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Transforming liquid flow fuel cells to controllable reactors for highlyefficient oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid at low temperature

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 621-631,I0014页

作者： Ye Qiang xi Liu Denghao Ouyang Zhao Jiang Xuebing Zhao Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of applied Chemistry Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina

Highly-efficient oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurtural(HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid(FDCA) at low temperature with air as the oxidant is still ***,inspired by the respirato ry electron transport chain(ETC) of living cells mediated by electron carriers,we constructed artificial ETCs and transformed liquid flow fuel cells(LFFCs) to flexible reactors for efficient oxidation of HMF to produce FDCA under mild *** LFFC reactor employed an electrodeposition modified nickel foam as an anode to promote HMF oxidation and(VO_(2))_(2)SO_(4) as a cathode electron carrier to facilitate the electron transfer to *** reaction rate could be easily controlled by selecting the anode catalyst,adjusting the external loading and changing the cathodic electron carrier or oxidants.A maximal power density of 44.9 mW cm^(-2) at room temperature was achieved,while for FDCA production,short-circuit condition was preferred to achieve quick transfer of *** a single batch operation with 0.1 M initial HMF,FDCA yield reached 97.1%.By fed-batch operation,FDCA concentration reached 144.5 g L^(-1) with a total yield of 96%.Ni^(2+)/Ni^(3+) redox couple was the active species mediating the electron transfer,while both experimental and DFT calculation results indicated that HMFCA pathway was the preferred reaction mechanism.

关键词： 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural 2 5-Furandicarboxylic acid Electrodeposition Electron transport chain Liquid flow fuel cell

Enhancing electrochemical capacity and interfacial stability of lithium-ion batteries through side reaction modulation with ultrathin carbon nanotube film and optimized lithium cobalt oxide particle size

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7230-7241页

作者： Wei xi xiaogang xia Jiacheng Zhu Dehua Yang Sishen xie Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter physics and Institute of physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Advanced Passivation Technology Lab College of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

Lithium cobalt oxide(LCO),the first commercialized cathode active material for lithium-ion batteries,is known for high voltage and ***,its application has been limited by relatively low capacity and stability at high *** particle size is considered one of the most straightforward and effective strategies to enhance ion transfer,thus increasing the rate ***,side reactions are simultaneously enhanced as the specific surface area ***,we investigate the impact of LCO particles with varying size distributions and optimize the particle *** modulate the side reactions associated with particle size reduction,an ultrathin carbon nanotube film(UCNF)is introduced to coat the cathode *** this simple process and optimized particle size,the rate performance improves significantly,normal commercial LCO achieves 118 mA·h·g^(−1)at 3.0–4.3 V and 20 C(0.72 mA·h·cm^(−2)),corresponding to power density of 8732 W·kg^(−1).This method is applied to high voltage as well,152 mA·h·g^(−1)at 3.0–4.6 V and 20 C(0.99 mA·h·cm^(−2))was achieved with high-voltage LCO(HVLCO),corresponding to power density of 11,552 W·kg^(−1).The cycling stability is also enhanced,with the capacity retention maintaining more than 96%after 100 cycles at 0.1 *** the first time,UCNF is demonstrated to suppress the excessive decomposition of the electrolytes and solvents by blocking electron injection/extraction between LCO and electrolyte *** findings provide a simple method for improving LCO rate performance,especially at high C-rates.

关键词： lithium-ion batteries lithium cobalt oxides carbon nanomaterials side reactions

The study of intelligent algorithm in particle identification of heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 170-182页

作者： Gao-Yi Cheng Qian-Min Su xi-Guang Cao Guo-Qiang Zhang School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Shanghai Institute of applied physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

Traditional particle identification methods face timeconsuming,experience-dependent,and poor repeatability challenges in heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate *** urgently need solutions to the dilemma of traditional particle identification *** study explores the possibility of applying intelligent learning algorithms to the particle identification of heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate *** intelligent algorithms,including XgBoost and TabNet,were selected to test datasets from the neutron ion multi-detector for reaction-oriented dynamics(NIMROD-ISiS)and Geant4 ***-based machine learning algorithms and deep learning algorithms *** show excellent performance and generalization *** additional data features besides energy deposition can improve the algorithm’s performance when the data distribution is *** learning algorithms can be applied to solve the particle identification problem in heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies.

