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Two conceptual models of displacement transfer and examples

Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 900-911页

作者： GUAN Shuwei1,2, WANG Xin2, YANG Shufeng2, HE Dengfa1 & ZHAO Weidong3 1. Research institute of petroleum exploration and Development, beijing 100083, china 2. Department of Geosciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, china 3. Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, china Research institute of petroleum exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China Department of Geosciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Tarim Oilfield Company Korla 841000 China

This paper presents two conceptual models of displacement transfer, reverse sym- metry model and infinitely equal division model, based on the fault-bend folding theory. If the fault shape is held constant in the trend, then the distribution of slip magnitude, geometry of imbricate structures and its axial surface map all display reverse symmetry on the process of displacement transfer, as called reverse symmetry model in this paper. However, if the ramp height of thrust fault decreases gradually along its strike, the displacement is postulated to be equally and infinitely divided to every thrust that is formed subsequently, this kinematic process is described using infinitely equal division model. In both models, displacement transfer is characterized by the regular changes of imbricate thrusting in the trend. Geometric analysis indicates that the displacement transfer grads can be estimated using the tangent of deflective angle of hinterland structures. Displacement transfer is often responsible for the distortion and branching of the surface anticlines, especially in the region where the multi-level detachment structures is developed. We also present some examples from the frontal structures of the Southern Tianshan fold-and-thrust belt, Xinjiang, china. Displacement transfer between deep imbricate thrusts in the middle segment of Qiulitag anticline zone causes the Kuqatawu and Southern Qiulitag deep an- ticlines left-lateral echelon. The region, where these two deep anticlines overlap, is characterized by duplex structures, and extends about 18 km. The shallow anticline is migrated southward displaying obvious “S” form in this area.

关键词： displacement transfer fault-bend folding reverse symmetry model infinitely equal division model Qiulitag zone.

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中国西北地区石炭—二叠系油气勘探前景

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新疆石油地质 2008年第4期29卷 415-419页

作者：康玉柱中国石化勘探开发研究院北京100083

较系统地分析了中国西北地区石炭-二叠系沉积体系、含油气体系及典型油气田,认为我国西北地区的塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、吐哈盆地、伊宁盆地、三塘湖盆地、柴达木盆地、酒泉盆地、巴丹吉林盆地及六盘山盆地等石炭-二叠系油气资源较丰富... 详细信息

较系统地分析了中国西北地区石炭-二叠系沉积体系、含油气体系及典型油气田,认为我国西北地区的塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、吐哈盆地、伊宁盆地、三塘湖盆地、柴达木盆地、酒泉盆地、巴丹吉林盆地及六盘山盆地等石炭-二叠系油气资源较丰富,具有较好的含油气前景,是今后重点勘探的层系之一。

关键词：中国西北石炭系二叠系含油气体系油气田

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Limitation of fault-sealing and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation——An example from the Laoyemiao Oilfi eld of the Nanpu Sag

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petroleum Science 2008年第4期5卷 295-301页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Dong Yuexia Li Hongyi Liu Luofu Liu Guangdi Li Xiaoying Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Research institute of exploration and Development Jidong Oilfield PetroChina Tangshan Hebei 063004 China School of Resources and Information Technology China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Based on previous studies on the internal structures of fault belts, the fault belts in the Laoyemiao Oilfield of the Nanpu Sag can be divided into three units, a crushed zone, an upper induced fracture zone and a lower induced fracture zone according to the log response characteristics. The upper induced fracture zone is characterized by the development of pervasive fractures and has a poor sealing or non-sealing capability. It therefore can act as pathways for hydrocarbon migration. The lower induced fracture zone consists of fewer fractures and has limited sealing capability. The crushed zone has a good sealing capability comparable to mudstone and can thus prevent lateral migration of fluid. Through physical modeling and comparing laboratory data with calculated data of oil column heights of traps sealed by faults, it is concluded that the fault-sealing capability for oil and gas is limited. When the oil column height reaches a threshold, oil will spill over from the top of reservoir along the lower induced fracture zone under the action of buoyancy, and the size of reservoir will remain unchanged. Analysis of the formation mechanisms of the fault-sealed reservoirs in the Nanpu Sag indicated that the charging sequence of oil and gas in the reservoir was from lower formation to upper formation, with the fault playing an important role in oil and gas accumulation. The hydrocarbon potential in reverse fault-sealed traps is much better than that in the consequent fault-sealed traps. The reverse fault-sealed traps are favorable and preferred exploration targets.

