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Biological exposure models for oil spill impact analysis

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第4期12卷 482-485页

作者： XIONG De qi 1. Mark Reed 2, Narve Ekrol 2 (1. department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 1.6026, China E mail: deqi@*** 2. department of Environmental Engineering, SINTEF Applied chemistry Institut 大连海事大学辽宁大连 1 1 6 0 2 SINTEF Applied chemistry Institute 挪威 Trondheim 70 3 4

The oil spill impact analysis (OSIA) software system has been developed to supply a tool for comprehensive, quantitative environmental impact assessments resulting from oil spills. In the system, a biological component evaluates potential effects on exposed organisms based on results from a physico chemical fates component, including the extent and characteristics of the surface slick, and dissolved and total concentrations of hydrocarbons in the water column. The component includes a particle based exposure model for migratory adult fish populations, a particle based exposure model for spawning planktonic organisms (eggs and larvae), and an exposure model for wildlife species (sea birds or marine mammals). The exposure model for migratory adult fish populations simulates the migration behaviors of fish populations migrating to or staying in their feeding areas, over wintering areas or spawning areas, and determines the acute effects (mortality) and chronic accumulation (body burdens) from the dissolved contaminant. The exposure model for spawning planktonic organisms simulates the release of eggs and larvae, also as particles, from specific spawning areas during the spawning period, and determines their potential exposure to contaminants in the water or sediment. The exposure model for wild species calculates the exposure to surface oil of wildlife (bird and marine mammal) categories inhabiting the contaminated area. Compared with the earlier models in which all kinds of organisms are assumed evenly and randomly distributed, the updated biological exposure models can more realistically estimate potential effects on marine ecological system from oil spill pollution events.

关键词： oil spill biological exposure acute effects chronic accumulation migration of fish spawning of eggs and larvae habitat

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Utilization of a spiropyran derivative in a polymeric film optode for selective fluorescent sensing of zinc ion

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Science China chemistry 2006年第3期49卷 246-255页

作者： ZHANG Ying1. SHAO Na1. YANG Ronghua1. LI Ke’an1. LIU Feng1. CHAN Winghong2 & MO Tian2 1. College of chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 1.0871. China 2. {1. of chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China 1. College of chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China 2. department of {1. Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

A new spiropyran derivative was synthesized and first utilized in a polymericfilm-based optical sensor for zinc ion. Spiropyrans, combining the characteristics of metal bindingand signal transduction, show potential function in the design of optical chemical sensors(optodes) toward metal ions. When embedded in a plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane,the newly synthesized spiropyran derivative 1.exhibits obvious fluorescence enhancement at 630 nm inthe presence of zinc ion in aqueous solution. With the optimum condition described, the optodemembrane responds to zinc ion over a dynamic range of 4.94x1.^(-7) to 4.1.x1.^(-4)mol·L^(-1., witha detection limit of 1.51.1.^(-7) mol·L^(-1.. The membrane not only displays excellentphotostability, reproducibility and reversibility, but also exhibits high selectivity toward zincion over transition metal ions including Hg^(2+), Cd^(2+), Pb^(2+), Cu^(2+), Fe^(3+) and commoncationic ions presented in the physiological fluids.

关键词： spiropyran, sensor, PVC membrane, zinc ion, fluorescent spectroscopy.

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Synthesis and Properties of the Polymeric Surfactant Based on Maleamic Acid and Styrene

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2011年第1期26卷 79-82页

作者：杨永清 department of Applied {1. School of Science Northwestern Polytechnical University

An alternative polymeric surfactant P（M3/St） was synthesized by solution polymerization of maleamic acid as hydrophilic monomer and styrene as hydrophobic monomer. Some factors that affect the yield and properties of the polymeric surfactant were investigated systemically. The surface tension of the polymeric surfactant reaches 37-38 mN/m. It is proved that the polymeric surfactant shows very good surface activity and emulsifying ability. The TG analysis shows that the temperature of the thermal degradation can reach 31..4 ℃. It will be used as a new type of polymeric surfactant.

