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Jensen's Inequality for Backward Stochastic Differential Equations

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2006年第5期27卷 553-564页

作者： Long JIANG Department of Mathematics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China school of Mathematical sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 2004.3, China school of Mathematics and System sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China. Department of Mathematics China University of Mining Technology Xuzhou 221008 Jiangsu China school of Mathematical sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China school of Mathematics System sciences Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

Under the Lipschitz assumption and square integrable assumption on g, the author proves that Jensen＇s inequality holds for backward stochastic differential equations with generator g if and only if g is independent of y, g（t, 0）≡ 0 and g is super homogeneous with respect to z. This result generalizes the known results on Jensen＇s inequality for gexpectation in [4. 7-9].

关键词： Backward stochastic differential equation g-Expectation Jensen's inequality for g-expectation Jensen's inequality for BSDEs

Association of DRD2 polymorphisms and chlorpromazine-induced extrapyramidal syndrome in Chinese schizophrenic patients

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第8期27卷 966-970页

作者： Sheng-nan WU~(2,3,5,6) Rui GAO~(2,3,6) Qing-he XING~(2,3,6) Hua-fang LI~4.Yi-feng SHEN~4.Niu-fan GU~4.Guo-yin FENG~4.Lin HE~(2,3,7)2 Bio-X Life Science Research Center,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030,China 3 Institute of Nutritional sciences,SIBS,Chinese Academy of sciences,Shanghai 200031,China 4.Shanghai Institute of Mental Health,Shanghai 200030,China 5 Shanghai Institute of Hypertension,Ruijin Hospital,Medical school of Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200025,China Bio-X Life Science Research Center Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China

Aim:Extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS) is most commonly affected by typical antip-sychotic drugs that have a high affinity with the D2 ***,manyresearch groups have reported on the positive relationship between the geneticvariations in the DRD2 gene and the therapeutic response in schizophrenia pa-tients as a result of the role of variations in the receptor in modulating *** this study,we evaluate the role DRD2 plays in chlorpromazine-induced EPS in schizophrenic ***:We identified seven SNP(singlenucleotide polymorphism) (-14.Cins>del,TaqIB,TaqID,Ser311Cys,rs6275,rs6277and TaqIA) in the DRD2 gene in 14. schizophrenic inpatients (59 with EPS and 87without EPS according to the Simpson-Angus Scale) treated with chlorpromazineafter 8 *** alleles of all loci were determined by PCR (polymerase chainreaction).Results:Polymorphisms TaqlD,Ser311Cys and rs6277 were not poly-morphic in the population recruited in the present *** statistical signifi-cance was found in the allele distribution of-14.Cins>del,TaqIB,rs6275 andTaqIA or in the estimated haplotypes (constituted by TaqIB,rs6275 and TaqIA) inlinkage disequilibrium between the two ***:Our results did notlend strong support to the view that the genetic variation of the DRD2 gene playsa major role in the individually variable adverse effect induced by chlorpromazine,at least in Chinese patients with *** results confirmed a previousstudy on the relationship between DRD2 and EPS in Caucasians.

关键词： dopamine receptors basal ganglia disease polymorphism chlorpromazine schizophrenia

A preliminary molecular historical biogeography of Caragana (Leguminosae) based on ITS and trnL-F DNA sequence data

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Journal of Arid Land 2009年第1期1卷 64-73页

作者： MingLi ZHANG1,2, Yun KANG3 , JunBo YANG4.1 Laboratory of Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation in Arid Region, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of sciences, Urumqi 830011, China 2 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100093, China 3 school of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China 4.Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of sciences, Kunming 650204. China Chinese Acad Sci Lab Evolut & Biodivers Conservat Arid Reg Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog Urumqi 830011 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Bot Beijing 100093 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Sch Pharm Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Kunming Inst Bot Kunming 650204 Peoples R China

The nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cpDNA trnL-F internal spacer (IGS) sequence data of Caragana eight species and one outgroup Halimodendron halodendron, was employed to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree, then the area relationship was analyzed by means of component analysis (CA), Brooks parsimony analysis (BPA), and dispersal-vicariance analysis (DIVA), six areas were selected from two divided distributions of East Asia and Tethys in Caragana. The phylogenetic tree indicated that there were three distinctive groups, which were attributed to some morphological characters, first with pinnate foliage and deciduous rachis, second with palmate foliage and persistent sclerotic stick rachis, and third with pinnate foliage and persistent sclerotic stick rachis. The results of CA and BPA illustrated general area relationships. An explicit area relationship should be altai-Sayan, Far East NE China and North China (Hengduan Mountains). DIVA recognized several explanatory vicariance and dispersal events. As the scenario of Caragana distribution pattern, it looks like the vicariance versus dispersal plays more important role. In vicaraince, there are not only the isolated far-distance vicariance, but also the adjacent vicariance especially a vicariance between Hengduan Mountains and North China.

关键词： Caragana ITS trnL-F phylogeny cladistic biogeography DIVA distribution pattern

The lifting scheme of 4.channel orthogonal wavelet transforms

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第1期16卷 100-104页

作者： PENG Lizhong and CHU Xiaoyong (LMAM, school of Mathematical sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China) [a]Peking Universiy LMAM School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing China

The 4.channel smooth wavelets with linear phase and orthogonality are designed from the 2-channel orthogonal wavelets with high transfer vanishing moments. Reversely, for simple lifting scheme of such 4.channel orthogonal wavelet transforms, a new 2-channel orthogonal wavelet associated with this 4.channel wavelet is constructed. The new 2-channel wavelet has at least the same number of vanishing moments as the associated 4.channel one. Finally, by combining the two such 2-channel wavelet systems, the lifting scheme of 4.channel orthogonal wavelet transform, which has simple structure and is easy to apply, is presented.

关键词： lifting scheme 4.channel orthogonal wavelet 2-channel orthogonal wavelet vanishing moment transfer vanishing moment linear phase.

Analysis of forest backscattering characteristics based on polarization coherence tomography

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2010年第S1期53卷 166-175页

作者： LUO HuanMin 1,LI XiaoWen 1,2,CHEN ErXue 3,CHENG Jian 4.& CAO ChunXiang 21 Institute of Geo-Spatial Information Science and Technology,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610054.China 2 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of sciences and Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100101,China 3Institute of Forest Resources Information Technique of Chinese Academy of forestry,Beijing 100091,China 4.school of Electronic Engineering,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610054.China State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Inst Geospatial Informat Sci & Technol Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China Chinese Acad forestry Inst Forest Resources Informat Tech Beijing 100091 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Elect Engn Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China

It is difficult to make an inventory of vertical profiles of forest structure parameters in field ***,analysis and understanding of forest backscattering characteristics contribute to estimation and detection of forest vertical structure because of the close relationships between backscattering characteristics and structure *** vertical structure function in the complex interferometric coherence definition,which represents the vertical variation of microwave scattering with the penetration depth at a point in the 2-D radar image and can be used to analyze the forest backscattering characteristics,can be reconstructed from polarization coherence tomography(PCT).Based on PCT,the paper analyzes the forest backscattering characteristics and explores the inherent relationship between the result of PCT and the forest structure parameters from numerical simulation of Random Volume over Ground model(RVoG),Polarimetric SAR interferometry(PolInSAR)simulation of forest scene and PolInSAR data at L-band of the test site ***,the effects of the extinction coefficient and surface-to-volume scattering ratio in RVoG model on vertical backscattering characteristics are analyzed by means of numerical ***,by applying PCT to L-band POLInSAR simulations of forest scene,different variations of vertical backscattering due to different extinction coefficients and the ratios of surface-to-volume scattering resulting from different polarizations,forest types and densities are displayed and *** a concept of relative average backscattering intensity is presented,and the factors which affect its vertical distribution are also *** results show that there is high sensitivity of the vertical distribution of forest relative average backscattering intensity to the polarization,forest type and ***,based on repeat pass DLR E-SAR L-band airborne POLInSAR data,the capability of PCT technology for detection

关键词： backscattering characteristic POLInSAR PCT vertical structure function

Multiple Effects of Energy Issues and Countermeasures: A Case of Shandong Province

