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Hydrological eco-service of rubber plantations in Hainan Island and its effect on local economic development

Journal of environmental sciences 2003年第5期15卷 701-709页

作者： JIANG Ju sheng , WANG Ru song (research center for {2. environmental {4., Chinese academy of {4., beijing 100085, china. research center for {2.-environmental {4. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China. jushen

The impacts of economic forest on global environmental change(GEC) are one of the hot issues in environmental study. Based on the 3 year observation data and 4. year climate data, GEC and analysis of the hydrological dynamic characteristics of rubber plantations and estimate of the water balance in the rubber plantations in Hainan Island were made. The results showed that the rainfall intercepted by the canopy of the plantations accounted for 11 4.% of the annual rainfall, the total runoff for 2. 71%, the total evaporation and transpiration for 63 2.3}, the soil moisture storage for 1 6%. Analysis of the 4. year rainfall data in the 19 counties of Hainan Island during 1951—1990 showed that the large scale substitution of the natural vegetation with the rubber plantations had no significant effect on the local rainfall in Hainan Island. The main reasons are (1) 80% of the rainfall in Hainan is brought by typhoons; (2. the proportion of 11 6% rubber plantations in total forest coverage in Hainan is not enough to influence the local rainfall in Hainan Island; and (3) although the rubber plantation is artificial vegetation, it has the similar function to the tropical rain forest. Analysis of the total water resource and total GDP of Hainan in 1997 showed that the economic benefit resulted from the water resource was 1 0 RMB Yuan/m 3 The value of hydrological of the rubber plantation in Hainan was 113 9 million RMB Yuan/a when compared with the tropical rain forest. The paper reaches conclusion that the hydrological eco service function of rubber plantation has been enhanced after transformed from natural vegetation, which includes the natural service and powerful social service.

关键词： eco service rubber plantation hydrological function Hainan Island

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Urbanization, environmental consequences and management in china

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Journal of environmental sciences 1995年第1期7卷 1-11页

作者： Lu Yonglong (research center for {2.-environmental {4.),Chinese Acaderny of Scieiences,beijing 100085,china) Sch Ctr for eco-Envmtl Sci Chinese Acad of Sci Beijing China China

Ｕｒｂａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ，ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓａｎｄｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔｉｎＣｈｉｎａＬｕＹｏｎｇｌｏｎｇ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎ... 详细信息

Ｕｒｂａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ，ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓａｎｄｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔｉｎＣｈｉｎａＬｕＹｏｎｇｌｏｎｇ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ），ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅ...

关键词： urbanization environmental management urban ecological planning

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Rural development with environmental sustainability

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Journal of environmental sciences 1994年第4期6卷 464-470页

作者： Lu Yonglong Wang Rusong (research center for {2.-environmental {4. , Chinese academy of {4. , beijing 100085 , china)

Rural development is a broad and meaningful concept. It means not only economic growth butalso changes towards a better direction in economic structure , social structure , relation between human soci-ety and environment, and even political structure. Present development should not damage the environmentbut leave the same or an improved natural resource endowment as a bequest to the future. This is the devel-opment with {2. sustainability. In this paper the characteristics of rural development were reex-amined, and what {2. sustainability means and how to measure it were explicitly presented. Prac-tical approaches for achieving {2. sustainability were also given with some cases from china.

关键词： rural development sustainable development i environmental sustainability.

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Anaerobic　biodegradability　of　terephthalic　acid　and　its　inhibitory　effect　on　anaerobic　digestion

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Journal of environmental sciences 1994年第2期6卷 180-188页

作者： Kuang Xin Wang Jusi(research center for {2.-environmental {4., Chinese academy of {4., beijing 100085, china)

The behavior of terephthalic acid (TPA) in anaerobic system has been studied bysemicontinuous bioassays under mesophilic condition with artificial TPA production wastewater. Theeffect of different loading rate of TPA on anaerobic digestion was studied under certain CODloading rate. The results showed that the TPA could be degraded anaerobically within a relativelylow range. The degradable concentration of TPA was less than 500 mg/L in the digester, higherconcentration of TPA could not be degraded totally and the rate of degradation might decrease withthe increase of feed amount. The inhibition is related to both loading rate and accumulatedconcentration of TPA in the digesters.

