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Ecological response to the climate change on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in xinjiang

Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第6期48卷 765-777页

作者： chen xi1, LUO Geping1, xiA Jun2, ZHOU Kefa1, LOU Shaoping3 & YE Minquan4.1. xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, urumqi 83.011, {4. 2. Institute of Geographical and Resources Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, {4. 3. urumqi Meteorological-satellite Land Station, urumqi 83.011, {4. 4. seismological bureau of xinjiang uygur autonomous region, urümqi 83.011, china correspondence should be addressed to chen xi 1. xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences 830011 Urumqi China 2. Institute of Geographical and Resources Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 3. urumqi Meteorological-satellite Land Station 830011 Urumqi China 4. seismological bureau of xinjiang uygur autonomous region 830011 Urümqi China

The Tianshan Mountains is a high and huge mountain body lying across the central part of xinjiang, china, and is also the main area where the runoff forms in xinjiang. In this paper, a set of RS-based study methods is put forward for deriving the information about the natural change of the ecology in arid areas, and the relationship between the climate change trend and the corresponding ecological response on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains since recent 4. years is analyzed from the scales of the land cover ecosystems and landscapes based on the observed data of climate, hydrology, modern glaciers and lakes on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains since recent 4. years and the satellite RS data since recent 10 years by using the RS and GIS technologies. The results are as follows: (1) The overall trend of climate change on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains since recent 4. years is that both air temperature and precipitation are increased, especially the increase amplitudes of air tempera-ture, precipitation and annual runoff volume are high since the decade of the 1990s; (2) the in-tegrated indexes of the vegetation in all the geographical divisions on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains are obviously increased since recent 10 years, especially in the artificial oases and the foothill belts, such a change trend is advantageous for improving the vegetation ecology; and (3) the vegetation ecology in the arid areas is extremely sensitive to the climate change, the vegetation coverage and the biomass on the northern slope of the Tianshan Moun-tains are continuously increased because of the climate change since recent 10 years, their in-crease amplitudes in the plains and during the late stage are obviously higher than that in the mountainous regions and during the early stage.

关键词： north slope of the Tianshan Mountains, climate change, hydrological change, natural change of ecology,RS and GIS, vegetation index.

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