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fMRI time series analysis based on stationary wavelet and spectrum analysis

Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2006年第11期16卷 1171-1176页

作者： ZHI Lianhe~ 1,2,3., ZHAO Xia~4. SHAN Baoci~1**, PENG Silong~5, YAN Qiang~1, YUAN Xiuli~1 and TANG Xiaowei~ 1,6 (1. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analysis Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10004., China 2. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10004., China 3. Department of Physics, Zhoukou Normal university, Zhoukou 4.6100, China 4. research {4. Center, university of texas health science Center, san antonio, texas 78229, usa 5. National ASIC Design and Engineering Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10004., China 6. Department of Physics, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou 3.0027, China) [a]Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analysis Techniques Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [b]Graduate School of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China [c]Department of Physics Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou China [d]research imaging Center University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio Texas USA [e]National ASIC Design and Engineering Center Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [f]Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

The low signal to noise ratio (SNR) of functional MRI (fMRI) prefers more sensitive data analysis methods. Based on stationary wavelet transform and spectrum analysis, a new method with high detective sensitivity was developed for analyzing fMRI time series, which does not require any prior assumption of the characteristics of noises. In the proposed method, every component of fMRI time series in the different time-frequency scales of stationary wavelet transform was discerned by the spectrum analysis, then the components from noises were removed using the stationary wavelet transform, finally the components of real brain activation were detected by cross-correlation analysis. The results obtained from both simulated and in vivo visual experiments illustrated that the proposed method has much higher sensitivity than the traditional cross-correlation method.

关键词： fMRI stationary wavelet transform spectrum analysis data analysis.

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Immunization with chlamydial plasmid protein pORF5 DNA vaccine induces protective immunity against genital chlamydial infection in mice

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science China(Life sciences) 2008年第11期51卷 973-980页

作者： LI ZhongYu1,2, WANG ShiPing1, Wu YiMou2, ZHONG GuangMing3.& CHEN Ding3.1 Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South university, Changsha 4.0078, China 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, university of South China, Hengyang 4.1001, China 3.university of texas {4. science Center at san antonio, TX 78229, usa Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha 410078 China Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of South China Hengyang 421001 China university of texas health {3. Center at{4. San Antonio TX 78229 USA

To validate the immune protective efficacy of pORF5 DNA vaccine and to analyze potential mechanisms related to this protection. In this study, pORF5 DNA vaccine was constructed and evaluated for its protective immunity in a mouse model of genital chlamydial infection. Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized intranasally with pORF5 DNA vaccine. Humoral and cell mediated immune responses were evaluated. The clearance ability of chlamydial challenge from the genital tract and the chlamy- dia-induced upper genital tract gross pathology and histopathological characterization were also de- tected. The results showed that the total and the IgG2a anti-pORF5 antibody levels in serum were sig- nificantly elevated after pcDNA3.1-pORF5 vaccination, as were the total antibody and IgA levels in vaginal fluids. pcDNA3.1-pORF5 induced a significantly high level of Th1 response as measured by robust gamma interferon (IFN-γ). Minimal IL-4.was produced by immune T cells in response to the re-stimulation with pORF5 protein or the inactive elementary body in vitro. pcDNA3.1-pORF5-vacci- nated mice displayed significantly reduced bacterial shedding upon a chlamydial challenge and an accelerated resolution of infection. 100% of pcDNA3.1-pORF5 vaccinated mice successfully resolved the infection by day 24. pcDNA3.1-pORF5-immunized mice also exhibited protection against patho- logical consequences of chlamydial infection. The stimulated index was significantly higher than that of mice immunized with pcDNA3.1 and PBS (P<0.05). Together, these results demonstrated that immu- nization with pORF5 DNA vaccine is a promising approach for eliciting a protective immunity against a genital chlamydial challenge.

关键词： Chlamydia trachomatis pORF5 DNA vaccine immune protection Th1 immune response

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Molecular regulation of cardiovascular cell growth and apoptosis in atherosclerotic coronary artery disease

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中国病理生理杂志 2010年第A10期26卷 1947-1948页

作者： Yong-Jian Geng(The Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis research,university of texas {3. {4. Center at Houston,and texas Heart Institute,Houston,usa.)

A balance between growth and apoptosis plays a critical role in maintaining the homeostasis of cardiovascular *** the development of atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis-associated coronary heart disease,many environmental factors exert regulatory effects on cardiovascular cells and their *** have recently investigated several proteins known to protect cells against ischemic damages.