关键词： Limitation of fault-sealing fault belt oil column height hydrocarbon accumulation Nanpu Sag

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Abnormal high pressure in Kuqa foreland thrust belt of Tarim basin: Origin and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1307-1314页

作者： ZENG Lianbo~1** and LIU Benming~ 1,2 (1. Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in china petroleum University, Ministry of Education, beijing 102249, china 2. The institute of Oil and Gas exploration and Development, Tarim Oilfield Company, Petrochina Company Limited, Korla 841000, china) Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in china Petroleum University Ministry of Education Beijing 102249 China The institute of Oil and Gas exploration and Development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Company Limited Korla 841000 China

Following analyses of the abnormal high pressure distribution characteristics, based on the geological characteristics, tectonic stress field and physical simulation, we investigated the formation mechanisms of abnormal high pressure and its impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure appears at the bottom of the Paleogene and obviously exists in the Triassic and Jurassic. However, the pressure coefficient in the Triassic and Jurassic is lower than that in the Cretaceous and at the bottom of the Paleogene. Horizontally, the abnormal high pressure distribution is characterized by E-W orientation zoning. The maximum pressure coefficient lies in the Kelasu-Dongqiu-Dina tectonic zones in the center of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt and decreases away from the tectonic zones. The formation of abnormal high pressure was mainly related with the intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene time, and tectonic uplifting, undercompaction and hydrocarbon generation were secondary factors contributing to abnormal high pressure. Under the rapid and intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene, the rock framework firstly undertook 1/4 of the compression stress and the other was borne by the pore fluids. Due to the presence of great seal of gypsum-salt or gypsum-mudstone beds in the Paleogene, the pressure of pore fluids increased rapidly and led to the abnormal high pressure in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure has important impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation. It is one of the necessary conditions for formation of large oil and gas fields in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt.

关键词： abnormal high pressure formation mechanism oil and gas reservoir Kuqa foreland thrust belt Tarim basin.

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石油开发地质方法论（一）

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石油勘探与开发 1996年第2期 103-110页

作者： Qiu Yinan(Research institute of petroleum exploration and Development,CNPC, beijing, 100083, P. R. china )

石油开发地质方法论（一）ＴＨＥＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＬＯＧＹＯＦＰＥＴＲＯＬＥＵＭＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＧＥＯＬＯＧＹ（Ⅰ）￥ＱｉｕＹｉｎａｎ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍＥｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎａ... 详细信息

石油开发地质方法论（一）ＴＨＥＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＬＯＧＹＯＦＰＥＴＲＯＬＥＵＭＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＧＥＯＬＯＧＹ（Ⅰ）￥ＱｉｕＹｉｎａｎ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍＥｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ，ＣＮＰ...

关键词： petroleum geology petroleum development geology Reservoir description Methodology

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Numerical simulation and application of three-dimensional oil resources migration-accumulation of fluid dynamics in porous media

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第8期51卷 1144-1163页

作者： YUAN YiRang1 & HAN YuJi2 1 institute of Mathematics,Shandong University,Ji’nan 250100,china 2 Physical exploration institute of Shengli petroleum Administration,Dongying 257022,china institute of Mathematics Shandong University Ji’nan China Physical exploration institute of Shengli petroleum Administration Dongying China

Numerical simulation of oil migration and accumulation is to describe the history of oil migration and accumulation in basin evolution. It is of great value in evaluation of oil resources and determination of the location and amount of oil deposits. Based on such actual conditions as the effects of fluid mechanics in porous media and 3-dimensional geology characteristics,a kind of modified method of second order upwind finite difference fractional steps implicit interactive scheme was put forward. As for the actual problem of Dongying hollow,Huimin hollow,Tanhai region and Yangxin hollow in Shengli petroleum Oil Field,a numerical simulation test was carried out,and the result is basically coincident with the actual conditions. For the model problem,optimal order estimates were derived. Thus the well-known problem on oil resources was solved.

关键词： nonlinear mechanics of immiscible flow 3-dimensional migration-accumulation of oil resources upwind fractional steps numerical simulation numerical analysis

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Formation and evolution of the Chinese marine basins

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Science Bulletin 2007年第S1期 1-11页

作者： JIA ChengZao1, LI BenLiang2, 3, ZHANG XingYang3 & LI ChuanXin1 1 Research institute of petroleum exploration and Development, Petrochina, beijing 100083, china 2 Resources and Information institute, china University of petroleum, beijing 102249, china 3 Central Laboratory of petroleum Geology Research, Research institute of petroleum exploration and Development, beijing 100083, china

There are plenty of petroleum resources in the Chinese marine basins, which will be the potential exploration regions of petroleum in the 21st century. The formation and evolution of the Chinese marine basins have mainly undergone two major tectonic epochs and five tectonic evolution stages. The first major tectonic epoch is the early Paleozoic plate divergence and drifting epoch during which the marine basins were formed, and the second one is the late Paleozoic plate convergence and collision epoch during which the pre-existent marine basins were superimposed and modified. The five tectonic evolution stages include: ① the drifting of micro-continental plates in Oceans and the formation of marine basins mainly filled with carbonate rocks during Proterozoic-Middle Carboniferous; ② the northward collage and convergence of continental plates and the development of the paralic sedimentary basins during Late Carboniferous-Middle Triassic; ③ the tectonically stabilized stage after the plate collage and the superimposition of lacustrine basins controlled by the inland subsidence during Late Triassic-Early Cretaceous; ④ the stage of the inland deformation and successive deep burial, uplifting, erosion or breakage of marine basins influenced by the plate tectonic activities of Neo-Tethys Ocean and the West Pacific developed in Late Cretaceous-Paleocene; ⑤ the stage of the foreland compression and basin-range coupling in the margin of the marine basins caused by the collision between India and Eurasia Plates and its long-distance effect since Neocene. The process of the tectonic evolution has controlled the petroleum geologic characteristics of Chinese marine basins, and a material foundation for the formation of oil and gas reservoirs has been built up via the formation of Paleozoic ma- rine basins, and the Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic superimposition and modification have controlled the key conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation and preservation. From the Late Proterozoic to

