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Primary migration and secondary alteration of the Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir in Ordos Basin,china―Application of fluid inclusion gases

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 165-173页

作者： GONG Se 1,2 ,PENG PingAn 1 ,SHUAI YanHua 3 ,DAI Jinxing 3 &ZHANG WenZheng 4 1 Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,china 2 Common Wealth Scientific and research Organization,petroleum Resources,PO Box 136,North Ryde,New South Wales,1670,Australia 3 research institute of petroleum exploration and development,Petrochina,Beijing 100083,china 4 research institute of exploration and development,changqing petroleum corporation,xi’an 710021,china Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry the Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Common Wealth Scientific and research Organization Petroleum Resources North Ryde Australia research institute of petroleum exploration and development PetroChina Beijing China research institute of exploration and development Changqing Petroleum Corporation Xi’an China

The composition of fluid inclusions(FI)often represents the initial geochemical characteristics of palaeo-fluid in reservoir *** on composition and carbon isotopic composition of gas during primary migration,reservoir-forming and subsequent secondary alterations are discussed through comparing fluid inclusion gas with coal-formed gas and natural gas in present gas reservoirs in the Ordos *** results show that primary migration of gas has significant effect on the molecular but not on the carbon isotopic composition of *** and diffusion fractionation took place during the secondary migration of gas in Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir according to carbon isotopic composition of methane in *** and carbon isotopic composition of natural gas were nearly unchanged after the gas reservoir forming through comparing the FI gases with the natural gas in present gas reservoir.

关键词： secondary alteration fluid inclusion carbon isotope Ordos Basin

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Geochemical characteristics and origin of gases from the Upper,Lower Paleozoic and the Mesozoic reservoirs in the Ordos Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 183-194页

作者： HU AnPing 1 ,Li Jian 2 ,ZHANG WenZheng 3 ,LI ZhiSheng 2 ,HOU Lu 4 &LIU QuanYou 5 1 Department of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,china 2 Langfang Branch,Reasearch institute of petroleum exploration and development,Petrochina,Langfang 065007,china 3 institute of exploration and development,Petrochina changqing Oilfield Company,xi’an 710021,china 4 University of petroleum,Beijing102249,china 5 Petrochina research institute of petroleum exploration and development,Beijing 100083,china Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Langfang Branch Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Langfang China institute of exploration and development PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an China University of petroleum Beijing China Petrochina research institute of petroleum exploration and development Beijing China

The Ordos Basin,the second largest sedimentary basin in china,contains the broad distribution of natural gas *** far,several giant gas fields have been discovered in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic in this basin,each having over 1000×10 8 m 3 of proven gas reserves,and several gas pools have also been discovered in the *** paper collected the data of natural gases and elucidated the geochemical characteristics of gases from different reservoirs,and then discussed their *** hydrocarbons preserved in the Upper Paleozoic,the elevatedδ13C values of methane,ethane and propane indicate that the gases would be mainly coal-formed gases;the singular reversal in the stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes suggests the mixed gases from humic sources with different *** the Lower Paleozoic,theδ13C 1 values are mostly similar with those in the Upper Paleozoic,but theδ13C 2 andδ13C 3 values are slightly lighter,suggesting that the gases would be mixing of coal-type gases as a main member and oil-type *** are multiple reversals in carbon isotopes for gaseous alkanes,especially abnormal reversal for methane and ethane(i.e.δ13C 1 >δ13C 2 ),inferring that gases would be mixed between high-mature coal-formed gases and oil-type *** the Mesozoic,the δ13Cvalues for gaseous alkanes are enriched in 12C,indicating that the gases are mainly derived from sapropelic sources;the carbon isotopic reversal for propane and butane in the Mesozoic is caused by microbial oxidation and mixing of gases from sapropelic sources with different *** contrast to the Upper Paleozoic gases,the Mesozoic gases are characterized by heavier carbon isotopes of iso-butane than normal butane,which may be caused by gases generated from different kerogen types. Finally,according toδ13C 1 -Ro relationship and extremely low total organic carbon contents,the Low Paleozoic gases would not be generated from the Ordovician source as a main gas source,bycontrast, the Upper Pale