关键词： anaerobic biodegradability terephthalic acid inhibitory effect semi-continuous bioassay ac-cumulated concentration .

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Measurement of respiration amount of white birch（Betula platyphylla）population in the mountainous region of beijing

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Journal of environmental sciences 1995年第4期7卷 391-398页

作者： Fang Jingyun, Wang Xiaoke(research center for {2. - environmental {4. ,Chinese academy of {4., beijing 100085 , china)

Ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｒｅｓｐｉｒａｔｉｏｎａｍｏｕｎｔｏｆｗｈｉｔｅｂｉｒｃｈ（Ｂｅｔｕｌａｐｌａｔｙｐｈｙｌｌａ）ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎｏｕｓｒｅｇｉｏｎｏｆＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＦａｎｇＪｉ... 详细信息

Ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｒｅｓｐｉｒａｔｉｏｎａｍｏｕｎｔｏｆｗｈｉｔｅｂｉｒｃｈ（Ｂｅｔｕｌａｐｌａｔｙｐｈｙｌｌａ）ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎｏｕｓｒｅｇｉｏｎｏｆＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＦａｎｇＪｉｎｇｙｕｎ，ＷａｎｇＸｉａｏｋｅ（...

关键词： diameter distribution mountainous region of beijing respiration white birch population.

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Electrokinetic chemical characteristics of humic and dannic acids effecting on the natural water and its coagulation

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Journal of environmental sciences 1997年第1期9卷 71-79页

作者： Qu Jiuhui research center for {2.-environmental {4.,Chinese academy of {4.,beijing 100085,china Res. Ctr. for eco-Environ. sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Taking streaming current(SC)as the electrokinetic parameter,this paper demon- strated the electrokinetic chemical characteristics of humic and dannic acids(HA and DA)in sus- pensions including turbid water,coagulated water and HA or DA contained ***, the studies were carried out for determining the relationship between streaming current and zeta po- tential ζ(expressed by eleetrophoretie mobility EM)in above water *** addition,the mechanisms of HA effecting on streaming current within or after coagulant addition and the elec- trokinetic detection principles for HA or DA were also investigated on experiments and theoretical *** results indicated that the change of SC like ζ presented meaningful information con- cerning the degree for destabilization of a particulate suspension,and HA or DA in water could re- markably decrease the effect of inorganic coagulant upon streaming current,which is in accordance with their influence on coagulation.

关键词： electrokinetic chemical characteristics humic acid dannic acid natural water.

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Biodegradation of acetanilide herbicides acetochlor and butachlor in soil

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Journal of environmental sciences 2002年第4期14卷 524-529页

作者： YE Chang ming, WANG Xing jun, ZHENG He hui (research center for {2. environmental {4., Chinese academy of {4., beijing 100085, china. research center for {2.-environmental {4. Chinese Academy of Sciences 北京 100085

The biodegradation of two acetanilide herbicides, acetochlor and butachlor in soil after other environmental organic matters addition were measured during 35 days laboratory incubations. The herbicides were applied to soil alone, soil SDBS (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) mixtures and soil HA (humic acid) mixtures. Herbicide biodegradation kinetics were compared in the different treatment. Biodegradation products of herbicides in soil alone samples were identified by GC/MS at the end of incubation. Addition of SDBS and HA to soil decreased acetochlor biodegradation, but increased butachlor biodegradation. The biodegradation half life of acetochlor and butachlor in soil alone, soil SDBS mixtures and soil HA mixtures were 4.6d, 6.1d and 5.4. and 5.3d, 4.9d and 5.3d respectively. The biodegradation products were hydroxyacetochlor and 2. methyl 6 ethylaniline for acetochlor, and hydroxybutachlor and 2.6 diethylaniline for butachlor.

