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Effects of slow-release urea fertilizers on urease activity, microbial biomass, and nematode communities in an aquic brown soil

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Science china(Life sciences) 2005年第z1期48卷 26-32页

作者： JIAO Xiaoguang, LIANG Wenju, CHEN Lijun, ZHANG Haijun, LI Qi, WANG Peng & WEN Dazhong Key laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china Shenyang Experimental Station of Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 10003., china 1. Key laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences 110016 Shenyang China 2. Shenyang Experimental Station of Ecology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences 110016 Shenyang China 3. Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences 100039 Beijing China

A field experiment was carried out at the Shenyang Experimental Station of Ecology (CAS) in order to study the effects of slow-release urea fertilizers high polymer-coated urea (SRU1), SRU1 mixed with dicyandiamide DCD (SRU2), and SRU1 mixed with calcium carbide CaC2 (SRU3. on urease activity, microbial biomass C and N, and nematode communities in an aquic brown soil during the maize growth period. The results demonstrated that the application of slow-release urea fertilizers inhibits soil urease activity and increases the soil NH4+-N *** available N increment could promote its immobilization by microorganisms. Determination of soil microbial biomass N indicated that a combined application of coated urea and nitrification inhibitors increased the soil active N pool. The population of predators/omnivores indicated that treatment with SRU2 could provide enough soil NH4+-N to promote maize growth and increased the food resource for the soil fauna compared with the other treatments.

关键词： slow-release urea, urease activity, microbial biomass, nematode community, aquic brown soil.

非解朊栖热菌HG102耐热β-糖苷酶的结构与功能研究

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生物工程学报 2005年第1期21卷 84-91页

作者：杨雪鹏杨寿钧韩北忠金城中国科学院微生物研究所微生物资源前期开发国家重点实验室北京100080 中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院北京100083

非解朊栖热菌HG10 2耐热 β_糖苷酶为 (β α) 8桶状结构 ,是具有水解功能和转糖苷功能的单体酶。该酶可以作为一个很好的模型来研究糖苷酶的反应机制、底物特异性和耐热的分子基础。根据对该酶的晶体结构解析和同家族酶的结构比较 ,推... 详细信息

非解朊栖热菌HG10 2耐热 β_糖苷酶为 (β α) 8桶状结构 ,是具有水解功能和转糖苷功能的单体酶。该酶可以作为一个很好的模型来研究糖苷酶的反应机制、底物特异性和耐热的分子基础。根据对该酶的晶体结构解析和同家族酶的结构比较 ,推测Glu16 4和Glu3.8分别是质子供体和亲核基团两个活性位点 ;在α_螺旋N端第一位的脯氨酸和蛋白质外周的精氨酸是耐热机制的关键位点和关键氨基酸残基。为确定这些氨基酸残基的功能 ,通过基因定点突变的方法分别把Glu16 4、Glu3.8、Pro3.6、Pro3. 6、Pro3.4和Arg3. 5置换成Gln、Ala、Gly、Ala、Phe和Leu ,同时还对Pro3.6和Pro3. 6进行了双置换。突变酶经过纯化得到电泳纯 ,用CD光谱进行了野生酶和突变酶的结构比较。通过突变酶的酶功能和酶学性质分析 ,结果表明Glu16 4和Glu3.8分别是质子供体和亲核基团 ,亲核基团的突变酶TnglyE3.8A可以合成混合型糖苷键寡糖类似物 ;在α_螺旋N端第一位的Pro3.6和Pro3. 6以及在蛋白质外周形成离子键的Arg3. 5均是对耐热性有贡献的关键氨基酸残基。

关键词： β-糖苷酶转糖苷活性热稳定性定点突变

Plant Diversity Reduces the Effect of Multiple Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil Enzyme Activities and microbial Community Structure

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Plant Diversity Reduces the Effect of Multiple Heavy Metal P...

第六届全国环境化学大会暨环境科学仪器与分析仪器展览会

作者： Yang Gao~(1,4),Jun Xia~1,Yafeng Wang~2,Chiyuan Miao~3.Pei Zhou~4 (1.Key laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes,Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural resources Research,{3. academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2.State Key laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences,{3. academy of sciences,beijing 100085,china 3.College of Global Change and Earth System Science,beijing Normal University,beijing 100078,china 4.School of Agriculture and Biology,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,china)

＜正＞It is unclear whether certain plant species and plant diversity could offset the impacts of multiple heavy metal pollution on soil microbial structure and soil enzyme *** amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD） was used to analyze the genetic diversity and microbial similarity in planted and unplanted soil under combined cadmium （Cd） and lead（Pb） pollution.A metal hyperaccumulator,Brassica juncea,and a common plant,Festuca arundinacea Schreb,were used in this *** results showed that micro-organism quantity in planted soil significantly increased,compared with that in

关键词：

NAVIGATED BY METAGENOMICS:A CASE STUDY OF THE microbial COMMUNITY IN THE SOUTH china SEA

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NAVIGATED BY METAGENOMICS:A CASE STUDY OF THE MICROBIAL COMM...