关键词： maleamic acid polymeric surfactant surface activity emulsifying ability thermal resistance

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Low-heating solid state synthetic reactions of cyclopeantadienyl organolanthanide complexes

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第19期48卷 2041-2043页

作者： ZHU Ming1. LI Yanrong1. LUO Jun1.& ZHOU Xigeng1.2 1. department of {1., Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Organometallic {1., Shanghai Institute of Organic {1., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China department of {1. Fudan University China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

A novel and simple one-step, solid state reaction of multicomponent systems has been developed to synthesize cyclopentadienyl-containing organolanthanide complexes, in which the effects of the coordinated solvent molecules and the nature of the reactants were also studied. We also studied the solid state decomposition reaction of Cp2YbPz(HPz), and the formation of [CpYb(Pz)2]2 may indicate that the constrained environment in solid state can lead to a novel chemical transformation, with product selectivity possibly different from that in the liquid phase.

关键词：低热固态反应合成茂基有机镧系络合物绿色化学环戊二烯 [CpYb(Pz)2|2 Cp2YbPz(HPz) 镱配合物

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Study on the two and three-parameter working stability regions of 3Y-TZP suspension

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第5期49卷 547-568页

作者： CHEN Youqiang1. 2, ZHANG Xinni3, CHEN Sha’ou3 & QI Ping3 1. department of {1., Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071. China 2. department of {1., Tsinghua University, Beijing 1.0084, China 3. department of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071. China 1. department of {1. Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China 2. department of {1. Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 3. department of Physics Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China

We determined the variation tendency of viscosity (η) at various solids load- ing (α) for 3Y-TZP suspension as a function of dispersant concentration (Cw) using vis- cosity measurement, measured the diameter of particles as a function of Cw in very dilute suspension using light scattering method, and obtained the surface features of the sedi- ment of suspension with different Cw using SEM. We also discussed the influence of the microstructure of adsorbed polymer layers on particles and their interactions in the dis- persing medium on the stability of suspension. Then two different stable states and two different unstable states for 3Y-TZP suspension were given. Accordingly, the (Cw, η), (Cw, α), and (α, η) two-parameter, and (Cw, α, η) three-parameter stability maps were con- structed. Based on the DLVO theory calculations, the dispersant concentration, particle distance (r), and interparticle potential energy (VT) maps with various solids loading for 3Y-TZP aqueous suspension were also constructed. In (Cw, r) two-parameter coordinate system, the stable motion region map for particles was established. The Cw, α, and VT,max (the highest potential energy) surface of the potential barrier map was obtained through calculation and simulation on the basis of the surfaces of Cw, r, VT maps introduced above. The (Cw, α) two-parameter stability map was then obtained from the Cw, α, VT,max map. The results showed that this theoretical map can qualitatively prove the experimentally obtained results—the existence of different dispersed states of particles in suspension system and the variation tendency of suspension stability with changing each parame- ter—were reasonable.

关键词： 3Y-TZP, suspension, stability, DLVO theory, interparticle potential energy.

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γ-Hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters:asymmetric syntheses and applications

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Science China chemistry 2010年第1期53卷 21-35页

作者： GAO Ge1.& PU Lin2 1.0} of {1.,Sichuan University,Chengdu 61.064,China 2department of {1.,University of Virginia,Charlottesville,Virginia 22904-431.,USA 1. department of {1. Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China2. Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia 22904-4319 USA

γ-Hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters are versatile synthetic precursors to many organic *** paper reviews the synthesis of chiral γ-hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters by asymmetric reduction of γ-oxo-α,β-acetylenic esters,enantioselective addition to aldehydes in the presence of chiral catalysts,and diastereoselective addition to chiral *** preparation of racemic γ-hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters is also *** are provided for the application of γ-hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters in organic synthesis.

关键词： γ-hydroxy-α β-acetylenic ester asymmetric enantioselective diastereoselective

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Doubly contracted CI method and applications

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Science China chemistry 2004年第4期47卷 276-282页

作者： WANG Yubin1. HAN Huixian1. ZHAI Gaohong2 ,SUO Bin1.& WEN Zheny1.2 1. Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, Xian 71.069, China 2. Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic chemistry, {1. of chemistry, Northwest University, Xian 71.069,China Correspondence should be addressed to Wen Zhenyi 1. Institute of Modern Physics Northwest University 710069 Xian China 2. Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic chemistry Department of Chemistry Northwest University 710069 Xi’an China

Based on the hole-particle correspondence an approximate so-called doubly contracted CI scheme is proposed. Examples calculated based on the doubly contracted CI (DCCI) scheme show that the number of configurations after contraction is reduced by three orders of magnitude, and the computation time is reduced by an order of magnitude. The examples also show that compared with experiments the DCCI and uncontracted CI have similar and reasonable accuracy to some spectroscopic parameters.

