are analyzed. The principles are discussed. The results indicated that agro\|ecological engineering can meet the farmer′s short\|, medium\| and long\|term benefits. In the meanwhile, it also concerns not only economic benefits but ecological and social benefits. Therefore, agro\|ecological engineering is a way that leads to sustainable agriculture in the future in china.

关键词： agro-ecological engineering sustainable agriculture sustainable development china

Effects of acid deposition on terrestrial ecosystems and their rehabilitation strategies in china

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2002年第2期14卷 227-233页

作者： FENG Zong\|wei, MIAO Hong, ZHANG Fu\|zhu, HUANG Yi\|zong (research Center for Eco\|Environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china. E\|mail: FZW@***) research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 Chin

South china.has become the third largest region associated with acid deposition following Europe and North America, the area subject to damage by acid deposition increased from 1.75 million km 2 in 1985 to 2.8 million km 2 in 1993. Acid deposition has caused serious damage to ecosystem. Combined pollution of acid rain and SO 2 showed the obvious multiple effects on crops. Vegetable was more sensitive to acid deposition than foodstuff crops. Annual economic loss of crops due to acid deposition damage in eleven provinces of south china.was 4.26 billion RMB Yuan. Acid deposition caused serious damage to forest. Annual economic loss of wood volume was about 1.8 billion RMB Yuan and forest ecological benefit loss 16.2 billion in eleven provinces of south china. Acid deposition in south china.was typical “sulfuric acid type”. According to the thoughts of sustainable development, some strategies were brought forward as follows: (1) enhancing environmental management, specifying acid\|controlling region, controlling and abating the total emission amount of SO 2; (2) selecting practical energy technologies of clean coal, for example, cleansing and selecting coal, sulfur\|fixed\|type industrial briqutting, abating sulfur from waste gas and so on; (3) developing other energy sources to replace coal, including water electricity, atomic energy and the new energy such as solar energy, wind energy and so on; (4) in acid deposition region of south china. selecting acid\|resistant type of crop and tree to decrease agricultural losses, planting more green fertilizer crops, using organic fertilizers and liming, in order to improve buffer capacities of soil.

关键词： acid rain agriculture forestry economic loss rehabilitation strategies

The impact of vegetation restoration on erosion-induced sediment yield in the middle Yellow River and management prospect

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Science china.Earth sciences 2005年第6期48卷 724-741页

作者： CHEN Hao1, ZHOU Jinxing2, CAI Qiangguo1, YUE Zhongqi3, LU Zhongchen4, LIANG Guanglin1& HUANG Jianguo5 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Re-search, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china.2. institute of Forestry, chinese academy of Forestry sciences, beijing 100091, china.3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, china.4. Eco-environmental research Center, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china.5. College of Resources and Environment, Southwest agricultural University, Chongqing 400716, china.Correspondence should be addressed to Chen Hao 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences 100091 Beijing China 3. Department of Civil Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China 4. Eco-environmental research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 Beijing China 5. College of Resources and Environment Southwest Agricultural University 400716 Chongqing China

According to the characteristics of water and erosion environments of different natural zones on the Loess Plateau, this paper studies changes of vegetation types, distribution boundaries of forest and grass as well as restoration capacity of vegetation in different natural zones in the middle Yellow River. The annual precipitation of 530 mm is the critical annual pre-cipitation for forest and grass distribution in the middle Yellow River. Among the zonal and azonal environmental factors affecting watershed sediment yield, the intermediate diameter D50 (mm) of suspended load and forest coverage (V, %) play the leading role. Of them the effect weight of forest coverage (V, %) on catchments sediment yield is only 3.4% less than the role of the intermediate diameter (D50, mm), they are almost the same. To effectively control soil erosion in semiarid, especially in hilly-gullied areas and make sediment transport modulus reduce to less than 6000 t/km2, it is rather difficult by merely relying on natural restoration of forest. In the process of cultivated land conversion into forest land and grassland, measures suiting local conditions should be adopted in tree species selection and artificial afforestation (grass planting) based on management with biological measures for slopeland and engineering measures for hilly-gullied areas, so that watershed forest coverage in key counties can reach at least over 30%.Compared with the standard period of precipitation prior to the 1960s, with the decrease of an-nual precipitation at various periods, plant productivities decline to different degrees under natural conditions. The main reason accountable for the low survival rate of new seedlings and grass over years is due to precipitation decrease. In light with regression models of annual pre-cipitation and natural vegetation productivities, it is possible to obtain estimated values of wa-tershed natural vegetation productivity and eco-water consumption needed for the restoration to

关键词： vegetation restoration, eco-water requirement, watershed sediment yield, the middle Yellow River.

Impacts of the Wenchuan Earthquake on the Giant Panda Nature Reserves in china

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第2期7卷 197-206页

作者： DENG Xiangzheng JIANG Qunou GE Quansheng YANG LinSheng institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Center for chinese agricultural Policy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of the chineseacademy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Wenchuan Earthquake that occurred in May of 2008 caused damages to large areas of Sichuan,Gansu,and Shaanxi provinces in *** from local governments and related management agencies show that the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas were heavily *** estimates in this paper of the impacts of the earthquake on the giant panda in the earthquake-hit areas were made based on the interpretation of remote sensing images and information collected by field survey.A rapid assessment method was designed to estimate the damages of the earthquake on giant panda *** using visual interpretation methods,we decoded the remote sensing images of the disaster area in the 49 giant panda nature *** results showed that the Wenchuan Earthquake and the succeeding secondary geological disasters caused great damages to the giant panda nature reserves and disturbed the normal life of the giant pandas there (e.g.,landscape fragmentation increased significantly).Undoubtedly,the life of the giant pandas there was ***,although the earthquake caused certain impacts on the giant pandas,it did not really threat their *** so,we still strongly advocate for protection of the giant pandas,and have prioritized a couple of measures to be taken to restore the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas.