2008年中国微生物学会学术年会

作者： Chengzhang Fu~(1,4),Jiang Bian~(1,2,4),Nuo Sun~(1,3.4),Gang Pei~(1,4),HongLing Chen~1,Jian Wang~(1,2,4),Biao Ren~(1,4),FuHang Song~1,LiXin Zhang~(1,2,4) 1.Institute of microbiology,chinese academy of {3.,beijing,100101,P.R.china. 2.South china Sea Institute of Oceanology,chinese academy of {3.,Guangzhou,5103.1,P. R.china. 3.Institute of Oceanology,chinese academy of {3.,Qingdao 266071,china. 4.Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing,100049,P.R.china.

Background and aims:Recently,oceans have been found as unexploited treasure troves comparing to their terrestrial *** aim to analyze the microbial community in samples obtained from the South china Sea to guide the construction of metagenomic libraries and subsequent study of unknown environmental functional genes.

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Biogas recovery from microwave heated sludge by anaerobic digestion

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 144-149页

作者： QIAO Wei1,WANG Wei2,ZHU CuiPing3.& ZHANG ZhongZhi1 1 College of Chemical Science and Engineering,china University of Petroleum,beijing 102249,china 2 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tsinghua University,beijing 10084,china 3.J & K china Cleaning Energy Technology Co.Ltd.,beijing 100085,china 1. College of Chemical Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China2. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 10084 China3. J & K China Cleaning Energy Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing 100085 China

Biogas generated from sewage sludge,livestock waste,and food waste by anaerobic digestion is a valuable renewable energy ***,conventional anaerobic digestion is not an efficient process.A long hydraulic retention time and low biogas recovery rate hinder the applications of those *** effective pretreatment method to destroy sludge microbial cells has been one of the major concerns regarding improvement of the biogas *** article focuses on the effects of microwave heating on sludge anaerobic *** suspended solid(VSS) and chemical organic demand solubilization of heated sludge were *** heating was found to be a rapid and efficient process for releasing organic substrates from *** increase of organic dissolution ratio was not obvious when holding time was over 5 min with microwave *** effect of the VSS solubilization was primarily dependent on heating *** highest value of VSS dissolving ratio,3..4%,was obtained at 170°C for 3. *** COD dissolving ratio was about 25% at 170°*** organic carbon of treated sludge liquor was 1.98 and 2.73.g/L at 150°C and 170°C for 5 min,respectively.A biochemical methane potential(BMP) test of excess sludge and a mixture of primary and excess sludge demonstrated an increase in biogas *** total biogas from microwave treated mixture sludge increased by 12.9% to 20.2% over control after 3. days of *** production was 11.1% to 25.9% higher for excess sludge than for untreated *** VS removal ratios of mixture sludge and excess sludge were 12% and 11% higher,respectively,compared to the untreated sludge.

关键词： biogas recovery microwave heating sludge anaerobic digestion

Comparative research of anthraquinone,triphenylmethane and azo dyes decolorization by a newly isolated Bacillus cereus strain DC11

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Comparative research of anthraquinone,triphenylmethane and a...

第十次全国环境微生物学术研讨会

作者： Daiyong Deng Jun Guo Guoqu zeng Guoping Sun Daiyong Deng South china Botanical Garden,chinese academy of {3.,Guangzhou 510650,china Guangdong Institute of microbiology,Guangzhou 510070,china china Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 10003.,china Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of microbial Culture Collection and Application,Guangzhou 510070,china Jun Guo,Guoqu zeng,Guoping Sun Guangdong Institute of microbiology,Guangzhou 510070,china

A broad-spectrum dye-decolorizing and degradation bacterium,strain DC11,was isolated and identified as a member of Bacillus cereus from activated *** important parameters including pH,temperature,oxygen concentration and carbon sources were comparatively studied using anthraquinone,triphenylmethane,and azo dyes,*** color removal,the suitable pH and temperature were 6.0-8.0 and 20-45℃,*** than 95% of 100 μM Acid Blue 25 (anthraquinone dye) was anaerobic degraded within 8 *** than 95% of 750 μM Basic Blue X-GRRL (azo dye) was anaerobic decolorized within 2 *** strain could also decolorize 98% of the 55 μM Malachite Green (triphenylmethane dye) within 6 h under microaerophilic or anaerobic *** fraction decolorizing assays showed that the color removal of these dyes was contributed to the soluble cytosolic fraction,and these functional components showed NADH/NADPH-dependent *** products were analyzed with *** intermediate metabolite was presented before the anthraquinone bone breakage in Acid Blue 25 degradation;Malachite Green was degraded into 4,4’-bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone and benzophenone;and Basic Blue X-GRRL decolorization was mainly due to the azo bond breakage.