关键词： Ordos Basin natural gas chemical composition carbon isotope genesis

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Geochemical characteristics and source rock of Ordovician gas reservoir, changqing Gasfield

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第20期44卷 1917-1920页

作者： xiA xinyu, ZHAO Lin, ZHANG Wenzheng and LI Jianfengresearch institute of petroleum exploration and development, Beijing 100083, china changqing petroleum exploration Bureau, XL an 710021 , china research institute of petroleum exploration and development Beijing China changqing petroleum exploration Bureau Xi’an China

Carbon isotopic composition of methane in Ordovician gas reservoir in the changqing Gasfield can reflect the dominance of Upper Paleozoic coal-type gas despite its high mature degree. The 12C-rich ethane in the Ordovician reservoir (δ13C2 < - 29‰), known as a marker as oil-type gas, does not indicate the Ordovician marine carbonate as main source rock, it is be-

关键词： methane ethane carbon isotope natural gas genesis. changqing Gasfield.

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Impact of rock anisotropy on fracture development

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第11期18卷 1403-1408页

作者： Lianbo Zeng~(a,b,*) Jiyong Zhao~c Shengju Zhu~c Weiliang xiong~c Yonghong He~c Jianwen Chen~c a Key State Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting in china University of petroleum,Beijing 102249,china b Resources and Information Faculty,china University of petroleum,Beijing 102249,china c exploration and development research institute,changqing Oilfield Branch,xi’an 710021,china Key State Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting in china University of petroleum Beijing 102249 China Resources and Information Faculty China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China exploration and development research institute Changqing Oilfield Branch Xi’an 710021 China

Experiments on uniaxial and triaxial rock mechanics and rock acoustic emissions have been conducted for research on the impact of rock anisotropy on the development of the fractures of different directions by taking as an example the ultra-low-permeability sandstone reservoir in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation within the Ordos *** experimental results prove the existence of anisotropy of the rock mechanical property in the different directions on the plane,which is the chief reason for the production of impacts on the development of different assemblages of fractures in the geological *** rock anisotropy usually restricts the development of one assemblage of conjugate shear *** fractures in the Yanchang Formation within the Ordos Basin are mainly shear fractures that formed under two tectonic ***,here,four assemblages of shear fractures should have developed,but due to the effect of a strong rock anisotropy,in each period one assemblage of fractures chiefly ***,two assemblages of fractures are usually developed in every part at present.

关键词： Fracture Rock anisotropy Rock mechanical experiments Acoustic emission experiments

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High-Resolution Transgressive-Regressive Sequence Stratigraphy of Chang 8 Member of Yanchang Formation in Southwestern Ordos Basin,Northern china

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第4期21卷 423-438页

作者：吕明胜陈开远薛良清衣丽萍朱红涛 research institute of petroleum exploration & development PetroChina School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences china National Oil and Gas exploration and development corporation Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences

The reservoirs within the Chang 8 Member of Yanchang(延长) Formation in the southwestern Ordos basin are characterized by low *** is significant to build a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework for the exploration and development of these *** on an integrated investigation of well logs,seismic data,cores and outcrops,the Chang 8 Member is interpreted as a 3rd-order transgressive-regressive(T-R) sequence,which consists of six 4th-order T-R sequences,namely,K1,K2,K3,K4,K5 and K6,respectively,from base to *** 4th-order sequence comprises a transgressive systems tract overlain by a regressive systems *** K1 to transgressive systems tract of K4,it is characterized by the landward shifts of facies and overall retrogradational sequence stacking pattern due to accommodation increase more than sediment supply during the 3rd-order base-level *** distributary channels are mainly deposited in the transgressive systems tracts,and the interdistributary bays,sheet sands,and small-scale mouth bars are primarily developed in the regressive systems tracts in response to the 4th-order base-level *** the regressive systems tracts of K4 to K6,it is characterized by the basinward shifts of facies and overall progradational sequence stacking pattern because of accommodation increase less than sediment supply during a fall in 3rd-order base *** distributary channels are mainly accumulated in the transgressive systems tracts,and distributary channels and mouth bars are deposited in the regressive systems tracts as a result of the 4th-order base-level *** stratigraphic and sedimentological analyses indicate that sequences K1,K2,K5 and K6,as well as the basin edge of K3 and K4,remain potential for exploration and development due to their high reservoir quality in response to the low accommodation and more sediment supply.