关键词： doubly contracted CI hole-particle symmetry approximate MRCI

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Synthesis and Characterization of Liquid Crystal with Lower Temperature of Phase Change of meso-tetra-(4-n-lauroyloxyphenyl)porphyrin

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1999年第9期10卷 783-786页

作者： Wei LIU Tong Shun SHI(1.department of {1., The Forth Military Medical University, Xian 71.0322 department of {1., Jilin University. Changchun 1.0023) Fourth Mil Med Univ Dept Chem Xian 710032 Peoples R China Jilin Univ Dept Chem Changchun 130023 Peoples R China

The synthesis and characterization of meso-tetra (4-n-lauroyloxy phenyl) porphyrin with long ester chains are reported. The domains of stability and the structure of the liquid crystalline phases are determined by opt... 详细信息

关键词： porphyrin liquid crystal lower temperature of phase change

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FeS_(2) (pyrite) electrodeposition thin films and study of growth mechanism

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第6期48卷 601-611页

作者： DONG Youzhong1. ZHENG Yufeng1. ZHANG Xiaogang2, DUAN He1. SUN Yanfei1.& CHEN Yanhua1.1. department of Physics, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China 2. Institute of Applied {1., Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China 1. department of Physics Xinjiang University 830046 Urumqi China 2. Institute of Applied chemistry Xinjiang University 830046 Urumqi China

Ferrous sulfide (FeS) thin films were initially electrodeposited on indium-tin oxide (ITO) substrates in the aqueous solution containing iron, sulfur elements and then annealed in the sulfur atmosphere. Thereby, we successfully obtained the single-phased iron pyrite (FeS2) thin films with good quality. The experimental parameters for electrodeposition and the post-growth thermal-dynamical conditions have been calculated so that more details about the effect of thermal-dynamical conditions on the micromechanism concerned with the iron pyrite crystal growth as well as the properties of the samples have been discussed.

关键词： electrodeposition, FeS2 (pyrite), thin films, growth dynamics.

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Infinite Three-Dimensional Coordination Polymers: Synthesis and Structures of [Cd (4,4'-bpy)_2 (H_2O)_2]_n (pic)_(2n),[Zn (4,4'-bpy)_2 (H_2O)_2]_n(pic)_(2n) (H_2O)_(2n), and [Zn (4,4'-bpy)_2 (H_2O)_2]_n (4,4'-bpy)_n(H_2O)_n (pic)_(2n)

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2000年第4期11卷 369-372页

作者： Fu Pei LIANG~1.Zi Lu CHEN~1.Rui Xiang HU~1.Hong LIANG~1.Zhao Hui ZHOU~2 (1.department of {1.. Guangxi Normal University: Guilin 541.04 2 department of {1.. Xiamen University. Xiamen 361.05) Guangxi Normal Univ Dept Chem Guilin 541004 Peoples R China Xiamen Univ Dept Chem Xiamen 361005 Peoples R China

Three Complexes of the formula [Cd (4,4'-bpy)_2 (H_2O)_2]_n. (pic)_(2n) (1. [Zn (4,4'-bpy)_2 (H_2O)]_n (4,4'-bpy)_n(H_2O)_n (pic)-(2n) (2) and [Zn (4,4'-bpy)_2 (H_2O)]_n (4,4'-bpy)_n (pic)-(2n)(H_2O)_n (3) (4.4'-bpy = 4.4'-bipyridine. pic = picric anion ) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and single-crystal x-ray diffraction. They all have infinite three-dimensional network structure. crystallizing in the monoclinic space group C2/c (1. and Cc (2.3).

关键词： Clathration. 4. 4' - bipyridine. picric anion. three - dimensional network.

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