关键词： Heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies Machine learning Ensemble learning algorithm Particle identification Data imbalance

Quantum statistical entropy corresponding to cosmic horizon in five-dimensional spacetime

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Science china(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第2期51卷 140-146页

作者： ZHAO Ren1,2 & ZHANG ShengLi1 1 department of applied physics, xi’an jiaotong university, xi’an 710049, china 2 department of physics, Shanxi Datong university, Datong 037009, china department of applied physics Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China department of physics Shanxi Datong University Datong China

The generalized uncertainty relation is introduced to calculate the quantum statis-tical entropy corresponding to cosmic horizon. By using the new equation of state density motivated by the generalized uncertainty relation, we discuss entropies of Bose field and Fermi field on the background of five-dimensional spacetime. In our calculation, we need not introduce cutoff. There is no divergent logarithmic term in the original brick-wall method. And it is obtained that the quantum statistical en-tropy corresponding to cosmic horizon is proportional to the area of the horizon. Further it is shown that the entropy corresponding to cosmic horizon is the entropy of quantum state on the surface of horizon. The black hole's entropy is the intrinsic property of the black hole. The entropy is a quantum effect. In our calculation, by using the quantum statistical method, we obtain the partition function of Bose field and Fermi field on the background of five-dimensional spacetime. We provide a way to study the quantum statistical entropy corresponding to cosmic horizon in the higher-dimensional spacetime.

关键词： quantum statistical entropy generalized uncertainty relation high-dimensional spacetime

Synthesis of Single Hexagonal-Phase AlN Nanocrystallines by a Liquid-Solid Metathetical Reaction in an Organic Solution

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Journal of Wuhan university of Technology(Materials Science) 2008年第3期23卷 334-337页

作者：颜国君 department of applied physics Xi’an Jiaotong University

A liquid-solid metathetical reaction method （LSMRM） of synthesizing AIN nanocrystallines is presented. AIN nanocrystallines made through LSMRM are characterized by X-ray diffractions （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Fourier transformation infrared （FT-IR） spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the samples are single hexagonal-phase AIN and the size of the AIN samples is about tens of nanometer.

关键词： AIN nanocrystalline synthesis organic solvent thermal method

A method for support stiffness failure identification in a steel spring floating slab track of urban railway: a case study in china

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Journal of Zhejiang university-Science A(applied physics & Engineering) 2024年第3期25卷 206-222页

作者： Junyuan ZHENG Caiyou ZHAO Duojia SHI Ping WANG Jian WANG Bolong JIANG xi SHENG Key Laboratoryof High-speed Railway Engineering Ministry of EducationSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 60031China School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China 01 DYNA(Qingdao)Test&Data Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266000China Rail Transit Digital Construction and Measurement Technology National Engineering Research Center China Railway Design CorporationTianjin300308China Institute of Urban Smart Transportation&Safety Maintenance Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

The extensive use of steel spring floating slab tracks has effectively addressed the challenge of alleviating the environmental vibrations induced by urban rail transit ***,under the combined action of train dynamic loads and complex environmental factors,problems,such as the fracture of steel spring vibration isolators and suspension vibrations induced by the uneven settlement of the base,often *** failure of isolator support stiffness is often hidden in its early stages and is challenging to identify by conventional detection *** the same time,it will aggravate the wheel-rail interaction,accelerate the deterioration of track structure,and even affect the driving *** study first establishes a detailed coupled train-floating slab track-foundation analytical *** the influence of the vibration isolator support stiffness failure on the dynamic indices of the floating slab track system response is analyzed.A set of defect identification methods that can detect the number of failed steel springs,severity of damage,and their location is ***,an intelligent monitoring system for support stiffness of floating slab track is built by combining the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise algorithm and statistical data analysis and is applied to a rail line in southern *** a three-year monitoring campaign,a suspension failure and a fracture of a steel spring were each successfully detected and detailed failure information was *** investigation results were consistent with the damage identification *** repair,the track structure dynamic response returned to the average pre-damage level and further deterioration had been *** proposed damage identification methods and monitoring system provide an approach for intelligent identification of track structure support stiffness failures.