关键词： transgressive-regressive sequence base level sediment supply sequence stratigraphic framework Ordos basin.

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Timing and history of marine hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim craton

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第S1期47卷 120-127页

作者： ZHAO Jingzhou~(1,2) & LI Qiming~3 1. Department of petroleum Geology, xi’an petroleum institute, xi’an 710065, china 2. research institute of petroleum exploration and development, Petrochina, Beijing 100083, china 3. Tarim Oilfield Company, Kuerle, xinjiang 841000, china Department of petroleum Geology Xi’an Petroleum Institute Xi’an China research institute of petroleum exploration and development PetroChina Beijing China Tarim Oilfield Company Kuerle Xinjiang China

Based on the analyses of hydrocarbon inclu-sions, K-Ar dating of authigenic illites and oil/gas-watercontact retrospection as well as other methods, the marineprimary reservoirs in the cratonic region of the Tarim Basinare found to have been formed in the late Caledonian toearly Hercynian, late Hercynian, and Himalayan, and oil andgas adjusted and redistributed in the Yanshanian (Jurassic toCretaceous) and Himalayan (Tertiary). The analyses alsoshow that the remaining primary oil accumulations aremostly formed in the late Hercynian, and the secondary oilreservoirs resulted from the adjustment and redistribution ofthe earlier accumulations during the Yanshanian and Hima-layan (especially late Himalayan), of which the Himalayan isalso the major stage of gas accumulation. The primary oilreservoirs formed in the late Hercynian mostly occur withinthe Paleozoic formation, whereas the secondary reservoirsformed in the Himalayan in the Mesozoic. The late adjust-ment and redistribution of reservoirs in the craton region ofthe Tarim Basin is ubiquitous because of the intensified tec-tonic movements since the Mesozoic, especially Cenozoic andintrusion of the high- to over-mature gas. Furthermore, thelower amplitude of reservoirs in the craton region also makesthem easier to be adjusted and redistributed. Therefore, theremaining paleo-uplift and palaeo-slope developed in rela-tively stable tectonic regions are the main potential areas forthe middle-large marine reservoirs in the Tarim Basin.

关键词： Tarim Basin craton geochronology of hydrocarbon accumulation history of hydrocarbon accumulation marine reservoir primary reservoir secondary reservoir.

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Contributors and potential of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks by solid-state ^(13)C NMR spectroscopy

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第6期42卷 478-481页

作者： WANGZhaoyun, ZHAO Changyi, CHENG Keming and LU Qinghua1. research institute of petroleum exploration and development, china National petroleum corporation, Beijing 100083, china:2. University of petroleum, Beijing, 100083 china research institute of petroleum exploration and development China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China University of petroleum Beijing China

SOLID-STATE 13C nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） technique is an effective method to study the texture of material. Under the condition of high magnetic field （400 MHz） and by the application of cross polarization, magic angle spinning （CP/MAS）, total sideband suppression （TOSS）, etc., the content of different textural carbons in kerogen has been quantitatively analyzed by the solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy of a series of kerogen of thermal simulation samples with Ro value ranging from 0.64% to 1.76%. The results show that

关键词： solid 13C NMR analysis aliphatic carbon potential of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks.