关键词： cardiovascular homeostasis exert maintaining apolipoprotein damages Glucose blocked caspase protect

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Numerical simulation of the transient multiphase field during plasma deposition manufacturing composite materials

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第4期52卷 508-517页

作者： KONG FanRong1,2,ZHANG HaiOu1 & WANG GuiLan3.1 State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,Huazhong university of science and Technology,Wuhan 4.0074.China 2 research Center for Advanced Manufacturing,Southern Methodist university,3.01 Dyer Street,Dallas,{4. 75205,usa 3.College of Material science and Engineering,Huazhong university of science and Technology,Wuhan 4.0074.China 1. State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China 2. research Center for Advanced Manufacturing Southern Methodist University 3101 Dyer Street Dallas Texas 75205 USA 3. College of Material science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

A solid/liquid/gas unified model has been developed to investigate the gradient composition formation during the plasma deposition manufacturing(PDM) composite materials process. In this model,an enthalpy porosity model was applied to deal with the melting and solidification of the deposited layer,and a level-set approach was introduced to track the evolution of the free surface of the molten pool and the deposited layer. Moreover,complicated physical phenomena occurring at the liquid/gas interface,including forced convection heat loss,heat emission and plasma heat source,have been incorporated into the governing equations by source terms. In this study,the numerical experiment of nickel base alloy powder deposited on the medium steel substrate by PDM technique was implemented based on the staggered grid and SIMPLEC algorithm. Concentration gradient distribution of the solute material at the composite material interface,fluid flow and temperature distribution in the molten pool and the deposited layer have been investigated in detail.

关键词： plasma deposition manufacturing composite material solid/liquid/gas unified model level-set approach

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AN INTERIOR TRUST REGION ALGORITHM FOR NONLINEAR MINIMIZATION WITH LINEAR CONSTRAINTS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2002年第3期20卷 225-244页

作者： Jian-guo Liu (Department of Mathematics, university of North texas, Denton, TX 76203. usa) Department of Mathematics University of North Texas 美国 Denton

Presents information on a study which analyzed an interior trust-region-based algorithm for linearly constrained minimization problems. Optimality conditions for the linearly constrained minimization problem presented; Vectors for each updating step in the algorithm proposed; Establishment of the convergence properties of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Nonlinear programming Linear constraints Trust region algorithms Newton methods Interior algorithms Quadratic convergence

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Climate change tendency and grassland vegetation response during the growth season in Three-River Source Region

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science China Earth sciences 2010年第10期53卷 1506-1512页

作者： QIAN Shuan1,FU Yang2 & PAN FeiFei3.1 National Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081,China 2 Qinghai Meteorological research Institute,Xining 810001,China 3.Department of Geography,university of North texas,Denton,TX 76203.{3. 1. National Meteorological Center Beijing 100081 China2. Qinghai Meteorological Research Institute Xining 810001 China3. Department of Geography University of North Texas Denton TX 76203 USA

Climate change,climate suitablity change for grassland vegetation,and grassland response to climate change during the growth season are studied systematically by using meteorological data of temperature,precipitation,and length of sunlight from 1961 to 2007,NOAA/AVHRR NDVI from 1982 to 2006,and observations of grass height,biomass,and coverage in enclosed grassland from 1994.to *** models are developed to evaluate climate change and the climatic suitability of grassland vegetation *** temperature,accumulative precipitation,and length of sunlight during the growth season increased from 1961 to 2007 at rates of 0.24.C/10 yr,2.3. mm/10 yr,and 2.81 h/10 yr,*** increase rates of ave-rage temperature between April and May,and between June and August are 0.17 and 0.3.°C/10 yr;accumulative rainfall between April and May increased at a rate of 2.80 mm/10 yr,and accumulative rainfall between June and August decreased at a rate of 0.3. mm/10 yr;the increase rates of accumulative length of sunlight between April and May,and between June and August are 2.15 and 1.2 h/10 *** climatic suitability of grassland vegetation growth showed an increasing trend,and the increase rate between April and May is greater than that between June and *** NDVI observations from 1982 to 2006 and measurements of grass height,dry biomass,and coverage from 1994.to 2006 show that the climate change has resulted in an increase in plant productivity of the grassland in Three-River Source *** some protection measures are taken as soon as possible,the deteriorated grassland in Three-River Source Region can recover.

关键词： climate change climate suitability change grassland vegetation Three-River Source Region

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Molecular signal transduction in vascular cell apoptosis

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Cell research 2001年第4期11卷 253-264页

作者： GENG YONG JIAN Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, university of texas Houston {3. {4. Center Medical School, 64.1 Fannin Street, MSB 6.04., Houston, TX 7703., usa 1Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis research Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Houston Health Science Center Medical School 6431 Fannin Street MSB 6.045 Houston TX 77030 USA

Apoptosis is a form of genetically programmed cell death, which plays a key role in regulation of cellularity in a variety of tissue and cell types including the cardiovascular tissues. Under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions, various biophysiological and biochemical factors, including mechanical forces, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, cytokines, growth factors, oxidized lipoproteins, etc., ma influence apoptosis of vascular cells. The Fas/Fas ligand/caspase death-signaling pathway, Bcl-2 protein family/mitochondria, the tumor suppressive gene p53. and the proto-oncogene c-myc may be activated in atherosclerotic lesions, and mediates vascular apoptosis during the development of atherosclerosis. Abnormal expression and dysfunction of these apoptosis-regulating genes may attenuate or accelerate vascular cell apoptosis and affect the integrity and stability of atherosclerotic plaques. Clarification of the molecular mechanism that regulates apoptosis may help design a new strategy for treatment of atherosclerosis and ii major complication, the acute vascular syndromes.