关键词： acetochlor butachlor soil biodegradation kinetics degradation products

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Evaluation of phosphorus removal from wastewater by soils in rural areas in china

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Journal of environmental sciences 2010年第1期22卷 15-22页

作者： Hanwen Liang, Junxin Liu, Yuansong Wei, Xuesong Guoresearch center for {2.-environmental {4., Chinese academy of {4., beijing 100085, china [a] research center for {2.-environmental {4. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Low-cost, easy-maintenance and high-efficiency decentralized wastewater treatment technologies are urgently needed in rural areas of china. Processes with high potential for phosphorus removal are of great interest. However, commonly used treatment methods often do not meet the strict criteria for removing phosphorus from rural wastewater. In order to search an economic and simple technology for phosphorus removal from the common bit-technologies effluent, seven soil types collected from different rural areas in china were investigated for their ability to remove phosphorus. X-ray diffraction （XRD） was used to analyse the mineral structure, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer （ICP-OES） was used to analyse the geochemical composition of the soil samples. Three primary minerals - quartz, albite and montmorillonite - were clearly detected. The samples were divided into two soil types, acidic soils and alkaline soils, based on their pH values. The geochemical composition study indicated that a higher percentage of Ca and Mg occurred in alkaline soils （pH 〉 8） than in acidic soils （pH 〈 6.5）. Adsorption isotherms from batch experiments fitted the Langmuir and Freundlich models well, the maximum P adsorption capacities ranged from 0.2.6 to 1.598 mg P/g, indicating a high phosphorus removal potential for all of these soils. The P fractions extracted revealed that the sum of NaOH-extracted inorganic P （NaOH-Pi） was the major P component in the acidic soils, and CaCO3-bound phosphorus （Ca-P） in the alkaline soils. Dynamic adsorption simulation showed that these soils have the ability to remove phosphorus from wastewater.

关键词： adsorption phosphorus removal rural areas wastewater treatment

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Applications of synchrotron-based X-ray techniques in environmental science

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Science china Chemistry 2010年第12期53卷 2529-2538页

作者： LUO Lei & ZHANG ShuZhen State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and ecotoxicology {2. center for eco-environmental sciences,Chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100085,china 1. State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and ecotoxicology research center for {2.-environmental {4. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Synchrotron-based X-ray techniques have been widely applied to the fields of environmental science due to their element-specific and nondestructive properties and unique spectral and spatial resolution *** techniques are capable of in situ investigating chemical speciation,microstructure and mapping of elements in question at the molecular or nanometer scale,and thus provide direct evidence for reaction mechanisms for various environmental *** this contribution,the applications of three types of the techniques commonly used in the fields of environmental research are reviewed,namely X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS),X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM).In particular,the recent advances of the techniques in{4. are elaborated,and a selection of the applied examples are provided in the field of environmental ***,the perspectives of synchrotron-based X-ray techniques are *** their great progress and wide application,the techniques have revolutionized our understanding of significant geo-and bio-chemical *** is anticipatable that synchrotron-based X-ray techniques will continue to play a significant role in the fields and significant advances will be obtained in decades ahead.

关键词： synchrotron spectroscopy spectromicroscopy environmental science

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Effect of temperature on the sorption and desorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate on humic acid

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Journal of environmental sciences 2010年第3期22卷 355-361页

作者： Chengxia Jia, Chun You, Gang Pan State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry, research {2. for eco-environmental sciences, Chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china. [a] State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Sorption and desorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS） on humic acid at different temperatures were studied. It was found that the sorption process could be modeled with power kinetic equation very well, suggesting that diflusion predominated the sorption of PFOS on the humic acid. The sorption capacity was doubled when the temperature increased from 5 to 35°C, and thermodynamics parameters △G0 was calculated to be –7.11 to –5.04.kJ/mol, △H0 was 14.2.kJ/mol, and △S 0 was 69.5 J/（mol·K）, indicating that the sorption was a spontaneous, endothermic, and entropy driven process. Desorption hysteresis occurred at all studied temperatures which suggested that humic acid may be an important sink of PFOS in the environment.

关键词： perfluorooctane sulfonate sorption desorption temperature humic acid

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