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The components and carbon isotope of the gases in inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Paleozoic gas pools in the Ordos Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 115-121页

作者： MI JingKui 1 ,DAI Jinxing 1 ,ZHANG ShuiChang 1 ,ZHANG WenZheng 2 ,GONG Se 1 &LI xianQing 3 1 research institute of petroleum exploration and development,Petrochina,Beijing 100083,china 2 exploration and development research institute of Petrochina changqing Oilfield Company,xi’an 710021,china 3 Key Laboratory of Coal Resources,Ministry of Education,china University of Miningand Technology,Beijing 100083,china research institute of petroleum exploration and development PetroChina Beijing China exploration and development research institute of Petrochina changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an China Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Ministry of Education China University of Miningand Technology Beijing China

The components and carbon isotope of gases in inclusions are one of the most important geochemical indexes for gas *** analysis results of the components and carbon isotope of gases from inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Palaeozoic gas pools in the Ordos Basin show that most inclusions grown in reservoir sandstone are primary *** is only a little difference about the components and carbon isotope between the well gases and the secondary inclusions *** indicated that the epigenetic change of gas pools is *** difference between the well gases and the secondary inclusions gases is caused by two reasons:(i)The well gases come from several disconnected sand bodies buried in a segment of depth,while the inclusion gases come from a point of depth.(ii)The secondary inclusions trapped the gases generated in the former stage of source rock gas generation,and the well gases are the mixed gases generated in all the *** is irresponsible to reconstruct the palaeo-temperature and palaeo-pressure under which the gas pool formed using carbon dioxide inclusions.

关键词： Ordos Basin Upper Paleozoic inclusion gas components carbon isotope

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Application of backflush and micro-flow techniques to the analysis of C5—C13 hydrocarbons in crude oils and its geochemical significance

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第11期17卷 1382-1387页

作者： Wang Peirong1,2, Zhao Hong2,3, Xu Guanjun1,4, Zhu Cuishan2,3, xiao Tingrong4, Zhang Min2,3 and Zhang Bin1,4(1. Key Laboratory of petroleum Geochemistry, china National petroleum corporation, Beijing 100083, china 2. Geochemistry Department of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, china 3. Key Laboratory of exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, china 4. petroleum Geology Central Laboratory, research institute of petroleum exploration and development, Petrochina, Beijing 100083, china) Key Laboratory of petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100083 China Geochemistry Department Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Key Laboratory of exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China petroleum Geology Central Laboratory Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

An Agilent 6890N GC equipped with both FID and Agilent 5975 MSD analyzer has been employed to analyze C5—C13 hydrocarbon fractions of crude oils. A technical combination of program temperature volatilizer injection, backflush and micro-flow controller afforded a fine separation of C5—C13 compounds on a PONA column with the heavy part of crude oils being cut off before entering the analytical column. Both GC-FID chromatogram and GC-MS mass chromatograms (MID and full scan) could be obtained at the same time. The retension time differences of nC6—nC13 alkanes between GC and TIC were in the range of 0.02—0.58 minutes. Totally 286 peaks have been assigned group compositions. Results on 8 typical oil samples from CNPC Key Laboratory Crude Oil Library showed that the characteristics of C6—C13 hydrocarbon group composition could be used in oil-oil correlation studies.

关键词： GC analysis GC/MS analysis backflush micro-flow controller light fraction in crude oil

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Study on forward modeling of through-casing resistivity logging

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 207-211页

作者： GAO Jie1,LIU FuPing2,BAO DeZhou3,CHENG xi3 & ZHANG YuLing4 1 china University of petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 2 Beijing institute of Graphic Communication,Beijing 102600,china 3 china petroleum Logging CO. LTD.,xi’an 710021,china 4 china National Logging corporation,Beijing 100101,china china University of petroleum Beijing China Beijing institute of Graphic Communication Beijing China china petroleum Logging CO. LTD. Xi’an China china National Logging corporation Beijing China

Through-casing resistivity logging (TCRL) is a new kind of logging method for formation evaluation,reservoir monitoring and saturation changes tracking. In this paper,the basic principle of TCRL is de-tailed,and the modified transmission line equation method (MTLEM) is first proposed in china. The MTLEM has been employed to simulate the responses of TCRL,on the basis of which,the effects of formation resistivity,cement and casing on the responses of TCRL are analyzed,and the signals in-duced in different formations are also calculated,which can help the design of TCRL tool and data processing and interpretation in china.

关键词： through-casing resistivity logging (TCRL) modified transmission line equation method (MTLEM) casing cement sheath

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