关键词： Apoptosis vascular cells caspases atherosclerosis cytokines.

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Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

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地球空间信息科学学报（英文） 2011年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： ZHAN F. Benjamin ZHU Yiqing NING Jinsheng ZHOU Jiangcun LIANG Weifeng XU Yunma School of Resource and Envirorunental science Wuhan University 129 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China texas Center for Geographic Information science Texas State University San Marcos TX 78666 USA Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 340 Xudong Street Wuhan 430077 China Second Crust Monitoring and Application Center China Earthquake Administration Xi'An 710054 China School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan University 129 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 2002, and 2005 at stations of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) and examined gravity changes be-fore the occurrence of nine large (Ms≥6.8) earthquakes that ruptured within or near China's Mainland and Taiwan from November 2001 to August 2008. Results from this analysis show that significant gravity changes occurred across a large region before each of these nine large earthquakes, and these changes were detected by repeated ground gravity surveys through CMONOC. Although these gravity changes were significant, more research is needed to investigate whether these gravity changes could be viewed as precursors of large earthquakes. Limitations and uncertainties in the data include sparseness of the gravity monitoring network, long time intervals between consecutive gravity surveys, inevitable measurement errors, hydrological effects on gravity, and effects of vertical crustal movements on gravity. Based on these observations, we make several recommendations about possible future direc-tions in earthquake-related research using gravity monitoring data.

关键词： earthquake gravity seismology China Wenchuan geodesy GIS

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Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in antiviral immunity and autoimmunity

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science China(Life sciences) 2010年第2期53卷 172-182页

作者： TANG Fei1,2,DU Qiumei1,2 & LIU Yong-Jun3.1 Center for Infection and Immunity,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100101,China 2 Graduate university of Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 1000{3.,China 3.Department of Immunology and Center for Cancer Immunology research,university of texas,M.D.Anderson Cancer Center,Houston,texas 7703.,usa 1. Center for Infection and Immunity Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China3. Department of Immunology and Center for Cancer Immunology Research University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas 77030 USA

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) represent a unique and crucial immune cell population capable of producing large amounts of type I interferons (IFNs) in response to viral *** function of pDCs as the professional type I IFN-producing cells is linked to their selective expression of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR9,which sense viral nucleic acids within the endosomal *** I IFNs produced by pDCs not only directly inhibit viral replication but also play an essential role in linking the innate and adaptive immune *** aberrant activation of pDCs by self nucleic acids through TLR signaling and the ongoing production of type I IFNs do occur in some autoimmune ***,pDC may serve as an attractive target for therapeutic manipulations of the immune system to treat viral infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases.

关键词： plasmacytoid dendritic cells type I interferon TLR7 TLR9 antiviral immunity autoimmune diseases

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Involvement of the crebellum in sequential finger movement learning:Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging

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science Bulletin 2005年第17期 73-77页

作者： ZHU Yihong1, DI Haibo1,2, YUAN Yi3. REN Jin’ge3. YU Wei4. ZHANG Zhaoqi4. GAO Jiahong5, WENG Xuchu3.& CHEN Yizhang1 1. Medical School, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou 3.0006, China 2. Medical School, Hangzhou Normal university, Hangzhou 3.0018, China 3. Laboratory for Higher Brain Function, Institute of Psychology, Chi-nese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, China 4. Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Univer-sity, Beijing 100029, China 5. research {4. Center, university of texas health science Center, san antonio, texas, usa

Whether the cerebellum is involved in volun-tary motor learning or motor performance is the subject of a new debate. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined cerebellar activation in eight volun-teers before and after an extended period of training. Activa-tion volume on both sides of cerebellum after learning was significantly reduced compared to that before learning even under the same motor frequency. Remarkably, while motor frequency for the training sequence was significantly higher than the control sequence after 4. d of learning, activation in the cerebellum for both sequences, with respect to activation loci and volumes, was very similar. These results suggest that the cerebellum was involved in motor learning but not motor performance. Changes of cerebellar activation from training thus appear to be associated with learning but not with im-provement on task performance.

关键词： cerebellum learning performance sequential movement fMRI.

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