关键词： Floating slab track Support stiffness Detailed analytical model Failure identification Monitoring system

Chemical Scissors Tailored Nano‑Tellurium with High‑Entropy Morphology for Efficient Foam‑Hydrogel‑Based Solar Photothermal Evaporators

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 149-168页

作者： Chenyang xing Zihao Li Ziao Wang Shaohui Zhang Zhongjian xie xi Zhu Zhengchun Peng State Key Laboratory of Radio FrequencyHeterogeneous Integration Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Center for Stretchable Electronics and NanoSensors College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenShenzhen 518172People’s Republic of China Institute of Pediatrics Shenzhen Children’s HospitalShenzhen 518038GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China

The development of tellurium(Te)-based semiconductor nanomaterials for efficient light-to-heat conversion may offer an effective means of harvesting sunlight to address global energy ***,the nanosized Te(nano-Te)materials reported to date suffer from a series of drawbacks,including limited light absorption and a lack of surface ***,we report the preparation of nano-Te by electrochemical exfoliation using an electrolyzable room-temperature ionic ***,cations,and their corresponding electrolytic products acting as chemical scissors can precisely intercalate and functionalize bulk *** resulting nano-Te has high morphological entropy,rich surface functional groups,and broad light *** also constructed foam hydrogels based on poly(vinyl alcohol)/nano-Te,which achieved an evaporation rate and energy efficiency of 4.11 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)and 128%,respectively,under 1 sun ***,the evaporation rate was maintained in the range 2.5-3.0 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)outdoors under 0.5-1.0 sun,providing highly efficient evaporation under low light conditions.

关键词： Tellurium High entropy Electrochemical modification Solar absorption Evaporation rate

Continuity of the optimal value function and optimal solutions of parametric mixed-integer quadratic programs

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applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2010年第4期25卷 391-399页

作者： CHEN Zhi-ping HAN You-pan department of Scientific Computing and applied Software, Faculty of Science, xi’an jiaotong university, xi’an 710049, china department of Scientific Computing and applied Software Faculty of Science Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China

To properly describe and solve complex decision problems, research on theoretical properties and solution of mixed-integer quadratic programs is becoming very important. We establish in this paper different Lipschitz-type continuity results about the optimal value function and optimal solutions of mixed-integer parametric quadratic programs with parameters in the linear part of the objective function and in the right-hand sides of the linear constraints. The obtained results extend some existing results for continuous quadratic programs, and, more importantly, lay the foundation for further theoretical study and corresponding algorithm analysis on mixed-integer quadratic programs.

关键词： Mixed-integer quadratic program optimal value function optimal solution.

Design and construction of charged-particle telescope array for study of exotic nuclear clustering structure

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 114-123页

作者： Zheng‑Li Liao xi‑Guang Cao Yu‑Xuan Yang Chang‑Bo Fu xian‑Gai Deng Shanghai Institute of applied physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Zhengzhou university Zhengzhou 450001China Key Laboratory of Nuclear physics and Ion‑beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Research Center for Theoretical Nuclear physics NSFC and Fudan university Shanghai 200438China

The exploration of exotic shapes and properties of atomic nuclei,e.g.,αcluster and toroidal shape,is a fascinating field in nuclear *** study the decay of these nuclei,a novel detector aimed at detecting multipleα-particle events was designed and *** detector comprises two layers of double-sided silicon strip detectors(DSSD)and a cesium iodide scintillator array coupled with silicon photomultipliers array as light sensors,which has the advantages of their small size,fast response,and large dynamic *** coupled with cesium iodide crystal arrays are used to distinguish multipleα*** detector array has a compact and integrated design that can be adapted to different experimental *** detector array was simulated using Geant4,and the excitation energy spectra of someα-clustering nuclei were reconstructed to demonstrate the *** simulation results show that the detector array has excellent angular and energy resolutions,enabling effective reconstruction of the nuclear excited state by multipleαparticle *** detector offers a new and powerful tool for nuclear physics experiments and has the potential to discover interesting physical phenomena related to exotic nuclear structures and their decay mechanisms.

关键词： Cluster decay Toroidal structure Telescope array SiPM Energy resolution