关键词： Wenchuan earthquake Remote sensing Giant panda Giant panda nature reserve Rapid assessment method

Characterization, gene cloning and expression of new xylanase XYNB with high specific activity

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第8期48卷 761-765页

作者： ZHANG Honglian, YAO Bin, WANG Yaru, ZHANG Wangzhao & YUAN Tiezheng Feed research institute, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100081, china.Correspondence should be addressed to Yao Bin(email: yao-bin@***) Feed research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China

Extracellular xylanase XYNB from Streptomy-ces olivaceoviridis A1 has been purified and characterized. The optimal pH value and temperature of XYNB for its ac-tivity are 5.2 and 60℃, respectively. The specific activity of XYNB is as high as 2869.78 U/mg. Metal cations, EDTA and SDS have no effects on enzyme activity of XYNB. The gene xynB coding mature protein of XYNB has been cloned by PCR. The forward oligonucleotide primer used in the PCR reaction was synthesized based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of XYNB mature protein, and the reverse oligonu-cleotide primers are random oligonucleotide. The cloned gene xynB is 576 bp long and its G+C content is 64.3%. The xynB encodes 191 amino acid residues, and the putative mo-lecular weight of XYNB is 20.839 kD. The xynB has been expressed in E. coli, and the expressed xylanase has normal bioactivity.

关键词：基因克隆技术基因表达木聚糖酶 XYNB 比活度

A research ON THE DYNAMIC MONITORING SYSTEM FOR FORAGE-LIVESTOCK BALANCE IN THE TEMPERATE CRASSLAND OF china

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干旱区资源与环境 1993年第Z1期7卷 275-278页

作者： Li Bo Shi Peijun Lin Xiaoquan Grassland research institute, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, Hohhot, china.beijing Normal University, china.GRI, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, Hohhot

Some principles and methods for the dynamic monitoring of forage-livestock bal-ance in the grazing system on the temperate grassland of china.were discussed in thispaper. To prepare a dynamic monitoring system or the ... 详细信息

关键词： Temperate Grassland Forage-Livestock Balance Remote Sensing Estimaion for Production Grassland Dynamic Monitoring

An intracellular toxic protein (Xin) isolated from Xenorhabdus nematophilus strain BJ

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2002年第4期 72-74页

作者： PAN Yinghong , JIAN Heng , ZHANG Jie , LIU Zheng, CHEN Zhongyi , YANG Xiufen, YANG Huaiwen and HUANG Dafang( State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, institute of Plant Protection, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100094, china.institute of Biocontrol research, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100081, china.institute of Biotechnology research, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100081, china.) State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100094 China institute of Biocontrol research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China institute of Biotechnology research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

An intracellular toxic protein, designated Xin and with remarkable inhibitory effect on growth of Helicoverpa armiger-a, was isolated from X. nematophilus strain BJ by ion exchange chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. After placing neonates on the artificial diet containing Xin at concentration of 0 or 3.48 μg/g for 7 days, the average weight of insects was 23.50 mg and 0.55mg, respectively. The activity of Xin was lost by heating, freeze-drying, digestion with proteases or urea. The Xin molecular weight, over 1000 kD, was determined by gel filtration on Superose 12, and there were six component proteins analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The results show that Xin is a high molecular protein complex inhibiting growth of insect pest.

关键词： intracellular protein Helicoverpa armigera Xenorhabdus nematophilus Xin purification.

Expression pattern and core region analysis of AtMPK3 promoter in response to environmental stresses

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Science china.Life sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 1315-1321页

作者： GAO Fei1,2, SU Qi1, FAN YunLiu1& WANG Lei1 1Biotechnology research institute/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, chinese academy of agricultural Science, beijing 100081, china.2College of Life and Environmental sciences, Minzu University of china. beijing 100081, china 1. Biotechnology research institute/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Beijing 100081 China2. College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of China Beijing 100081 China

The protein kinase AtMPK3,a component of the MAP kinase cascade,plays an important role in stress signal transduction in plant cells. To clarify how AtMPK3 is regulated at the transcriptional level in response to various environmental factors, the 1016-bp promoter sequence upstream of the transcription start site of the AtMPK3 gene was isolated. Analyses of the promoter sequence using plant promoter databases revealed that the AtMPK3 promoter contains many potential cis-acting elements involved in environmental stress responses. We constructed four deletion mutants of the AtMPK3 promoter, and introduced the intact and truncated promoter sequences fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene into Arabidopsis. GUS histochemical staining and quantitative fluorometric GUS assays were performed to visualize and compare the expression patterns in response to different environmental stimuli. The region between-188 and-62 upstream of the transcription start site was identified as the essential DNA sequence of the AtMPK3 promoter for responses to drought, high salinity, low temperature, and wounding. These results advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling AtMPK3 expression in response to different environmental stimuli.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana AtMPK3 promoter stress

Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins for the Identification of Crop Varieties

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agricultural sciences in china 2002年第8期1卷 865-870页

作者： LAN Hai-yan and LI Li-hui(institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, beijing 100081 ,P.R. china.) institute of Crop Germplasm Resources Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P. R. China

With the development of the international trade and agricultural science and technology, especially after the execution of the rules on protection of new plant varieties, considerable emphasis has been placed on variety identification. Many evidences have suggested that gel electrophoresis have great influence on this area. This paper reviewed study status of various gel electrophoresis, including development of the meth-

关键词： Protein Gel electrophoresis Crop variety identification Seed test