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microbial Transformation of Taxoids and Synthesis of Taxoids with an Oxetane Ring

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chinese Chemical Letters 1998年第1期9卷 39-43页

作者： Shang Hut HU Xu Fang TIAN Wen Yi HE Man KONG Di An SUN Qi Cheng FANG(Institute of Materia Medica, chinese academy of Medical sciences and Peking Union Medical College, {3. 100050) chinese Acad Med Sci Inst Mat Med Beijing 100050 Peoples R China Peking Union Med Coll Beijing 100050 Peoples R China

microbial trdrisformation of taxoids was inveStigared: taxoid 2 was transformed into 1β and 14β hydroxylated derivahves 3.and 4, unnatural taxoid 6 was transformed into 1β-hydroxy derivative 7 and 11(15-1) abeotaxa... 详细信息

关键词： Taxoid abeotaxane oxetane ring chemoenzymatic method

钝顶螺旋藻 (Spirulina platensis)藻胆体Langmuir- Blodgett膜(英文)

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生物化学与生物物理学报 2003年第10期35卷 952-955页

作者：陈超张玉忠陈秀兰周百成高鸿钧山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室中国科学院物理研究所纳米物理与器件实验室济南250100 中国科学院海洋研究所青岛266071 北京10008

从钝顶螺旋藻中分离制备完整藻胆体 ,然后滴加于空气水界面上 ,应用LB膜技术制备藻胆体LB膜。结果表明 ,藻胆体在空气水界面上具有很好的成膜性能。将藻胆体LB单层膜转移到刚揭开的云母表面 ,喷一层金 ,然后用扫描隧道显微镜观察。结... 详细信息

从钝顶螺旋藻中分离制备完整藻胆体 ,然后滴加于空气水界面上 ,应用LB膜技术制备藻胆体LB膜。结果表明 ,藻胆体在空气水界面上具有很好的成膜性能。将藻胆体LB单层膜转移到刚揭开的云母表面 ,喷一层金 ,然后用扫描隧道显微镜观察。结果表明 ,藻胆体在Langmuir Blodgett膜中的排列方式与其在体内类囊体膜表面的排列方式类似 ,一排排聚集在一起 ,然后排列成膜。藻胆体的“核”吸附在云母表面 ,而藻胆体的“杆”伸向外面。由于钝顶螺旋藻易于规模化培养 ,藻胆体容易批量制备 ,加之藻胆体具有的独特的光物理、光化学特性和良好的成膜性能 ,以及本身就是纳米量级的颗粒 (5 0 70nm) ,预示着藻胆体在纳米光电子器件中具有很好的应用前景。

关键词：钝顶螺旋藻藻胆体 Langmuir-Blodgett膜扫描隧道显微镜(STM)

Microfossils from the Upper Sinian (Late Neoproterozoic) Doushantuo Formation in Changyang, Western Hubei, china

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Continental Dynamics 1999年第2期 1-18页

作者： YIN Chongyu (Institute of Geology,chinese academy of Geological sciences, {3. 10003.)

Chert of the Upper Sinian Doushantuo Formation near Changyang, western Hubei, china, contains an exceptionally well-preserved assemblage of spinose, spheroidal, and filamentous microfossils belonging to nineteen species. In this assemblage at least fifteen taxa are recognised to be plankton and only four to be microbenthos. The existing of large acanthomorphic acritarchs and a small number of microbenthos (matbuilding cyanobacteria) suggest an open coastal marine depositional environment. In comparison with probable coeval assemblages described from the Baklia Formation Prins Karls Forland, Svalbard (Knoll, 1992a) and the Biskopasen Conglomerate, Norway (Spjeldnaes 1963. 1967; Vidal, 1990), the Doushantuo microfossils (which have similar taxa) are remarkably abundant, diverse, and well-preserved. These data demonstrate the broad geographical distribution of pre-Ediacarian microbial taxa and further validate the use of acritarchs for the correlation of pre-Ediacarian successions.

关键词： microfossils Upper Sinian Doushantuo Formation Late Neoproterozoic