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2008年第4期6卷 88-94页

作者： Wang Chengxin1,2 , Wang Gefang3 , Yao Shimou4.1. College of Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan Shandong 250014. China 2. Research Center of Cycle Economy of Shandong Province, Jinan Shandong 250001, China 3. Party school of the Shandong Committee of CPC, Jinan Shandong 250021, China 4. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Nanjing Jiangsu 210008, China College of Population Resources and Environment Shandong Normal University Research Center of Cycle Economy of Shandong Province Party school of the Shandong Committee of CPC Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Energy is now becoming the bottleneck of urban and regional development. The paper takes Shandong Province, one of the most energy consuming provinces in China, as an example, uses quantity methods such as SPSS (Stastics Package for Social Science) cluster sampling and regression analysis, and applies quantity analysis, to analyze the situation of energy issues in Shandong province. The conflicts between the quick industrialization and increasing extensive economic development, between urban population and energy consuming per head, between the infinite energy consuming desire and the low level of managing system, and between the unstable world energy supply and the limited energy storage in China are the main factors of energy crisis in Shandong, which not only results in energy shortage, but also becomes the barrier of economic and social development. In order to ensure sufficient energy supply for Shandong province in the 21st century, we should take countermeasures, such as changing the economic development model, pursuing a multiple and high quality energy strategy, improving the intensive urbanization strategy, and building a scientific energy system.

关键词： energy effects countermeasure Shandong Province

THE GENERalIZED REFLEXIVE SOLUTION FOR A CLASS OF MATRIX EQUATIONS (AX-B,XC=D)

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2008年第1期28卷 185-193页

作者：李范良胡锡炎张磊 Institute of Mathematics and Physics School of SciencesCentral South University of Forestry and Technology College of Mathematics and Econometrics Hunan University

In this article, the generalized reflexive solution of matrix equations （AX = B, XC = D） is considered. With special properties of generalized reflexive matrices, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability and the general expression of the solution are obtained. Moreover, the related optimal approximation problem to a given matrix over the solution set is solved.

关键词： Matrix equations generalized reflexive matrix optimal approximation

Experimental Study of Sediment Incipience Under Complex Flows

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2008年第4期14卷 300-306页

作者： LIU Chunrong DENG Liying HUANG Zhenhua HUHE Aode Maritime Research Center School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 College of Mechanics and Aerospace Hunan University Changsha 410082 China school of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

Sediment incipience under flows passing a backward-facing step was studied. A series of experiments were conducted to measure scouring depth, probability of sediment incipience, and instantaneous flow velocity field downstream of a backward-facing step. Instantaneous flow velocity fields were measured by using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), and an image processing method for determining probability of sediment incipience was employed to analyze the experimental data. The experimental results showed that the probability of sediment incipience was the highest near the reattachment point, even though the near-wall instantaneous flow velocity and the Reynolds stress were both much higher further downstream of the backward-facing step. The possible me- chanisms are discussed for the sediment incipience near the reattachment point.

关键词： sediment transport local scour complex flows particle image velocimetry sediment incipience

Identification and removal of block ambiguities in sea surface wind field with scatterometers

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Science China Earth sciences 2009年第2期52卷 242-249页

作者： CHEN KeHai1,2, XIE XueTong3 & FANG Yu4.1 South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10004., China 3 school of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 4.0073, China 4.The Institute of Remote Sensing and GIS, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 1. South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. school of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China 4. The Institute of Remote Sensing and GIS Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The solution of the current wind retrieval algorithm for scatterometers has several wind vector ambi-guities, due to the bi-harmonic relationship between normalized backscattering cross section and the relative wind direction and the existence of the measurement error. In order to remove the ambiguities for a unique wind field, a circular median filter approach (CMF) is usually adopted. But under the con-dition for clustering distribution of the false ambiguities in some local areas, the CMF fails and thus engenders block ambiguities, which degrade the precision of the retrieved wind field. For such a situation, a technique of identification and removal of the block ambiguities is presented to further optimize the retrieved wind field after CMF. It is demonstrated in experiment that this technique can identify and remove most of the block ambiguities.

关键词： scatterometer block ambiguity identification and removal