关键词： marine basin plate tectonics tectonics evolution petroleum exploration

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THEORETICAL RESEARCH ON THE CONTACT PROBLEM OF THE ROLLER BEARING IN ROCK-BITS

THEORETICAL RESEARCH ON THE CONTACT PROBLEM OF THE ROLLER BE...

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第二届中日国际机械零件会议

作者： Wang Fangfei (Research institute of petroleum exploration & Development beijing china 100083) Luo Wei (University of petroleum beijing china 102200)

＜正＞The theoretical research on the contact problem for roller bearing in rock-bits is presented by using the numerical method of three dimension non-Hertzian elastic contact *** calculated results reveal that the early fatigue of bearing is due to the singularity of contact pressure towards the ends of roller with straight line profile.

关键词： Rock bit Roller bearing Contact problem

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世界巨型气田近十年的变化分析

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天然气工业 2004年第6期24卷 127-130页

作者：张抗中国石化股份公司石油勘探开发研究院

20世纪 90年代初可采储量 (文中储量皆指可采储量 )大于 1万亿立方米的巨型气田有 16个 ,最大的乌连戈依 (Urengoy)气田 8.0 5万亿立方米。 10年来巨型气田的数目、储量及占全球气储量的比例都有明显增加 ,其中俄罗斯占了较大的份额。 ... 详细信息

20世纪 90年代初可采储量 (文中储量皆指可采储量 )大于 1万亿立方米的巨型气田有 16个 ,最大的乌连戈依 (Urengoy)气田 8.0 5万亿立方米。 10年来巨型气田的数目、储量及占全球气储量的比例都有明显增加 ,其中俄罗斯占了较大的份额。 2 1世纪初巨型气田增至 2 2个 ,占全球气储量约 4 0 %。其中最大的北方—南帕尔斯(North -SouthPars)跨越卡塔尔和伊朗国界 ,储量 13.4 5万亿立方米 ,和占第 2位的乌连戈依气田 (储量 10 .2万亿立方米 )共约占世界储量的 14 % ;2～ 10万亿立方米的气田 10个 ,占世界储量的 18.4 %。已发现气田储量的持续增长 ,占巨型气田储量增长和世界天然气储量增长的重要份额 ,如乌连戈伊和北方气田增储分别为 2 .15万亿立方米和 8.4万亿立方米。上世纪 90年代发现的 76个大油气田中气的比例明显大于石油和凝析油 ,这个增长势头至少将持续到 2 0 2 0年左右。

关键词：巨型气田储量划分标准油气资源凝析油俄罗斯美国

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Petrophysical and capillary pressure properties of the upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation tight gas sandstones in western Sichuan,china

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petroleum Science 2011年第1期8卷 34-42页

作者： Ye Sujuan Lu Zhengxiang Li Rong exploration and production Research institute Sinopec Southwest CompanySichuan 610081China Chengdu institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Sichuan 610081China

The tight sandstones of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation（T_3x） constitute important gas reservoirs in western *** Xujiahe sandstones are characterized by low to very low porosity （av.5.22%and 3.62%） for the T_3x^4 and T_3x^2 sandstones,respectively）,extremely low permeability（av. 0.060 mD and 0.058 mD for the T_3x^4 and T_3x^2 sandstones,respectively）,strong heterogeneity,micronano pore throat,and poor pore throat *** a result of complex pore structure and the occurrence of fractures,weak correlations exist between petrophysical properties and pore throat size,demonstrating that porosity or pore throat size alone does not serve as a good permeability *** improved correlations can be obtained between permeability and porosity when pore throat radii are incorporated. Correlations between porosity,permeability,and pore throat radii corresponding to different saturations of mercury were established,showing that the pore throat radius at 20%mercury saturation（R_（20）） is the best permeability *** regression analysis and artificial neural network（ANN） methods were used to establish permeability prediction models and the unique characteristics of neural networks enable them to be more successful in predicting permeability than the multivariate regression *** addition, four petrophysical rock types can be identified based on the distributions of R_（20）,each exhibiting distinct petrophysical properties and corresponding to different flow units.

关键词： Western Sichuan upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation tight sandstones permeability porosity pore throat radius regression analysis artificial neural network

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